Notable people - who are they? Notable people of the 19th century

The term “notable people” has become historicism. And it was the determining factor in the fate of a person. This helped to achieve high positions in the state, to obtain a rich dowry, to achieve success, wealth and respect of others.

Consider this small article, who were noble people. What advantages did they have? What responsibilities were the nobles of the people? And also refer to the history of Russia of the 19th century.

The meaning of the word “noble”

People are always treated to some categories of the society. Who were called noble? Modern dictionaries use different ways to describe the meaning of the word. There is a historical and modern interpretation. From the point of view of history, it belongs to noble family. Modernity says that this people, famous for their merit (dictionary of S. I. Ozhegov and N. A. Ushakov).

Of Course, we are interested in the first meaning of the word "noble". The people to whom you can apply this concept – kind of the elite of society. A distinctive feature is the right to transfer their achievements by inheritance. Thus, children inherit not only the property of parents, but also their titles, in other words, social services and the right to use them.

How did you know?

The Stratum of nobles was formed in ancient communities, exerting its influence on government. It kept its importance in the Middle ages, only lost it at the end of the 19th century. Modern society no longer values the aristocracy as it was before (although in the West the nobles retained their titles and ranks). This circumstance is connected with what is important is not the merit of the ancestors of a person but his own initiative and the ability to take a high social position.

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A man of noble birth in the age of monarchism

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The idea of monarchy and championship of the nobility is based on the idea that government can rule the chosen people, the anointed one of God, whom God entrusted the management of. The nobles, by implementing the function of control and supervision of the common people, pass it on to their children, as the same favourites. After all, they chose the Lord, enabling them to be born into an illustrious and noble family.

By the way, know in different European countries and of Russia was determined on different grounds. It was the military prowess, the ability to faithfully serve his monarch that the wealth and so on. Money gradually supplanted all the others, and to the beginning of the era of capitalist relations was valued more than the various titles of nobility.

Notable people in Russia of the 19th century

Who are the notable people of the 19th century? Russian nobility was divided into two main classes: personal and hereditary. The latter was a know that time. That included all the famous aristocratic families of Russia, part of which led her story of Rurik (old nobility), and some nestlings of Peter the Great (a proper gentleman).

In the early 18th century, these two elite groups were opposed to each other. On the nobility as a soldier Stroy was based the Peter the Great, his he contrasted the lazy and mired in squabbles and division of property the old Russian nobility. However, things have changed since the reign of Catherine the great, who, upon ascending the throne, granted liberty to the entire noble class of Russia, freeing him from compulsory service to the state. Since then began a new phase in the history of the Russian nobility that ended with the tragic events of February and October 1917.

Noble family of Russia of the 19th century

In the 19th century notable people of Russia have joined, showing a mere 1.2% of the total population of the Empire. They were representatives of different genera that can be divided into several groups.

1. Pole ancient nobility – the oldest stratum of the nobility. She was treated by the descendants of Rurik, and Grand Dukes and heirs to the Golden Horde commanders, who crossed the Russian service. The names of these people were recorded in special books – columns, hence the origin of the name.
2. Notable people with the titles. This part of the aristocracy could boast of princely, Ducal, and baronial titles granted to their ancestors for special merits before the country and the sovereign.
3. Hereditary nobles who acquired nobility through receipt of their ancestors special patent, military merit or success in the civil service.
4. A Foreign nobility, which included representatives of the aristocracy attached to the Russian States and regions (Georgia, Ossetia, Armenia, etc.).
5. Personal noblemen, received the status for meritorious service, but not able to transfer it to their heirs.

Benefitsused by notable people

What property was owned by the nobility? What could they afford? Even A. S. Pushkin wrote that among the main advantages of noble people in Russia was the right of ownership and a special freedom. In addition, noble people could afford to own large property as the following:

• Estates and villages inhabited by the souls of serfs (serfs were forbidden to kill by the will of the owner, and to sell them separately from their village);
• Houses in the cities and other real estate.

In addition, for privileged people was much easier procedure for commercial activities, they could obtain a higher education, were exempt from military service (until 1874), and by the desire to serve has entered the service already officers (in contrast to ordinary people, which ran for 25 years strap military service), etc.

Thus, as we have seen, the nobility of origin until a certain time in our country and around the world meant a lot. A man of noble birth was superior to their peers from more simple classes and receive the benefits of life, which ordinary people could only dream of.