The geographical location of the taiga. Geography of taiga

Taiga – this is a significant forest area. The geographical location of the taiga is quite extensive-it occupies the Northern part of Asia, Canada, the Far East and Europe. Climate, flora and fauna in this area is quite diverse. The extreme southern border of the taiga is located in the Northern part of the island of Hokkaido (Japan), and the North on the Taimyr Peninsula.

Temperature

The region is characterized by severe and long winters and warm but short summers. In winter the temperature can drop down to -50°C in Yakutia and Canada and up to -25°C in the Ussuri taiga. Winters are cold with the loose deep snow, and the summer he's pretty hot with lots of mosquitoes and midges. In the summer in Canada and the far East is observed from 27 to 30°C heat. In the far East the summers are quite hot and rainy, and winters are windy. In Western Siberia the winters are snowy and summers are mainly dry.

Spring in such regions comes later. Only at the beginning of April the snow begins to melt. When it seems that the heat comes, the next day can suddenly go bad weather, and again came the cold and the snow falls. The leaves on the trees usually appear only in late may or early June.

The Geographical location of the taiga contributes to the fact that summer here starts in June and ends in August. But at the same time it can be quite hot. In this regard, frequent forest fires. Less summer can be rainy and cold. In early June, with occasional snowfall.

Types and features of the taiga

Distinguish 2 types of taiga

- light;

- spruce and fir (the most common).

Geography of the taiga is that it is located in the humid temperate zone. The basis of its vegetation are coniferous. The taiga zone was formed even before the ice age. Taiga is also divided into subzones: Northern, middle and southern. At the latitude of slowness of this region is considered one of the greatest climates on the planet.

Recommended

"Knowledge is light and ignorance is darkness": the value, meaning and alternatives

There are some sayings that would seem to need no explanation, such as “teaching & ndash; light and ignorance – darkness”. But some still do not understand their meaning. But not only for such people is written by our article. I...

What was invented by Mendeleev for the army. The history and fate of the invention

D. I. Mendeleev was a brilliant Russian scientist-polymath, who made many important discoveries in various fields of science and technology. Many people know that he is the author of “Fundamentals of chemistry" and the periodic law of chem...

The origin of the Slavs. The influence of different cultures

Slavs (under this name), according to some researchers, appeared in the story only in 6 century ad. However, the language of nationality bears the archaic features of the Indo-European community. This, in turn, suggests that the origin of the Slavs h...

Geographical location of the taiga in Russia

The largest natural zone of Russia is taiga. It stretches wide and continuous band across the entire state up to the Pacific ocean. Its greatest width – in Western Siberia (about 2000 km). In this location the taiga plains will connect with the mountain taiga of the Sayan and Baikal region. If you pay attention to the geographical position of the natural zone of taiga in Russia, it becomes clear why she is so beautiful.

For the Russian taiga is typical sufficient, and excess moisture. There are many lakes and swamps. Surface runoff in this area is higher than in other natural zones. A relatively large density of the river network. Fed rivers mainly by melted snow waters. In connection with the fact almost every spring there is a flood.

Taiga – is a big place, where are the coniferous forests. To the West from the Yenisey river had formed sod-podzolic and podzolic soils, and to the East – permafrost-taiga.

Vegetation

The Geographical location of the taiga affects the diversity of flora and fauna. For temperate and Subpolar climatic zones typical of the boreal coniferous forest. Overall there are about 30 endemic families of vascular plants, which usually consist of single species and often monotypic.

In the region, there are forests of larch, spruce, fir, pine and Siberian pine. In the forest there are also deciduous species such as birch, alder and aspen.

Fauna

In General, the taiga fauna is much richer than in the tundra zone. In North America, is a widespread family of pronghorn and family of rodents. In Central Asia meet selevinia. In the subarctic zone are widely distributed family of wormholes, rabbit, misook, squirrel, Kozhanov, hamsters, voles and mustelids. In the Northern part of Eurasia and North America is inhabited by squirrels, gray voles, shrews, hares, beavers, bighorn sheep, ermine, polar and brown bears, deer, elk, bighorn sheep and others.

The Geographical location of the taiga zone, covering the coast of the Arctic ocean, has a beneficial effect on life in this region, the following animals and birds, walrus, loons, seals, polar bear, seagulls. Lives in the tundra wolf, lemming, ptarmigan, hare, white owl. Taiga is home to migratory birds: swans, geese, terns, ducks, sandpipers. They nest in these regions during the short Northern summer. In the spring the reindeer migrate to the Northern regions, where it breeds, and in the winter returned to the forest. This is due to the fact that winter is a relatively thin layer of snow, which facilitates the production of animal feed.

The Geographical location of the taiga in Russia contributes to the fact that there are lynx, wolf, Wolverine, brown bear, sable, marten, ermine, Arctic Fox, moose, musk deer. Here is also found in beaver, squirrels, voles, raccoon dog, Chipmunk, flying squirrel, pika. Among the birds of note is the woodpecker,various types of owl, Nutcracker, Jay, crossbill, black grouse.

Further South, in the deciduous and mixed forests, all large animals were almost completely exterminated in the result of the development of the territories of man. Today is preserved only a small population of beaver, boar, deer, brown bear, elk, red deer, mink and badger.

Protection of the taiga

Arrays of the Siberian taiga and the taiga of Eurasia is called “light” of our planet. The condition of these forests is, in fact, depends on the carbon and oxygen balance near-ground atmospheric layer. Human activity harms this unique landscape. To protect the data zones in Eurasia and North America created many national parks and reserves.

Taiga – it's harsh and at the same time a very picturesque region. Its main wealth-the forest, rivers, animals and minerals. Here are oil, coal and gas. Humanity is simply obliged to closely protect and conserve these areas.