The First President of Israel Chaim Weizmann was the one who all his life devoted to the creation of hearth of his people in Palestine. He was destined to live in two wars, losing a son, but become those who will lead his people in a new Israel.
Born Chaim Weizmann 27.11.1874 in the village of Butterflies near Pinsk (today Belarus). His father worked as an official in the office, which was engaged in rafting timber. In the family were six daughters and two sons.
Children raised in the atmosphere of Jewish traditions, but with elements of education. Initially, Haim was educated in cheder and then continued training in a real school, from which he graduated in 1892.
Further education young people received in Germany and Switzerland. With a doctorate he became a lecturer first at the University of Geneva and later of Manchester.
During his studies, the Chaim Weizmann joined the Zionist mug. Its representatives were inspired by the ideas of T. Herzl. Weizmann was to speak with the idea of building a University for the Jews, which was to become the spiritual center of Zionism.
At the same time, Chaim Weizmann was opposed to the so-called Uganda plan, which was intended to establish a temporary Jewish national centre far from their historic lands.
After settling in Manchester he formed a Pro-British views. Here he marries Faith Hazman, who was a University student. By 1910, the teacher gets British citizenship and met with Lord Balfour. Jaime convinces his close friend (future British foreign Minister), to establish a Jewish national home on the Land of Israel.
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With the beginning of the war, the Zionist club took a neutral position. Although some of its representatives, such as Vladimir Jabotinsky, decided on the formation of the Jewish Legion in the army of great Britain. He was to liberate Palestine from the power of the Turks.
Plans supported Jabotinsky, Chaim Weizmann. He organized a meeting with Lord Kitchener, who held the post of defense Minister.
During the war, Weizmann was able to render essential service in the British army. The armed forces needed acetone, which was used for the production of smokeless gunpowder. To this acetone imported from the USA, but everything changed with the presence in the Atlantic ocean of German submarines in 1915. Chemist could expand the production of acetone on the island. To create it first used the starch from the grain, but it began to affect the domestic supply of cereals. It was therefore decided to use the fruits of horse chestnut, which had no nutritional value. In the collection of chestnut participated even schoolchildren.
Thanks to this, the Weizmann acquired important connections among the ruling circles of Britain. He was able to ensure that the UK authorities have shown interest in Zionism. As a result, in 1917, was signed the Balfour Declaration. The document was the beginning of the restoration of the Jewish center in Palestine.
With the advent of the Balfour Declaration policies became extremely popular in Zionist circles. In 1918 he became head of the Zionist Commission, which was sent to Palestine from the British government. The Commission had to assess the prospects of a possible settlement and further development of the Jews. Life Weizmann was closely knit with the creation of the hearth of his people in Palestine.
Prior To world war II, Chaim Weizmann, whose biography is linked with the creation of Israel, began to lose popularity in Zionist circles. The reason for this was the creation of Britain White paper, which was contrary to the principles of the Balfour Declaration.
In the early days of the war the scientist-politician sent an official statement to the British government. It says that the Jews will be on the side of Britain and want to fight for democracy.
During the war, Weizmann working on the production of high-octane fuel, synthetic rubber. He contributed to the fact that Jews served in the armed forces of Britain. During the war there were about twenty-seven thousand volunteers, including the son of the Weizmann, who died in 1942.
Despite the fact that the post-war Zionist organization was not re-elected Weizmann to the presidency of the world organization of Zionists, he did not leave attempts to create a Jewish state.
Thanks to his efforts in 1947 the UN decided on partition of Palestine. A few days after the founding of the state, the future President of Israel was able to get the head of the United States (Truman) consent to the granting of a loan on preferential terms to the Jewish state the size of a hundred million dollars.
Politics was elected head of the Provisional Council of the new state in 1948, and in 1949 - the first President. By the time he was seventy-four years. Because of age and illness, he was hard to engage in public Affairs. The residence of it became a private house in Rehovot. Re-elected for a second term Weizmann was in 1951.
He Died the President of Israel 09.11.1952 as a result of long illness.
Under the will, Weizmann buried in the garden of his own house, which is located on the territory of the Institute in Rehovot. Since 1949 the Institute was to bear his name.
First President in 1949 he published his own autobiography. It was published in England under the title “seek”.
Chaim Weizmann (citations illustrate this) was a smart and prudent politician. He was able to bring his idea to the interlocutor. The most striking statement: “Jerusalem we had, when London was still a swamp”, “maybe we are the sons of merchants, but we are the grandchildren of the prophets".
The Nephew of the brother Weizmann (Ezer) was the seventh President of Israel. He ruled the country in 1993-2000 year.
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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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