The scrap of ferrous metal. The benefit of re-melting

The article describes what the scrap of ferrous metal, because of which it is formed and how it is re-used in industry.

The Beginning

With a metal familiar to mankind since time immemorial, and he played a significant role in the development of society. The first primitive tools were made of copper and later of bronze, they did not differ strength and quickly fell into disrepair. Especially if used in the weapon. But with the opening of the process of smelting iron ore, everything changed. Naturally, iron was not enough, as its manufacturing process was long and painstaking, and the quality left much to be desired. But in the late XVIII and the early XIX century with coal mining, everything changed. A new type of fuel made it possible to establish mass production of iron and made the industrial revolution. But what is the scrap of ferrous metal? Why it is formed and how it can be used again? In this we will understand.

Terminology

According to the official definition, scrap – a collective name for waste iron and steel industry, iron and metal debris aggregates degraded. It is divided into the one that is utilized in the secondary loop, and the one that make it impossible. Simply put, the scrap of ferrous metal is iron, which is not used for its intended purpose, but remelting which again can be used again. In addition to the natural appearance in the end-of-life products, scrap metal also appears as a waste at a particular production. For example, in the form of waste of castings (drops), scale or swarf when working lathes and milling machines. For economic reasons it is much more profitable scrap ferrous metal to melt again than to do the same from the ore.

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Also important factor is the environment – the products of iron oxides pollute the environment much less than ferrous metals, for example, the same lead, but the constant cleaning of reservoirs and dumps of iron has a beneficial effect on nature.

Scrap metal: types

After admission to the factories of recycling or remelting, black iron is mandatory for sorting, and may, at first glance, the difference is small, but it's not. First sorted by type of metal: steel, cast iron, stainless steel. Then the percentage of carbon it is divided into two classes, then again into two classes according to the number of alloying materials. Final separation occurs in quality, just its 28 degrees. And only after that he is sent to the smelter. Colored metal is a bit more complicated, but to dwell on it will not be as considering only the ferrous metals.

Reasons and benefits

As already mentioned, one of the reasons recycling is an economic benefit, as it is easier to melt metallic waste than to start the process of its manufacture from scratch. But, as in any technological process, remelting scrap entails a number of other important consequences.

First, the iron ore deposits are severely depleted. Though the percentage of it in crust is very large compared to others, but mankind has more than a hundred years on a large industrial scale leads them prey.

Secondly, the reduced use of fuel for melting of ore - coal - reserves is also not unlimited. This also leads to the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere and, as a consequence, the greenhouse effect. One word – a scrap of black and nonferrous metal production and processing are beneficial to the state's economy and the environment as a whole.

This practice exists in all developed countries for over a hundred years.

Business

After the collapse of the Soviet Union and entering the capitalist economic system in the vast of the former republics began to grow and grow private business. And one of its kinds – is a technique of ferrous and nonferrous scrap metal from individuals. In addition, utilization of exposed the whole company, which over the years or time of stagnation accumulated a huge amount of iron.

In our time, this business is widely spread almost in every village you can find the place where they take a black or colored iron. Prices on it though and not squeezed into the rigid framework, but differ slightly depending on the region.

Soviet Union

In the Soviet Union were often held large-scale campaigns to collect iron. Scrap and waste of ferrous metals pull to schoolchildren, scouts and other citizens both in person and in public, when, for example, the volunteer students of the Institute or the workers of the plant had to be mandatory to score a ton or two of iron to pass. For visual motivation often for the may holidays had arranged a kind of procession of tractors and cars that were completely made of iron, found by the scouts.