Leading factories of Omsk and Omsk region: history and modernity

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2020-04-06 16:00:13

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Factories of Omsk and Omsk region occupy an important place in the economy of Russia. Strategic location in the heart of the country allows local companies to establish business partnerships with the East and the West. In the region, developed by the aircraft industry, mechanical engineering, metallurgy, defense and electronic industry.

plants of Omsk and Omsk region

Pre-revolutionary development

Until the late 19th century on the territory of Omsk region was absent factory production, where the used machines and steam engines. The construction of the railroad in 1890 made a difference: near railway line on the left Bank of the Irtysh river originated sawmill and sleeper impregnation company. Soon, near the station, built of brick production and the mill.

In 1893 appeared the first factory in Omsk, where was installed a mechanical engine. Before the revolution, the biggest production was progesteronelike plant (today it is the aggregate plant. Kuibyshev).

First five

Civil strife after the revolution led to the shutdown of companies. Only with the establishment of Soviet power in 1919 production began to recover. In particular, metal-working factories of Omsk: 1st mechanical, factory «Energy», «the Red ploughman" (before the revolution of Brondby if smashes in a plant) – were United in the organization “Metallurgist”.

In the mid 20-ies of the largest enterprise in the region were Siberian factory of agricultural machines, the number of employees of which exceeded 500 people. In 1938, the SNK of the USSR decided to build the Omsk tire factory, which is still the pride of the region. In the same period were built of cord factory and Assembly production.

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plants of Omsk list

Military

The Beginning of the great Patriotic war contributed to the explosive development of industry in the region. In 1941–1942 Omsk took more than a hundred large and small enterprises, which were evacuated away from the front. The pillars of the defense sector became three production sites:

  • Omsk plant them. Kuibyshev, merged with plant No. 20 of the people's Commissariat of aviation industry. It was producing munitions, including components for rockets.
  • Leningrad plant them. Voroshilov number 174. It was organized by the Assembly of the legendary T-34 tanks.
  • Three of the Moscow aircraft factory (later United in the aerospace enterprise “Flight”) began production of aircraft of Tu-2 and Yak-9.

In the Spring of 1942 in Omsk was relocated production capacities of many enterprises of medical, textile and food industry.

plants of Omsk

Post-war development

With the end of hostilities, the vast majority of production remained in the city, which allowed the Omsk region to become one of the leading industrial centers of the USSR. In the 50 years of the twentieth century list of plants of the Omsk replenished with the largest domestic refining company. Its construction began in November 1949, the first production received 5.09.1955 year. The Omsk refinery is the production of gasoline, heating oil, diesel and other petrochemical products.

1959-the year of birth of the particulate plant in Omsk (today the factory of technical carbon). In 1960, the laying of another giant of the petrochemical industry – enterprises for the production of synthetic rubber. The first rubber was obtained 24.10.1962 G., and G. 15.05.1963 production of butadiene. 60 years of running large factories of gas equipment, oxygen and other machinery.

By the 80 th years in the Omsk region the most highly developed agro-industrial, petrochemical and machine-building complexes. They accounted for 70% of the total industrial production of the region. The most important was the Omsk MPZ, carbon black plant and enterprises of the defence industry, dominated BY “Flying”.

plants of Omsk and Omsk region list

In the era of market relations

The 90-ies are characterized by a nearly twofold decline of the regional economy. Particularly affected engineering. For example, in 1995, the capacity utilization of the plants of the defense industry on average does not exceed 40%. On the contrary, an enviable stability showed the Omsk refinery. He was and still is a leading Russian supplier of domestic fuel.

List of plants of Omsk and Omsk region has made the largest contribution to the regional budget:

  • “Omskenergo" (electricity industry);
  • «Sibneft – the Omsk refinery” (fuel);
  • “Nizhnekamskshina" (chemical);
  • “Rosario" (food);
  • Meat "Omsk” (food);
  • “omsktekhuglerod" (chemical);
  • Zavod transportnogo mashinostroeniya (machine-building);
  • TF “Omsk” (food);
  • ATPP "Osh" (food);
  • “Matador-Omskshina" (chemical).

By 2015, the leading sector of the regional economy remains manufacturing. Omsk refinery became the second processing volume in the world (up to 29 million tons of oil annually) and the most technologically advanced in the country.

The share of OJSC “Nizhnekamskshina” accounts for 20% of tires produced in Russia. Stamps tire “Matador-Omskshina” and “Matador” demanded in the domestic and foreign markets. Carbon black plant – one of the petrochemical leaders in Russia.

The Growth of defense contracts contributed to the development of the Omsk machine-building sector of the defense industry. Research Instituteinstrumentation became part of the group «Orion», «omsktransmash” transferred to Uralvagonzavod, MO them. Baranov entered the structure of NPTS in gas turbine construction “fireworks”, FOR “Flight” transformed from an independent enterprise into a branch of GKNPTs im. Khrunichev. The inclusion of these plants in large holdings allowed them to access government funding.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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