The performance characteristics of the Kalashnikov assault rifle, structure and purpose

In this article we will talk about weapons from around the world, which marked the beginning of an era in the field of domestic arms design. The performance characteristics of the Kalashnikov assault rifle was improved from one model to another, but the principle of operation remained unchanged. Unbreakable remains and the traditions established by the Creator in his model: quality, reliability, simplicity and long service life.

History...

Prerequisites for the development of new models of weapons was the outcome of the meeting of the technical Council under the people's Commissariat of the USSR in July 1943, which was dealt with captured German prototype of the StG-44 and U.S. carbine M1 Carbine.

In About a month created a new experimental cartridge 7.62 x 41 mm cartridge has subsequently been adjusted, in the end, the caliber was converted to 7.62 x 39 mm.

It was Later declared a number of design contests, the results of which was designed by the famous machine.

In 1947 the decision was made to start production of the machine in Izhevsk. And two years later two specimens were adopted: a standard AK with a 7.62 mm model with folding stock — AKS — the same caliber.

1959 marked the release of the upgraded version of the machine. Has been corrected identified in the operation of the flaws, on the basis of already used the machine TKB-517 was made up of new performance characteristics of the Kalashnikov assault rifle and was released as the first machine gun based on the AKM.

Automatic

Kalashnikov, performance characteristics and main parts was improved from one version to another products to improve the efficiency, reliability and quality improvement. However, design features remained unchanged.

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From the moment of entering into service the AK (Kalashnikov) 74, the performance characteristics established at the time, became the starting point for continuous development of design ideas. Varied types and forms of butts, the shape of the handle, the length of the barrel. The models one-hundredth of a series (other than the projections of mounting a bayonet-knife) Jack is provided to mount the grenade launcher. Machine the fifth generation (for example, AK-12) is pikattini the straps provided to attach various types of equipment, like optical or Climatronic scopes, laser sights or flashlight. Quality, purpose, performance characteristics of the Kalashnikov assault rifle is constantly improving.

The functions of the main parts of the product

Now we should stop directly on each component, in order to figure out which item is for what is.

Trunk — is intended to set the direction of a bullet when fired directly.

Receiver — serves as a connector of all parts and mechanisms of machine, ensures the closure of the shutter barrel and locking of the latter.

Cover the receiver — contributes to the protection of the internal parts (placed in the receiver) from contamination and ingress of foreign objects.

Sights — consists of front and sight. Designed to restore the barrel of the gun at the target to work the most effective fire.

Butt — provides a comfortable shooting along with handle.

Slide — drives the bolt and trigger mechanism. The shutter, in turn, toilet cartridge in the chamber, closes the barrel channel and splits the shell of the charged capsule, remove the sleeve.

The Return mechanism — causes the bolt carrier and bolt are original (front) position.

Gas tube and handguard — protect hands from burns arrow and set the direction of movement of the gas piston.

Trigger — pulling the trigger in the cocked (armed) position. Strikes the firing pin, thereby providing automatic fire bursts or single fire. Is to stop the firing, exhibiting the mode to guard and also prevents the shots at the locked gate.

Handguard — is convenient to wrap the body of the gun when shooting. Coupled with the gas tube prevents the palm of his hand from the burn.

Shop — used for the storage and transportation of ammunition of the machine and flow into the chamber to fire in different position.

Bayonet — in attached to the machine position is used in a bayonet charge or any other form in the middle of melee. Can be used as a knife as a saw and wire cutters as the wire.

Performance characteristics of the Kalashnikov assault rifle AK-74 and not only

The Modern model of the Kalashnikov AK-74M has the following characteristics: weight of the product is equal to 3.6 kg without ammunition, 3.9 kg — curb, 5.8 kg — without bullets, but with an installed night sight NSPUM model, the sight of the same type NSPU-3 is a little easier — just 0.1 kg.

The Empty magazine weighs 0.23 kg and a bayonet out of the sheath — just 0.32 kg.

The length of the machine is 940 mm, and with fixed bayonet - 1089 mm. With stock unfolded, this figure is already set to 943, and with folded - 704 mm. With the emergence of new models of performance characteristics of a Kalashnikov undergo changes.

The barrel Length is 415 mm with a muzzlechromosom / compensator 372 mm and all — without him.

The Width is also an integral part of the performance characteristics of a Kalashnikov. Is 70 millimeters standard products. Height - 195 mm.

