Root: the structure of the root. Types of roots (biology)

Date:

2018-09-04 07:00:27

Views:

971

Rating:

1Like 0Dislike

Share:

Table of contents:

One of the most important parts of the plant is the root. It ensures the normal functioning of trees, herbs, shrubs and even water plants. It often happens that the aboveground part of the plant — is just the tip of the iceberg. Much of it may be underground. It is no coincidence that the roots are so great because they have very important functions. Let's take a closer look at the amazing features of the plant world.

Root Functions

The Roots of each plant perform a range of tasks, which may vary from species to species, but in most cases these tasks are the same as for trees and their smaller counterparts. The roots of trees and other above-ground plants allow them to stay in the upright position, to resist wind and animals. This is especially true for large trees because of their mass and height. The root system of aquatic plants helps them to attach to the bottom, and also prevents turning of some of them.the root of the structure of the root

Another function of the roots — nutritional. They absorb water and minerals from the soil and deliver them to the right place. They also synthesize some amino acids, alkaloids and other elements needed by plants. Some of the plants do store nutrients directly in the roots (mainly starch and other carbohydrates). Also do not forget about such thing as mycorrhiza-the symbiosis of plants with fungi. A key role is played by the root. The structure of the root is such that some plants reproduce using it root suckers.

Recommended

"Knowledge is light and ignorance is darkness": the value, meaning and alternatives

There are some sayings that would seem to need no explanation, such as “teaching & ndash; light and ignorance – darkness”. But some still do not understand their meaning. But not only for such people is written by our article. I...

What was invented by Mendeleev for the army. The history and fate of the invention

What was invented by Mendeleev for the army. The history and fate of the invention

D. I. Mendeleev was a brilliant Russian scientist-polymath, who made many important discoveries in various fields of science and technology. Many people know that he is the author of “Fundamentals of chemistry" and the periodic law of chem...

The origin of the Slavs. The influence of different cultures

The origin of the Slavs. The influence of different cultures

Slavs (under this name), according to some researchers, appeared in the story only in 6 century ad. However, the language of nationality bears the archaic features of the Indo-European community. This, in turn, suggests that the origin of the Slavs h...

Types of roots

Depending on the structure and function that they have, there are different types of roots. The first — home. It grows from a seed during its germination, to then become the main axis of the entire root system. In addition to the main root there are also adventitious. They are formed out of various places — on stems or on leaves, and in some cases even the flowers. Another view of — lateral roots. They appear in the main or adventitious roots and branch out to the sides, forming new and new branches.

Root system

All the roots available to the plant forming the root system. Depending on the roles of the various roots in the life of their master, there are two types of systems — rod and fibrous. The first section has a focus on the main root, which grows most intensively. In this type the core is developing significantly more effective than lateral. However, the difference can be noticed mainly at the initial stage of growth. Over time, lateral roots start to catch up with its main counterpart, and in older plants they are even more than the main. The core system is typical for dicotyledonous plants.grass roots

The Second type is distinguished by the opposite core features of the root. Such a system is called fibrous. It is characteristic of monocots and is distinguished by its numerous adventitious and lateral processes, zapolnaya the space under the plant. The main root usually is poorly developed or virtually undeveloped.

Root. The structure of the root

Each root is divided into several zones, each of which has its own unique function. One of the most important — area division. It is at the tip of each root and is responsible for its growth in length. There are constantly multiply a myriad of small cells. Such a process allows this part of the root to carry out their difficult task. But the area of the division is useless without root shaped case, which is at the end of each spine. It represents the fused layers of cells that protect the dividing cells from mechanical damage. In addition, the root-shaped case highlights a kind of mucus, which contributes to the promotion of roots in the soil.stalk root

The Next segment in the root-zone stretching. It is located just behind the area of the division and is characterized in that its cells are constantly growing, although they almost completely lack of fission. Then there is the intake area — the place where drawn from the soil water and mineral substances. This is due to miriada tiny hairs that cover the area. They significantly increase the absorption area. Each thread works like a pump, sucking from the soil all that is necessary. Then there is the area of the responsible for the transport of water minerals upward. Also from here we descended down the elements responsible for the activity of the root system. This part is very strong and it grow lateral roots.

Cross section

If you cut the root, you can see the layers of which it consists. First comes the skin with a width of only one cell. Under it you can see the root-parenchyma. It is through her loose tissue water with minerals flows into the axial cylinder. Forms his Paracambi — the educational plant tissue, which usually surrounds the conductive fabrics.root features Around the conducting cylinder are tightly closed cells of the endoderm. They are waterproof, which makes the life-giving water and minerals to move up. But then the liquid isgets inside? This is due to the special crossing cells located in the endoderm. In most cases the roots of the grass, trees, shrubs, have this structure, although sometimes there are differences.

