Tanks, the protection of which is active. Active armor tank: the principle of operation. The invention of the active armor

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2020-05-14 19:20:32

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And in this article we will look at what active armor. Note – the topic is quite interesting and necessary. So, the active protection is the system of shooting specific weapons connected to the radar device of the local influence. These systems are tanks.

If a tank, for example, T-72 with active armor found approaching ammunition (grenades, anti-tank grenades and the like), the team launches a projectile that when approaching a dangerous object explodes. What happens next? Formed a cloud of debris either destroy or greatly weaken the effect of the dangerous object. It should be noted that scientists have also developed devices with protective charge, self-starting.

Russian Federation

As there was an active armor tank? It has developed and introduced the creators of Soviet weapons. The concept of active protection of rail cars for the first time was announced in one of the Tula KB, about 1950. The first set of innovative inventions “Robin” was installed on the T-55АД, which was received by the army in 1983.

active armor

In “Robin” is the first in the world of design, adopting and produced serially. Her performance allowed to use the tank without restrictions.

By the Way, the active armor is significantly (twice or more) increases the endurance of the iron giants.

In 1980 the system “Robin” has been modernized and received index “Drozd-2». However, there have been developed active protection “arena”, but in connection with the collapse of the post-Soviet space, she went into the series as well as an updated package.

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The Invention of the active reservation “arena” contributed to solution of some problems. For example, earlier in the destruction of attacking warheads in its infantry was struck by fragments of a rocket-propelled grenade or ATGM and interceptor missiles. And now the spread of the fragments (from top to bottom) and the trajectory of movement of the protective unit is calculated so as to eliminate the zone of continuous defeat and at the same time to ensure the destruction of attacking missiles.

Today on the platform "Armata" works Kolomna KBM KAZ. The professionals toil over the complex "Afghani". Tell us that design in its composition will be radar millimeter range, and to eliminate the targets will be applied impact the core instead of the traditional spatial fragmentation of the stream.

Hack the objective, apparently, will move with a maximum speed of 1700 m/s.

International development

And in what other countries have developed active armor tank? It was created in France, USA, Germany and Israel. But the Soviet Union suddenly collapsed, and all these attempts have lost their relevance. Moreover, the military budgets have been reduced and this has resulted in numerous funeral unique projects.

It is Possible to note only one exception – the Ukrainian system “Barrier”. It was brought to the level of existing samples. Of course, by April 2010 the design did not go through state testing and enter service with the Ukrainian army, but it was very actively promoted for export.

active armor

I Wonder how active armor works? For example, the complex “Barrier” has some interesting features – missile warheads are shot, and suppressed directly into the surface war machine. Also, according to the developers, the issue of elimination of warheads, storming from above. Moreover, under the influence of the layered fragmentation of the stream and the blast, warheads with metal solid shell (BOPS) change your way. They either meet basic reservation under a disadvantageous angle, or go outside the screened area of the object. These nuances put this system in the category of protective universal funds.

When there is active armor, we'll work on, and now turn our attention to the West. In 2004-2006 in the Western countries began an intensive development of active protection systems. The Americans have also accelerated the creation of such systems: they were forced to contend with constant attacks on military convoys of the RPG-7 in Iraq. In addition, the second Lebanese war with a concentrated use of ATGM and rocket-propelled grenades spoiled the nerves of the leadership of the United States.

It is Known that if in America, the Quick Kill system still requires considerable improvement, in Israel for work as Trophy and Iron Fist. When the war ended 2006, the specialists decided to equip the tank "Merkava-4” the complex of active defense (KAZ) “Trophy” (produced in Israel). This system is able to destroy the threatening car shells ATGM/RPG. That is why Mk.4 is the first foreign MBT with KAZ.

It Should be noted that the first tanks active protection is not established just because of lack of funding. Serial production of the ‘iron giants”, equipped KAZ “Trophy” denoting “Merkava Mk.4M”, began in the last months of 2008. And in 2009, they began to enroll in the army.

In this Israeli uniqueness of the complex is in automatic recharging. In addition, it can hit multiple objects.

Problem

Many saywhat if there is an active armor tank, he will be the winner of any alteration. But all protection systems have General shortcomings. It is unclear how the complex will operate at an impressive vibration. Many ATGM (for example, FGM-148 Javelin) are at the top of the tank, to bypass the secure perimeter. The explosion a few meters from the “iron giant" may damage the equipment placed on the roof. Probably will be damaged and the protective system.

active armor action principle

The final device performance with the need to recharge not protect you from multiple attacks from one side. It is this feature into account when developing RPG-30 is equipped with an advanced warhead that provides the protective devices at the distance safe for rocket-propelled grenades.

T-62

And let's find out what is a T-62 tank with active armor? In General, the T-62 ("Object 166”) – the average Soviet tank. It is constructed on the basis of the T-55. It was produced in the USSR from 1961 to 1975. The world's first car with a smoothbore gun caliber 115 mm and a weight of a medium tank at the maximum reservation (the concept of basic military machines).

