Extruded feed: composition, advantages and disadvantages

Weather conditions always affect the workpiece feed. Technology becomes obsolete. For these and other reasons, the technology of billets of grain to be violated that affect the quality of the resulting forage, which has low nutrient content and high levels of harmful microorganisms and bacteria.

Investigating methods of the disinfection of grain, scientists have developed a method of extruding. This method has found wide practical application. Thus, the result bartering exposure is the inactivation of toxins in grain, and sterilization of the grain.

Technology

Thanks to modern technologies there appeared an opportunity to use widely extruded feed, to significantly reduce financial costs and increase profits. Forage – this is the main source of carbohydrates for animals. The most used grains of wheat, barley, oats, corn, etc. Very rarely use beans. These include lentils, peas, soybeans, etc.

Grains animals receive in the form of cereals, for the preparation which is taken flour of thin or coarse grinding. If the grain has a high moisture content, it quickly grow mold, aerobic bacteria. Such raw material is very dangerous for animals. In contrast, the extruded feed almost safe. After all, even in freshly harvested grain, even where the humidity is low, there is a significant number of microorganisms. These toxins tend to multiply rapidly. Another interesting fact is that, even if the grain has been subjected to the drying process, the moisture in it still comes to the level of 14 %.

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Technologically, the process is this: the grain is ground and moistened in a screw mixer. Moisture is supplied at the rate of one ton - 275-400 liters. After moistening, the grain is fed into the extruder, where it undergoes compaction, compression and high temperature treatment lasting up to 10 seconds when T = 150-190 °C. After this treatment, 1 gram of wheat, for example, contains 10,000 times fewer microorganisms than before extrusion and contained fungi, prior to processing the grain to die.

Features extrusion

After 1.5 month of storage indicator of the presence of microorganisms that contain extruded feed remains at the same level, while in untreated tends to grow.

Blagodarova processing grain extrusion significantly improves the nutritional properties and digestibility to the animal organism. Treatment of high temperatures causing dextrinization starch – is the formation of soluble carbohydrates. The simultaneous presence of moisture and elevated temperature promotes gelatinization of raw grain.

Maximum dextrins are formed during the processing of shredded wheat at 180 ° °Using pressure of 2.5-3 MPa and the moisture rate of 300 liters per ton. The amount of starch (castelsilano) reaches with this method increased 27 %.

An Important feature, which have extruded feed, is hydrophilic. The intensity of the swelling is already visible in the first 10 minutes. Such indicators are important for the preparation of feed mixtures. If you give a liquid mixture on the grid, it will fall to the ground, and such losses affect the economic side of farming.

Why choose extruded feed? Pros and cons

To date, the method of processing grain by extrusion refers to the best technological solutions.

When the heat processing of food has improved palatability due to the resulting different aromatic substances. He had markedly increased activity of enzymes needed for digestion. The only raw material during extrusion should be free from earth, straw, different stones and other mechanical debris. Interestingly, even treatment of stale wet grain with a pronounced ammonia smell turns the grain in dry food. And after extruding “the dead wastes" (shell buckwheat) get food for pigs and sheep.

The Digestibility of the feed

If the animal uses a conventional, not extruded feed, the pros and cons become obvious. It absorbs only half of it. This is due to the fact that most of the energy is spent on digestion of the shell. Therefore for maintenance of life of animals and to obtain a high productivity have to lay in the estimates a very high cost. It is a minus, the plus point is only its natural, but it is a little lie or spoil, as this could cause a problem.

Extrusion Process performs the first half of the stomach, and the energy required for digestion is saved. Anything that gives the extruded feed, goes fully to the needs of the animal, and productivity has resulted in cheaper performance. Such extruded feedfor animals indispensable for rearing. Practicing veterinarians and livestock specialists know that 90% of young plants die due to various kinds of diseases of the stomach, intestines, infections that entered through the digestive system. Young animals are the least protected in this area.

Tweakers

Food after extruding, almost sterile even after long period of storage at ordinary warehouse. When feeding extrudant the death of young animals from intestinal diseases was reduced by almost two times. Even then, when switching to coarse feed, the animal consumed extruded feed for cattle (cattle), has a healthy stomach, exhausted intestinal disorders, and significantly ahead of their peers in growth.

Wet forage decomposition of vitamins in a natural way takes place rapidly, and in extrudate with a moisture content of 7–9% of vitamins are retained.

