International migration of population

International migration – the movement of people crossing national borders. Citizens entering the country are called immigrants who travel outside of the state – immigrants.

Migration is classified into several types.

So, the movement of people crossing borders can be a continuous (timeless) nature. In this case, the citizens moved for permanent residence in the host country.

There is a migration temporarily constant. Stay in the country in this case, generally limited to a period of six years (due to professional, family, age and sex characteristics of persons entering, but also because of continued dependence on the state of departure). Such migrants in international statistics are called "temporary working contract", "long-term immigrants and the immigrants" or "permanent migrant workers".

Short-term entry (within one year) are called seasonal. As a rule, migrants in this case enter the state to work in industries that have seasonal character (e.g. in the service sector, agriculture).

A type of seasonal movement of citizens is nomadism. This migration of the population distributed mainly in the middle East, in West Africa. As a kind of seasonal movement, there is a pilgrimage to the Holy places.

Pendulum migration (cross-border Shuttle) – typically daily (in rare cases, weekly) population movement across the border and back. Citizens arriving in the country for work are called "working" frontaliere". This type of migration became quite common in North America and Western Europe. For example, tens of thousands of people daily cross the border of USA and Canada.

Recommended

"Knowledge is light and ignorance is darkness": the value, meaning and alternatives

There are some sayings that would seem to need no explanation, such as “teaching & ndash; light and ignorance – darkness”. But some still do not understand their meaning. But not only for such people is written by our article. I...

What was invented by Mendeleev for the army. The history and fate of the invention

D. I. Mendeleev was a brilliant Russian scientist-polymath, who made many important discoveries in various fields of science and technology. Many people know that he is the author of “Fundamentals of chemistry" and the periodic law of chem...

The origin of the Slavs. The influence of different cultures

Slavs (under this name), according to some researchers, appeared in the story only in 6 century ad. However, the language of nationality bears the archaic features of the Indo-European community. This, in turn, suggests that the origin of the Slavs h...

Deserves special attention this kind of migration, as illegal. Citizens illegally enter other countries in search of work. For example, the U.S. border from Mexico every year passes more than a million people. Illegal immigrants are called, and those who entered the country legally (as tourists or invited), but later settled illegally to work in the host state.

The Number of clandestine migrants increased significantly since 1970. To estimate their exact number is almost impossible. For example, in the USA the number of clandestine immigrants is in the range from two to fifteen millions in Europe – from 1.3 to 5 million, in Japan-from three hundred thousand to a million people.

Reasons for migration in such cases are connected with political, environmental and economic conditions. Mostly, clandestine migrants are quite powerless and cheap labor for businesses.

The Forced crossing of borders is also related to the environmental and political situation in the country. Such population movements has become apparent in 1980-90-ies. During this period, the migration of people has become enormous. This, in turn, has caused many problems. Displacement acquired then the nature of the global and has affected many countries in the world. So, according to statistics, about 87% of refugees are settled in developing countries. To 90 years increased dramatically the number of internally displaced persons who have entered the economically developed countries on short-term visas remaining with a request for asylum.

A Special kind of migration is episodic population movements. Associated with the crossing of borders in this case exclusively with international tourism or other trips abroad.