Louis-Philippe: king of the July monarchy

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2018-03-19 03:40:57

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The Last French monarch with the Royal title of Louis-Philippe ruled from 1830 to 1848. He was a representative of one of the lateral branches of the Bourbons. His era is also known in history as the July monarchy.

Childhood and youth

He was Born Louis-Philippe in Paris in 1773. He received an extensive education, and liberal habits and attitudes. His youth came at the beginning of the French revolution. Like his father, the young man joined the ranks of the Jacobins. He joined the army and participated in several important battles, e.g. the battle of Valmy in 1792.

Thanks to its noble origin, Louis-Philippe at birth received the title of Duke. With the beginning of the revolution he refused it, considering it a relic of the past, and become a normal citizen with names of Egalite. It saved him from disgrace of the Republic, when it was issued a decree of expulsion of all the Bourbons from France. However, at the same time, General Charles Dumouriez changed the government. His leadership fought and Louis-Philippe, though he did not participate in the conspiracy. However he had to leave the country.

Louis Philippe

Emigration

At First he lived in Switzerland, where he became a teacher. Later traveled around the world: ever been to Scandinavia and spent several years in the United States. In 1800 a cursory representative of Orleans house settled in Britain, whose government gave him a pension. This was a frequent occurrence in Europe at that time. All of the monarchy spoke out against Republican France, and deliberately took himself disgraced by the citizens of this country.

Louis Philippe biography

The restoration of the Bourbons

After the fall of Napoleon was the restoration of the Bourbons. King Louis XVIII returned to his cousin to court. While Louis-Philippe was not trusted by the royalists. He has not forgotten his liberal convictions of his youth, when he and his father sided with the Republic. However, the king returned to the relative property of his family, which were confiscated during the revolution.

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The Return of Napoleon, who left the Elbe, caught off guard of the Bourbons. Louis-Philippe was appointed commander of the Northern army, but he gave his post Mortier, and he went to the UK. When the Hundred days were over, the nobleman returned to Paris, where he was in the house of peers. There he publicly opposed the reactionary policy of the king, for which he was expelled from the country for several years. Nevertheless soon a fugitive soon returned to the country. Under Louis, he noticeably made a fortune and became an influential political figure. Many are unhappy with the then monarch, the opposition saw it as a possible candidate for the throne.

Louis Philippe photo

Revolution in 1830

When the capital started another unrest to protest against the Bourbons, Louis-Philippe chose to retire and not to make any statements. Nevertheless, his numerous supporters were not idle. They organized widespread agitation for the Duke of Orleans. On the streets of Paris appeared colorful leaflets and brochures, which highlight the achievements of Louis Philippe to the country. The deputies and the provisional government declared it “a Governor of the Kingdom”.

Just then, the Duke appeared in Paris. After learning about these events, is still a legitimate king, Charles X wrote to Louis-Philippe's letter, in which he agreed to abdicate in the case that the throne would pass to his son. The Duke reported this to the Parliament, however, did not mention the additional conditions. August 9, 1830 Louis Philippe 1 took the crown, which he suggested the chamber of deputies.

a brief biography of Louis-Philippe

King-citizen

Thus began the reign of the “king-citizen”. It's the nickname of Louis-Philippe, whose biography is very different from past monarchs, was well-deserved. The main feature of the new political regime was the rule of the bourgeoisie. This social layer has got all the freedom and opportunities for self-realization.

One of the most famous symbols of the reign of Louis-Philippe was the slogan "Enrich yourselves!”. The phrase in 1843, said françois Guizot – Minister of foreign Affairs of France. The appeal was sent to the bourgeoisie, which now could easily earn capital.

A short biography of Louis-Philippe also contains numerous facts that he was distinguished by love for money. In this he was similar to the same middle class that brought him to power.

The State has ceased to intervene in the market economy, which is now ruled in France. This policy was similar to the course from the beginning accepted in the U.S. (generally the American revolution had a huge impact on the July monarchy). Laissez-faire laissez-faire state in the economic agenda became the basis for Louis Philippe and his government.

Louis-Philippe 1

Revolution of 1848

Every year the popularity of Louis Philippe fell. This was due to the reactionary politics against disgruntled. Louis-Philippe, a photo of which is in every textbook of the history of France, eventually abandoned the liberal policy and began to infringe upon civil rights and freedoms. In addition, the state apparatus was dominated by corruption. The last straw for the bourgeoisie was the foreign policy of the king. He joined the Holy Alliance (it also consisted of Prussia, Russia and Austria). His goal was the return of Europe's old order, which took place before the French revolution in 1789.

In Paris there were barricades, once banned the annual Banquet, which was going the liberal community to discuss electoral reform. It happened in February 1848. Soon began the bloodshed, guards shot people.

Against this background, the first resigned, the unpopular government Minister Guizot. On February 24 Louis-Philippe abdicated, not wanting to start a civil war. France began the period of the Second Republic. Former king emigrated to Britain, where he died in 1850.

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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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