Additional advantages

There is another point that points to the advantages of extruded feed. Practice shows that animals, especially pigs, feeding throw out up to 8% of feed per litter. If you use extruded feed for pigs, this is not happening.

It is also Important to know that extrudant has the properties of absorption, so it is a preventive measure for diseases of the stomach and intestines.

Dairy farming

There are a number of cases, when products extrusion – this is the only reasonable way to achieve ROI and profitability. This is especially true of dairy farming. To obtain highly efficient production in this industry must be very intensive feeding of cows. They have to obtain a protected protein and protected fat that is not broken down in the rumen, passing it in transit, and are digested in the small intestine. Thanks to this method the main part of the released amino acids will be absorbed into the bloodstream and will be used in the synthesis of milk proteins, and free fatty acids will provide an adequate level of metabolizable energy. This unique product is obtained by extruding soybeans in combination with sunflower oil cake.

Feeding dogs and cats

On inMillet of Whether to use extruded food for dogs, there is disagreement among holders of animals, as among veterinarians. Opponents argue that when feeding Prepared dog food increases the need of animal in high quality nutrients, vitamins, and fatty acids. If they are not enough, the pet will face serious health problems. If the direction of the extruded cereal feed quite a lot of positive arguments to the side of the prepared feeds of animal origin are more negative.

Waste meat production, which are part of the extruded feed can contain high amounts of hormones that affect the development of tumors. It is the synthetic hormones that are added to food to stimulate growth, and meat meal, which is mostly produced from waste glands, germinal tissues of pregnant cows. These hormones remain active for a long time. Especially dangerous high levels of hormones is considered for cats.

Diseases

Sick animals, considered to be the marriage, going to waste and possibly to the production of feed for dogs and cats. Today is not a secret that young animals are suffering from problems that were previously characteristic only of elderly individuals. Young veterinarians without past experience cannot, in principle, to write 100% true about the extruded feed reviews, because they do not have the possibility of comparing the health of animals over time. A few decades ago about the many diseases of young Pets could not even speak.

Chemistry

With the deterioration of the health of domestic animals have a strong influence of various chemical additives. If the label says that the composition include corn syrup, know that it is the ingredient that provides moisture and elasticity. Additionally, this is a very sweet element, which is extracted from corn starch and causes the pancreas and the adrenal glands changes that can lead to diabetes. Corn syrup is not digested by animals. He also dilutes the other nutrients are calories that do not contain minerals, vitamins, proteins and fats.

Syrup of corn starch stimulates excess insulin secretion, increases the acidity of the stomach, inhibits the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract. This leads to goiter, it prevents the normal absorption of calcium, proteins and minerals present in food.

We Cannot forget about the dyes that are added to feed to improve the color and attract customers. But the more natural the food, so it is closer to a taupe color. Our Pets care about the color of the feed, theysimply not distinguished, and the owners almost always look at the color. Therefore, manufacturers add dyes. To the harmful dyes, added synthetic flavors and flavoring. They are not just animals, and people can not be eaten!

This is only a small part of what can be said on this issue. In General, it should be understood that the process of infection the chemistry of food begins with pesticides, herbicides, etc., which are used for commercial cultivation of the crop. Today there was added transgenes. The process continues by use of antibiotics, tranquilizers, which are used at poultry farms, farm, etc. followed by processing to transport and storage. And so to the production of feed…

When to eat a home prepared pet food?

It is Possible to use such feed when there is exceptional need, such as a trip. But not on a regular basis! If for any reason the owner prefers to feed your pet extruded feed, it is necessary to approach the choice very carefully!

At first glance, the feed is similar, but it's not! You need to carefully study the list of ingredients. If the dog is drinking enough, it should not be given dry food, only canned. Any discrepancies in nutrition are reflected in the stool. Should not a balanced food Supplement with vitamins and trace elements separately, because in the stern is a full set needed by the body of the animal.

Overdose on vitamins

Adult Pets in any case can not often provide food for small Pets, as it contains high amount of minerals, etc. For this reason, the feeding extruded feed for puppies, adult Pets may lead to obesity. Do not give food intended for Pets the same weight category, for each other. Overdose of any vitamin can lead to serious health problems!

Prepared food can be used as mineral supplements in the normal diet of the animal meat and cereals. It can be used as fortified nutrition when a primary food grain products and wastes of the meat industry. If you always use ready to feed, the Supplement is no need.

It is Important to always pay attention to the content of vitamins a And D3. Their excess leads to very negative consequences.