Who is the false 2? What was in reality the reign of the false Dmitry 2?

I'm Sure many from my school years I remember the phrase “Tushino thief”. The fact that under this nickname meant the false 2, most have learned from the lessons of national history.

Biography impostor

Still do not know neither the real name nor origin of this enigmatic personality. There are only a very careful and almost baseless assumptions about who in reality was false Dmitry 2. Biography impostor is a "white spot". According to one version he was the son of the priest. Another source tells us that the false 2 had Jewish roots in the seedy province, but reliable data is missing. Speaking of such a personality as false Dmitry 2 briefly, we can say with confidence, adventurism, which is characteristic of any Russian person, as well as susceptibility to the influence of others played in his life a pernicious role.

There was an impostor in the summer of 1607 at Starodub. All his short life took place in local skirmishes and wars. The strategy of the false Dmitry 2 was based on the version that his predecessor had survived after the revolt in Moscow. Despite the trick, he was less fortunate. The reign of false Dmitry 2 did not take place, as he has failed to reach the capital to be crowned. His main hope was in the troops of Ivan Bolotnikov. The pretender believed that they will help to capture Moscow, but substantial assistance Bolotnikov could not give it.

Politics

In the Bank victories of the false Dmitry was listed only 2 local short-term triumphs. It is surprising the fact that he is able to put under its banner, even a slight force. The path through the ladder to the goal he started with a trip to the Belarusian city – Propoisk and Starodub. Showing courage, the impostor had Dimitrii Ioannovich. For a short period of time he managed to gain the trust of a large number of people and to gather in their surroundings the soldiers of the Polish gentry, the Treasury and the rebels of Ivan Bolotnikov. Under the guidance of this dubious entity the group moved in the direction of Bryansk and Tula. The first triumphs inspired the army. During the siege of the capital half of the local nobility over to the 2 false Dmitry, who claimed the Russian throne. After defeating Vasily Shuysky, the pretender was defeated near Khimki on Krasnaya Presnya. Nevertheless, he managed to set up camp in the Moscow suburb of Tushino. It formed a local boyar Duma, began to act its regulations and orders. False Dmitry 2 controlled the territory North of Moscow, he was subjected to major cities such as Vladimir, Yaroslavl, Vologda, Suzdal, Rostov. After the capture of the last units brought in Tushino captured Metropolitan Filaret Romanov, where he was proclaimed the Patriarch. Significant support was provided by people's excitement, underpinned by dissatisfaction with government and the boyars Basil Shuisky.

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Expansion

Meanwhile, in the pursuit of power and easy money in Jul 1608 in Tushino arrived Marina Mnishek, who was the official widow of false Dmitry 1. Under the terms of the Treaty of the armistice with the poles, she was released into the wild. Opportunity to “the Tushino thief” the woman admitted from her husband, who supposedly was saved. Of course, this fact once again confirmed the status of the false pretender in the eyes of others. Subsequently, the couple were secretly married, and they had a son.

Power Polish invaders

The country was finally set to anarchy. In Tushino court was divided and ruled by the poles. In their hands was the management, they corrected the actions of his puppets: the politics of the ocean 2 was completely controlled by the poles. Using this, the poles willingly plundered and ravaged the ordinary peasants. Infinite assault raids began to run into armed responses of the townspeople and peasants.

In the period from September 1608 to January 1610 the troops of Poland and Lithuania laid siege to the Trinity-Sergiev monastery. Despite the difficult situation, the defenders of the monastery managed to repel all enemy attacks and to defend the Shrine.

The Polish invaders in 1609 attempted to capture Smolensk, but it was not successful. Also failed to put a Russian on the throne of his Prince - Wladyslaw.

The Inglorious end

Thanks to the efforts of a remarkable military leader and superb strategist – Skopin-Shumsky M. B. false 2 plans upset. In 1609, the Tushino camp finally disbanded. Assembled rabble did not want anyone to obey, everyone just wanted easy money. False Dmitry 2 found no other choice but to flee to Kaluga. But there he could not find a rescue: death found an impostor in the Kaluga region, where he was shot dead by his own servitors – brilliantly Urusov P.

Meanwhile, the fate of Ivan Bolotnikov, who supported falsdmitry 2, was no less sad. He was first blinded and then killed with a blow of a club on the head. Bolotnikov lifeless body was thrown into a hole.

Chronology

Thus, if we analyze the pathFalse Dmitry 2 briefly, we can distinguish several stages:

-1607 year - the appearance of an impostor, who presented the survivors with False Dmitry 1;

- 1608 - the formation of its own army from the remnants of the troops of different colors;

-11 may 1608 – the defeat of the government troops, under the guidance of Shuya, the formation of the Tushino camp, the capture of new lands;

-1609 year – the emergence in camp of strife, the weakening of the false Dmitry 2;

-1610 year – the dissolution of the Tushino camp, and desertion of false Dmitry 2 in Kaluga;

-11 Dec 1610 – the murder of the pretender betrayed his Peter brilliantly Urusov.

The location of the remains of the false Dmitry 2 is not known, but it is believed that they are one of the region's churches.