What is a household? The functions of the household. The household

It is the state of the household directly affects the well-being of the population and its material well-being. Currently, the rural household is a massive economic entity, it draws the attention of the government, many small farmers benefits and financial benefits. It is the household in the modern market economy is considered an indicator of social policy, and therefore deserves close attention from government agencies.

What is a household?

Let's Try to understand what the household, what are its distinctive features. It is a multidimensional phenomenon, concerning all spheres of modern society. Interest in home improvement show:

• Legal;
• Teachers of educational institutions;
• Representatives of statistical services;
• Sociologists;
• Economists;
• Well-known politicians.

Study and housekeeping – task of the state, particularly relevant in today's economic realities. Interest in the household due to the difficult demographic situation in the country, many problems of rural areas. In our country a lot of vacant land, which are trying to develop potential farmers.

Types of households

The First mention of the household are found in the pipes of the ancient Athenian philosopher Xenophon (430-355 BC). The philosopher described the basic functions of the household, offered the cultivation of crops, was talking about gardening.

Not remained aloof from this problem and Aristotle, it was he who introduced the term “economy” as the counterpart of the household, was theoretically justified the household. The main objective of the private sector Aristotle put making a profit, increase wealth.

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Household

In 1861, the Swiss historian J. Bachofen published his book “the Parent right”, which became the beginning of the study households. In it, the Swiss described the basic rules of running a home, made conclusions about the importance of home Economics.

The household has gone a long way of evolution associated with the development of the land.

So what is a household? This activity of the family, group of people, a particular person who live in a particular area, to ensure all the products necessary for a normal life. This farm is selected the owner, who is the leader. He solves the problems associated with economic problems and obligations. The owner decides the material plane, it has a responsibility for the welfare of all members of the economy. Basically together to conduct joint activities of relatives, friends, acquaintances. Currently, there are different households in the economy, they already managed to show its relevance and necessity.

Types of households

There are options:

• Family home;
• Transnational household.

If the first option involves living together of all family members, in the second case, the representatives of the households may live in different countries, to have a material relationship with each other.

Household

This structure helps to keep the community of interest, kinship, the interests. In order to understand what the household, it is necessary to list its main functions:

• Reproduction of the workforce (birth and parenting);
• The creation of human capital;
• Social (support disabled family members);
• Creation of interpersonal relationships;
• Meet the individual needs of each family member;
• Saving and accumulation of assets (material, spiritual);
• The development of entrepreneurial talent.

In Addition to the assets owned by the household has land, money and labor. Some of the costs of the household kompensiruet due to the natural exchange. Most of the needs of the household decides as a result of economic transactions with other economies.

Any households in the economy play an important role, promote the use of land resources, the employment of residents. This segment involves the development, personality formation, development of material and spiritual needs of individual families. The basic rules of the household are inextricably linked with working morality, social norms. It represents the link between the labor market, consumer products and financial market.

The characteristics of the household

In order to understand what the household, we note that economists have developed to a certain features:

• Maximize profits for all members of the community;
• Joint activities;
• The constructed nature of everyday life.

Types of household

Professionals, there are five optionsfarms, given the family ties between family members.

1. The First type is a farm that has only one owner.
2. The Second type of household associates of close relatives, do not have marital obligations.
3. The Third type of economy is organizing a married couple with children.
4. In the fourth type, in addition to couples, there may be other relatives.
5. Fifth option involves large-scale multi-family sector, which is composed of several families.

Classification of households

All households are divided according to the following criteria:

• Demographic characteristic involving non-family and family households, the number of members, age and sex characteristics;
• Geographically regional basis, concerning the nature of housing, availability of transport, size of the land plot;
• Profitability is based on one person with all the types of earned income;
• Economic characteristic that is associated with the activity orientation of the company;
• Labor symptom, implying the number of employees, their vocational training;
• Social symptom associated with the family income.

The value of the households in a market economy

It allows to provide the necessary level of consumer demand, which is necessary for the functioning of economic market. Household consumption associated with a monetary investment, it helps to operate the banking system. Such farms are able to be factors of production, provide an opportunity for ordinary people to develop their entrepreneurial skills.

Every household cooperates with other options of business entities:

• Market services and consumer goods;
• Market of factors of production;
• Financial market.

Examples of households for students

Conducting a practical lesson, “household” (grade 6) teacher notes the importance of each member of the household, a clear division between rights and responsibilities. As a simple example of a home business that you can tell students, here is the cultivation of vegetables (potatoes). This type of business is suitable for families living in rural areas. What should I tell my children?

The Teacher explains to the children the purpose of this business and its features. Children will learn about the types of soil suitable for potato cultivation. Working in groups, students propose their business plans, study of initial financial literacy. The teacher talks about the possible financial risks of growing this crop, about ways of storing potatoes. GEF activities involve the project or the research activities of each student, to make the project on the basis of his own household.

Economics for girls

Despite the many reforms in the modern education system, the craft's lessons girls continue to get the skills to conduct their own household. Future mistress get initial information, planning the family budget, learn to count your monthly budget. In addition, the lessons the girls learn the basics of cooking, to know the recipes, learn to embroider, sew, knit.

GEF involves the development, conduct, and performance of girls own project. Most often it is based is the household. For example, a technology project in grade 5 may be associated with the creation of beautiful lace doilies. The finished product a girl can give to mom, grandma or implemented at the school fair, receiving for their labor remuneration. During such activities the children learn the basics of entrepreneurship, which will help them in the future to create a successful private household.

Conclusion

Since ancient times people kept house, provided himself, his family with food, clothing. Since then, time has passed, but the relevance of the household has not diminished. In order to survive in the challenging economic environment, many families move from big cities to the countryside.

Among the most common types of households, bringing a good income, highlight the growing cattle and breeding birds. For example, the breeding and rearing of sheep not just brings a good income, but can be a real launching pad for big business. The household does not differ from large industrial enterprises. Structure of business organization, the method of sale of products, the desire to obtain maximum profit from sales of characteristic and small farm households and large companies.

The Main difference of the household are its small size, the employment of friends and relatives. Household financial market is not limited to monetary savings, it implies a more serious relationship with financial institutions. Loans that receive a small farm, give them the opportunity to develop.

Households focused on growing your own produce notjust helping people to survive in difficult economic conditions, but also give hope for tomorrow.