Mycorrhiza

Often the roots of the trees are the place of their symbiosis with other life forms. The most frequent partners of the plants are fungi.

This phenomenon is called mycorrhiza, which stands for "grimacing". It's hard to believe, but most of the trees are dependent on a fruitful Alliance with the mycelium. Familiar birches, maples and oaks derive a lot of benefits from this symbiosis. types of roots

During the interaction of a fungus with the roots there is an exchange in which the mycelium gives the tree essential mineral nutrients in return for carbohydrates. This evolutionary course has allowed many species of plants live in conditions unsuitable for their kind. Moreover, some representatives of the flora would not exist at all if not for the mycorrhiza. In addition to the symbiosis with fungi has beneficial cooperation with bacteria, which uses the root. The structure of the root in this case will differ from habitual to us. It is possible to detect nodules which are home to special bacteria that supply the tree atmospheric nitrogen.

Conclusion

One of the most important parts of any plant is the root. The structure of the root is perfectly adapted to the tasks that it performs. Root system — an amazing mechanism that feeds the plants. Not in vain various mystical currents consider that the tree combines the powers of heaven and earth. Its aerial part absorbs sunlight, and the roots receive nourishment from the soil. tree rootsThe Value of the root system is not obvious, because most of the attention attracts the aboveground part of the plant: leaves, stem, flower, stem. The root remains in the shadows, modestly fulfilling its honorable mission.


Article in other languages:

AR: https://tostpost.com/ar/education/5322-root-the-structure-of-the-root-types-of-roots-biology.html

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/adukacyya/9278-koran-budova-koranya-typy-karane-b-yalog-ya.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/bildung/9190-wurzel-die-struktur-der-wurzel-arten-von-wurzeln-biologie.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/la-educaci-n/9174-ra-z-la-estructura-de-la-ra-z-tipos-de-ra-ces-biolog-a.html

HI: https://tostpost.com/hi/education/5259-root-the-structure-of-the-root-types-of-roots-biology.html

JA: https://tostpost.com/ja/education/5292-root-the-structure-of-the-root-types-of-roots-biology.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/b-l-m/9246-tamyr-rylysy-tamyr-t-rler-t-b-r-biologiya.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/edukacja/9412-korze-budowa-korzenia-typy-korzeni-biologia.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/educa-o/9419-raiz-constru-o-de-raiz-tipos-de-ra-zes-biologia.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/e-itim/9245-k-k-k-k-binas-t-rleri-k-kleri-biyoloji.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/osv-ta/9295-kor-n-budova-korenya-tipi-koren-v-b-olog-ya.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

Comments (0)

This article has no comment, be the first!

Add comment

Related News

Military rank in Imperial Russia. Military rank in the Imperial army

Military rank in Imperial Russia. Military rank in the Imperial army

In this article, we consider some ranks in tsarist Russia. This list is really incomplete, it can continue. We present you only the main ranks.Brigadierlet's Start our list of "Military ranks in the Imperial army of Russia" with t...

Zoospore is a form of life cycle and method of reproduction

Zoospore is a form of life cycle and method of reproduction

after Reading this article, you will be able to use information about the special forms of dispute – the zoospores. We'll tell you why they are so called, will introduce some of their features, functions, and cause.What is z...

Russian researcher Erofey Khabarov. Opened this Explorer?

Russian researcher Erofey Khabarov. Opened this Explorer?

In the TRANS-Baikal region, among the expanses of the taiga, there is a small railway station Yerofey Pavlovich. Not all passengers passing her Express realize that in its title as in the name of one of the largest cities of the F...

Fire prevention in everyday life and organization of protection of population

Fire prevention in everyday life and organization of protection of population

In this article we'll talk about how important fire prevention in everyday life. We will address the many questions about the security at home, at work, on the street. We will try to give a lot of examples of that, for some reason...

The meaning of the idiom

The meaning of the idiom "RUB points", the origin, synonyms, examples

When someone is caught cheating, people are talking differently about the actions of such a person. The meaning of the idiom "bluffing" in this case, it will give the thoughts of the person telling the truth. Consider hi...

Examples of conflicts. The types of conflicts

Examples of conflicts. The types of conflicts

an Integral part of modern society is social conflict in all its diversity. Examples of conflicts occur all around us, ranging from petty quarrels to international antagonisms. The result of one of these antagonisms - Islamic fund...