What are the different types of sections

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2018-03-18 18:11:06

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In any production, the construction industry for the manufacture of components, structures, use of specific images. They represent the object from different points of view and sometimes suggesting the use of the receiving section or section.

This approach to engineering graphics is executed in accordance with defined standards. They clearly stipulate the types of cross sections, allowing us to bring this technology to the standard. This allows the engineers and workers to correctly understand these images. This depends directly on the quality of the entire production process and the end result of the work of the organization. Therefore, the creation of images special requirements.

Standard implementation of

The Implementation of schematics, sections, various types of sections, cones, beams, applying them to the drawings reglamentary different standards. The main one is the unified system for design documentation (ESKD) "Image - types, cuts, sections".

This standard was introduced on 1 January 1968. He States that the image is viewed as a projection of the object onto a plane at a certain angle. GOST "Image - types, cuts, sections," says that such drawings should be a minimum amount. But thanks to them, the specialist must receive full information about the object.sections

So all the images according to their content, GOST divides on views, sections and cuts. This document sets out the types of designations, labels and signs.

GOST 2.305-08 reglamentary that all images must be displayed on the drawing with the help of technology orthogonal (rectangular) projection. Ideally, the subject is in the middle between the observer and the design surface.

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But due to the fact that some of the nodes and elements require consideration from a different angle, this condition is violated. Therefore, the types of cross sections, drawings of which are used in production are called images. For their implementation standards reglamentary a number of simplifications and abbreviations.

The Concept of species, cut and sections

Sections, section, types are the three main categories in building drawings engineering graphics. They have different contents. Therefore deserve detailed consideration.

Image kinds of sections section

A View is called the drawing of the workpiece surface that faces the observer. To simplify the work of the engineer, at a figure allowed by dotted lines to indicate unseen surface.

The Main view image details to front. But there are other varieties. Detail is also depicted left, top, right, rear or bottom.

Section is a drawing of the part that is mentally split the plane (one or several). The cut will show what is in the cutting plane and behind it.

And here section is also called the consideration of the item at which its particular image of the cut plane. But shown only what was in this section plane. That it, the drawing is not visible.

These definitions are taken into account by the specialist performing technological tasks with the use of engineering graphics.

External and imposed sections

The Standard ISO views, sections, cross sections reveals with a particular classification. According to this approach, we can better understand the approval standards of the graphic images details.

The Sections are made or imposed. Both of these subspecies are not part of the section.ESKD kinds of sections section

It is Preferable to use engineering graphics to rendered section. They are usually placed in the gap between the constituent elements of the same type.

This circuit (and the image included in the cut) is applied with thick lines on the drawing. If the cross section is imposed, its borders are marked with solid but thin borders.

To specify the axis of symmetry of these images, use dashes. They are applied thinly and does not represent any letters or arrows.

But to denote the trace of the section plane you want to apply a thick open line. Referred to arrows, which make clear viewing direction.

The Very same plane of dissection represent Russian capital letters. The inscription section view of circuits, assemblies or components is of the type "Ah."

At the same final and initial strokes should not intersect the contour. Letter designations are assigned in alphabetical order without repetitions or omissions. The font size should be 2 times the digit size.

The Letters are arranged relative to the sheet in parallel. And this is regardless of the clipping plane.

The Position of the clipping plane

Depending on the plane position, there are several varieties of images that reglamentary GOST. Views, sections, cross sections, according to the standard rules will be determined in space relative to a horizontal plane.

Accordingly, the dissecting plane can pass through the object horizontally, vertically or at an angle.

GOST image types of breakdown cross-section

In the first case, a cross-sectional view seen transversely, parallel to the horizontal plane. In many drawings of this type of engineering drawing called plan. Such slices can also have different names in each production process.

Vertical sections involve the location of the slice perpendicular to the base. And inclined varieties to form between the horizontal and the secant planes a certain angle. It is different from the direct.

Vertical sections are the frontal (parallel to the front of the line projection) or the profile (parallel to the profile projection lines).

If the cut is directed along the height or length of the subject is a longitudinal cross-section. But sometimes a different orientation of the drawing. There are types of cross sections, which are perpendicular to the orientation of the section plane, with respect to the length or height of the object.

In the drawing the location of the section indicated by the arrows and indicated by a broken line.

Number of clipping planes

For simple details is enough to use only one section plane. It's enough to understand how the technician needs to manufacture this part. But for complex workpieces that is not enough. For example, there are types of beam sections which need to mentally cut it in more complex ways.

This standards reglamentary to use multiple clipping planes. They can be broken or stepped. The orientation of the planes in this question plays an important role.

GOST kinds of sections section

The Angle at which they relate to each other, and determines the title. If the planes combine to form a straight angle, it is a step cut. When this ratio is characterized by a different inclination, the cross section of the polyline.

For complex sections at the intersections of the planes carried out between strokes. On the final and initial of them the arrow is pointing in the direction of gaze of the observer. They are located 2-3 mm from the barcode. About the shooter put the letters in the intersections with the outer corner. The cut in this case is always marked by the type "A-A".

Partial section

Section are allowed to perform only one specific point of the object. Such limited consideration of the device of the workpiece is called local. It can be applied anywhere on the drawing with the arrow pointing in the associated area of the image. It is convenient to image a long, but permanent in the form section objects.View cross sections

Such an image may be limited to the lowest line of the cliff. Types of wires due to their long length can be performed using this approach.

This cut stands out on the background image of solid wavy line. These lines do not coincide with other boundaries of the drawing.

The Local cross-section is denoted in the image by type "A". From the associated view also indicates the appropriate letter designation.

Additional section

Image (views, sections, cross sections) can be performed on the planes non-parallel to the main sections of the projections. They are called additional. This approach to engineering graphics is used when it is impossible to show without distorting the forms or dimensions of any part of the subject on the basic types.

This section is signed the type "A". An additional section view object is associated with it by the arrow and sign a similar letter. The index also makes clear the direction of gaze of the observer.

If the optional cut is located directly on the projection of the corresponding image, the label and arrow to put on the drawing is not necessary.

Additional sections can be rotated. But the important thing is the location of the object is retained. To the inscription of type "A" is added, the sign of the rotation.

This approach allows you to avoid applying hatching to the drawing. It is difficult to understand and impair the purity of the image. Because such techniques improve the quality of the graphics.

Symmetry

The Types of cross sections allowed to locate in the gap that is formed between parts of the same image. This can make it unplayable.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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