History

In the Soviet Union in the 1950s were T-54/55 – basic medium tank. The machine was constantly improved, increased its firepower, but its rifled 100-mm gun D-10T remained the same.

Until 1961 D-10T fought only small-caliber armor-piercing projectiles and by 1950 were no longer able to provide effective engagement of a new medium tank M48 (manufacturing USA). And Western tanks at the time already worked by the piercing warheads with thedynamic pan and the non-rotating shaped warheads that penetrate the armor of Soviet tanks at normal ranges of combat.

On the creation of the T-62 worked for two of the group of Soviet specialists, tank builders 1950-ies. The first was developing new weapons for medium tanks, and the second implemented initiative projects KB Uralvagonzavod – created a promising medium tank replacement for the T-54/55.

Interestingly, in 1958, in KB Uralvagonzavod work was completed on a promising tank ‘the Object 140”. The initiator of the completion of the project was ln. Kartsev, who served as chief designer of the plant. He considered a new car too low-tech and difficult to operate.

active armor t 90

Anticipating this, experts have developed a parallel tank ‘Object 165”, which was a hybrid, consisting of turret and hull "of the Object 140" military area "of the Object 150” and the engine-transmission parts and chassis T-55. Factory testing of the product was completed in 1958: according to the results, the Ministry of defense approved the draft of the second version of “Object 165”, still more close in structure to the serial T-55.

In addition to “Object 165” in the 1950-ies developed a large number of other promising medium tanks. They are armed had to have a new rifled 100 mm gun D-54 (U-8ТС), established in 1953. Compared to D-10, D-54 had the most armor penetration by 25% and initial velocity of its armor-piercing missiles has been increased from 895 to 1015 m/s. But these options were deemed insufficient for a successful fight against Western tanks, and more modern types of shells did not exist.

It Should be noted that the military received serious objections to the presence of D-54 muzzle brake. This device when shooting contributed to the formation of snow, dust or sand cloud giveaway the tank and hindering the observation of the results of the firing. In addition, many have raised concerns that the muzzle wave will have a negative influence on the tank troops and the infantry escort.

Basic tank with active armor T-72B

I Wonder what is a T-72B tank with active armor? This product version of 1985. It is from ancestors characterized by the presence of coordinated missile weapons and powerful armor shielding of the tower. In addition, this machine is equipped with mounted dynamic protection, made of 227 containers, more than half of which are located in the tower.

 t 72B with active armor

It is Known that a tank with active armor T-72B was designed in a period of modernization of the T-72A. Machine is the third generation of the MBT: it is equipped with dynamic protection of the “Contact”, advanced MSA (has two-plane gun stabilizer 2Э42-2 for firing on the move) and a system of coordinated weapons 9К120 “the Svir ' " (equipped with a guiding device 1К13-49). Modernization of the tower resulted in a weight increase to 44.5 tons.

T-90

And what a good active armor T-90? It is known that T-90 "Vladimir" basic military tank Russia. It was created in the late 1980-ies as a profound improvement of the T-72B, called “T-72B modernized”. But in 1992, he joined the army under the designation T-90.

When Potkin V. I. (chief designer of the tank) did not, the government has decided the T-90 to assign the name "Vladimir".

By the Way, in the period from 2001 to 2010, T-90 was considered the best-selling new MBT in the world market.

Interestingly, in 2010 the car the T-90 was bought on contracts for the Russian army at the price of 70 million rubles. By 2011, the cost of the T-90 has increased and amounted to 118 million rubles. With the end of 2011 purchase of T-90 Russian troops wereterminated.

On 9 September 2011 in Nizhny Tagil international exhibition was shown publicly for the T-90CM, the new export model of the T-90.

Active intercession

And T-90 protection is active? Traditional armor he has, is, and dynamic protection. In addition, this machine is equipped with an active protection system constructed of optical-electronic suppression “Blind-1». This device is designed to protect against defeat of the iron giant coordinated anti-tank missiles and constructed from the station «Blind-1" and the device generating the veil.

The Way ‘Blind-1” designed to protect against missiles equipped with semi-automatic guidance system. It is constructed of a pair of modulators, two spotlights infrared OTSHU-1-7 and control panel.

Everyone knows that when protection is active, the armor is impenetrable. The device forming the veil counteracts managed warheads that are equipped with semi-automatic guidance of the laser beam or laser homing. This device also prevents the operation of laser range finders and education smokescreen.

t 62 with active armor

This structure consists of a set of indicators of laser radiation, constructed from the two sensors are rude and the two – accurate location of the direction of the device coordinate and the twelve starting systems for grenades filled with aerosol.

This is a truly unique invention is an active armor. The principle of operation it is the following: if the detected radiation of the tank by laser radiation, the system, forming a curtain, determines the direction of outgoing dangers and alerts the crew. Further, or as directed by the commander of the crew, or automatically carried out by shooting aerosol grenades that creates an aerosol cloud of neutralizing the laser radiation, disrupting the operation of systems of missile guidance. In addition, the newly-minted cloud masks iron machine, turning into a smokescreen.