The Principle of operation all models are the same — system of exhaust gases of burnt gunpowder and the butterfly valve — despite changing from one model to another the performance characteristics of a Kalashnikov.

The 5.45 caliber modern AK-74M.

Performance characteristics of the Kalashnikov AKS-74U and a little bit of interest

Kalashnikov folding shortened — the abbreviation stands for the name of this weapon. Is a shortened version of the standard AK-74, designed for combat tasks in a small confined space: to equip the calculations of military transport in conditions of peace or war (for example, BTR-80), calculations of all kinds of guns, and amphibious units. Is in service in the security structures, has proven to be such because of its compactness and low weight.

Has a weight of about 3 kg with cartridges and 2.7 kg — without them. The store weight is 0.21 kg, a mounting of the sight NSPUM weight 2.2 kg.

Product Length 730 mm with stock unfolded, 490, respectively, with a folded. The length of the barrel is equal to 206 mm.

The Rate varies from 600 to 700 shots per second. Effective range 500 meters, but effective — 300.

A Bullet fired from the AKS-74U is able to develop the initial speed equal to 735 m/s.

Features AKS-74U

In view of worldwide trends towards the creation of a shortened version of the already existing assault rifles, the designers of the USSR in the 70-ies also took care of creating a compact sample of the existing machine.

Compared to the original version, “drying” (it even comes with the letter “h” instead of “W”) has the following features:

• Significantly short barrel installed nadolnyak, which in turn serves as a flame arrester;
• Gas piston rod shortened by almost half;
• Removed the system slowing down the rate of fire;
• Improved the stability of the bullet in the short barrel.

Advantages

The Main feature is the relatively high range for this type of weapon. But this is not the only plus. It should also be mentioned:

• Due to its small size may carry concealed;
• Reliable, easy to disassemble, clean and reassemble;
• High penetrating ability.

Disadvantages

Despite the high popularity of the AKS-74U, the product has a number of shortcomings. Some of them lead to the rejection of the use of this weapon, some need getting used to. Everything depends on desire and possibilities of the owner.

• First of all, noticeable to the naked eye much lower accuracy compared to the original version of the product.
• Effective range similarly low, if compared with the classic version of the slot machine.
• Low percentage of stopping action. This term denotes the setting of the bullet that determines the enemy's ability to further any action after the bullet. In this case, the low figure of this parameter is associated with the use of caliber of 5,45.
• Model overheats quickly due to their small size.

A Kalashnikov rifle in popular culture

In a number of African countries, newborn boys are given the name «Kalash». Versions of such a named set.

One theory says that the so called in honor of the hero of the film "22 minutes” — the Somali pirate who helped the main character.

According to another version States that the name has no semantic reference to the Kalashnikov, and means something in the local dialects.

And there is also a religious interpretation, rooted in totemistic religion based on a cult of ancestors-patrons. Such opinion holds about 16% of the population in Africa.

According to this interpretation, the Kalashnikov is so famous worldwide that it is difficult to name the country to which he would not be affected. In particular, the number of armed conflicts and in Africa was also used the weapon.

In the end, it came down to the fact that several African tribes, used the famous «Kalash», identified the weapon with the spirit of the great ancestor, capable of both harm and protect. Because when the boy was born, and, therefore, the warrior, they called him «Kalash», implying thereby that growing the future protector, the support and the hope of the entire family.

But this is just one theory.

On the albums of many musical groups of different directions are used the images of a Kalashnikov.

In the song “Dragunov” by the Swedish Industrial band Raubtier mentioned a Kalashnikov in the following context:

“Dragunov and Stolichnaya

Smirnoff and Kalashnikoff”.

Here is an unusual application was found a Kalashnikov rifle. The device, function, TTX is not involved.

«Kalashnikov» in the arms of the countries of the world

Famous slot machine is present or was present at different times on the coats of arms of several countries. For example,used on coat of arms and flag of Mozambique (with attached bayonet), in heraldry, the state of Zimbabwe, Burkina Faso from 1987 to 1997.

Since 2007, outlines «Kalash» used on the coat of arms of East Timor.

Also used in the emblem of the “red Youth Vanguard” — Communist Bolshevik organization, common in States of the former USSR.

The coat of Arms of the Ukrainian volunteer paramilitary associations formed to resolve local conflict on the territory of Donbass, also includes the Kalashnikov.