Historical-genetic method as a major in the cognition of the past

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2019-03-22 21:20:22

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Like other branches of knowledge, history as a science has its own definition, the subject and object of study, goals and methods.

The Definition

If we talk about the definition, then the historical science assumes a system of knowledge that gathers specific information and comprehending life of human society at different stages of its existence. This implies that the object of study of historical science is all of humanity, separate the aggregate and all of it in General. And the object of study can be considered each a separate civilization or a separate people from the moment of its origin, the first mention of it, and ending with the time of the disappearance or rebirth into something new. However, this society is seen not in isolation, but in the relationship with other societies and civilizations.

Typology of methods of studying history as a science

Having a variety of research methods, the history of striving for maximum objectivity formulate inferences and conclusions. Therefore, studying a particular era, every scientist uses not one but several methods. The most common include:

  • Method comparative-historical;
  • Historical-genetic method;
  • Historical-typological;
  • Method of historical research;
  • The historical description.

About the methods in detail

Each of them has its own characteristics, so that in aggregate they give an objective picture of the studied historical period.

When using the comparative-historical specialist contrasts, compares the periods of development of one culture, but several cultures that succeeded each other. This approach is called the diachronic method.

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Another approach compares the coexisting culture, culture-contemporary or individual manifestation of them – the so-called synchronic method.

1. In historical science, one of the most popular is historical-genetic method. It is of interest that the studied reality together with its properties, functions, features revealed in the context of the time in the background of its historical movement. Its originality lies in the fact that the genetic method allows more natural, more plausible to reproduce the object under study study. This is achieved through consistent penetration into the past to identify the causes of existing facts, historical events or phenomena. There is another caveat explaining the commitment of historians to this method. To reveal the process of historical development, the ratio of personal, subjective factors and objective, as it is the logic of the political, ideological and class struggle and economic development, it is necessary to apply the same historical-genetic method.

2. The task of the chronological method – study how the originated, formed, and developed historic properties in accordance with the chronological sequence.

3. An example implementation of the method of historical description can be considered as such situation: found a written historical source. When the study is going to describe it by answering the questions about when the source was printed or handwritten. Place of writing of monument? The author of the work? That was used by the author as a primary source, which material formed the basis of the monument? Is it the original or a copy but a source at the moment? Whether the source deserves serious attitude toward it, and to what extent?

Thus, the methods of historical science – excellent tools for studying the past of his country, his people, as well as all of the past world civilizations. Together with a curious mind, honesty and integrity of the researcher, he can become a reliable support in the search for answers to the most complicated questions. After all, to find the truth, sometimes is not enough to have knowledge. You also need to be able to apply them in sequence and combinations. Historical-genetic method teaches it and allows you to see the subject of the research from all sides.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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