"Afghani"

So, continue to consider what active armor. "Afghani" - system of active defense (KAZ) tank. It was created by specialists of Russia in 2010 years.

This device prevents damage to heavy armored vehicles against shaped-charge anti-tank missiles (ATGM and COP) and piercing warheads.

Constructed from a radar unit, optical-electronic sensors and laser sighting devices, a pair of blocks conversion, remote control, calculator, set of cables, junction boxes, protective weapons installation in the mines.

Cannon-proof protection is mainly under the tower on the body, so it trudnozazivate for most weapons, unlike the other KAZ. This device radar devices are duplicated. It is equipped with a system for jamming and has the ability to eliminate ammunition, using anti-aircraft machine gun and a basic AESA radar. By the way, this protection circuit is, in fact, can also be considered stand alone complex.

active armor Afghani

The Creators of “Afghanica” has acquired the patent RU 2263268 on the structure of defence, operating on the principle of "nuclear strike" that allows you to shoot down advanced missiles with velocities up to 3000 m/s Today (to the end of state testing) attention is given to the option of speed up to 1700 m/s. Such a device can intercept almost any payload moving at maximum speed.

In the first place "Afghani" is EFP-launched warhead to shoot first in the direction of mounting of the container of the rocket (right), then in any direction you want. The device is able to effectively destroy attacking targets of all types. In the tower are also protected from lateral impacts two types of ammunition, necessary for the production of interference that mask the tank at the moment of attack from a variety of modern anti-tank missiles.

By the Way, the AESA radar is a separate system.

Principle of manipulation

Steps the system operates in the following manner:

  • Use the data received via the communication channels that are hidden from the enemy, from a variety of detection and resistant to interference. The system relies on personal tools of guidance and discovery.
  • Threat Detection through LRS. Models "Afghani" for the T-14 and T-15 threats are tracked through LRS panoramic overview of the type of AFAR with an impressive range of detection.
  • Sets the type of threats in terms of the tasks near protection tools KAZ.

A Sequence of intercept:

  • The Threat of attacked by air defense systems (T-15 uses a 30 mm gun and ATGM anti-aircraft missiles, and T-14 - anti-aircraft machine gun 12.7 mm).
  • Interference with the means of destruction sighting devices, attacking systems. The destruction is conducted by forces of KAZ.
  • Interception of contributorname. The interception is valid in diameter up to twenty meters (and also neutralizes piercing projectiles).

In the launcher tubes "Afghani" located under the tower, can be placed as large rockets, and teams (two or three of ammunition each). The last option corresponds to the logic of the preparatory ejection of the interceptor followed the programmed target shot EFP.

Officially revealed that the upper hemisphere camouflaged KAZ, so there is a possibility to use the software to undermine. Potentially suchinterceptors are placed in cluster anti-tank warhead MLRS caliber of about 200 mm.

By the Way, two types of warheads attached to the roof, can be causes interference and destruction of low-value weapons, attacking EN masse. In addition, the roof of one of the ammunition can function long grenade cover grenade of noise or interference to other frequency ranges.

Thus it is necessary to take into account the total coverage of T-14 and T-15, which very effectively protects against cluster bombs.

We hope that this article will help you in deeper study of active protection of tanks.


Article in other languages:

AR: https://tostpost.com/ar/business/22300-tanks-the-protection-of-which-is-active-active-armor-tank-the-principl.html

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/b-znes/39775-tank-abarona-yak-h-akty-naya-branya-tanka-akty-naya-pryncyp-dzeyannya-.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/business/39284-tanks-deren-schutz-aktiv-ist-r-stung-des-tanks-aktive-funktionsprinzip.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/centro-de/39065-tanques-cuya-protecci-n-est-activa-la-armadura-del-tanque-activo-princ.html

HI: https://tostpost.com/hi/business/23908-tanks-the-protection-of-which-is-active-active-armor-tank-the-principl.html

JA: https://tostpost.com/ja/business/21863-tanks-the-protection-of-which-is-active-active-armor-tank-the-principl.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/biznes/40178-tankter-or-au-olardy-belsend-sauyt-tank-belsend-zh-mys-steu-princip-ne.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/biznes/41974-czo-gi-kt-rych-ochrona-jest-aktywna-pancerz-czo-gu-aktywna-zasada-dzia.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/neg-cios/41603-tanques-de-prote-o-que-est-ativo-tanque-armadura-ativa-princ-pio-de-a-.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/business/36694-tanklar-koruma-hangi-etkindir-armor-tank-aktif-al-ma-prensibi-bulu-akt.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/b-znes/40617-tanki-zahist-yakih-aktivna-bronya-tanka-aktivna-princip-d-vinah-d-akti.html

ZH: https://tostpost.com/zh/business/37148-tanks-the-protection-of-which-is-active-active-armor-tank-the-principl.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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