Methods and means of information protection

The Methods and means of computer information protection is a set of various measures, hardware and software, ethical and legal standards, which are intended to counteract threats of attacks and to minimize possible damage to system owners and users of information.

Consider the following varieties of traditional measures to counter the leakage of information from the computer.

Technical methods and means of information protection

This includes:

• Protection against unauthorized access to a computer system;
• Backup all your important computer subsystems;
• Networking with the possibility to reallocate resources if there is a malfunction of individual network links;
• Installation of equipment for detecting and extinguishing fires;
• Installation of equipment for detection of water;
• The adoption of measures to protect against theft, sabotage, sabotage, explosions;
• Installing the backup power system;
• Equipping the premises with locks;
• Alarm.

Organizational methods and means of information protection

This includes:

• Protection servers
• Carefully organized recruitment;
• An exception of such cases, when all critical work is performed by one person;
• Develop a plan to recover the server in a situation when it fails;
• Universal protection from any user (even senior management).

Methods unauthorized access to information

The above is not Enough to know methods and means of information protection, it is necessary to understand how they can be made to information unauthorised access.

Note that unauthorized access of important information can occur during the repair or maintenance of computers due to the fact that the residual information in the media can be read, despite the fact that the user promptly removed it the normal method. Another way – when information is read from the media, if it is transported without protection.

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Modern computers based on integrated circuits, in which implemented high-frequency changes in the levels of currents and voltages. This leads to the fact that power circuits, nearby equipment, ether, etc. there are electromagnetic fields and interference which are some “spyware” technical means can easily be transformed into information that is processed. Thus, the smaller the distance from the receiver of the malefactor to the hardware, the more likely that to remove and decrypt information succeed. Introduction to information bearing unauthorized, and possibly also due to the direct connection by an attacker “spyware” means to network equipment and communication channels.

Methods and ways of information protection: authentication and identification

Identification is the assignment of subject or object a unique image or name. And authentication is to check whether the subject/object who is trying to give itself. The ultimate goal of both measures – the admission of the subject/object to the information that is in limited use or denial of such permit. The authenticity of the object may be a program, hardware device or person. The objects/subjects of authentication and identification can be: hardware (workstations, monitors, subscriber stations), people (operators, users), the information on the monitor, magnetic media, etc.

Methods and means of information protection: the use of passwords

Password is a set of characters (letters, numbers, etc.), which is designed to determine the object/subject. When there is a question about what password to choose and install, the question always arises about the size, the method of application of resistance to the selection by an attacker. It is logical that the longer the password, the higher the level of security it will provide to the system, as it will take much more effort for him to guess/pick up combination.

But even if the password is a strong password, it must be periodically replaced with a new one, to reduce the risk of interception with the direct theft of the carrier or the withdrawal from media copy, either by violent force the user to say “magic” word.