The geography of the world's natural resources (table)

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2018-03-19 06:25:35

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The Theme of "the Geography of the world's natural resources" – one of the Central problems in the course of school geography. What are natural resources? What types are allocated and how they are distributed across the planet? What factors determine the geography of the world's natural resources? Read about it in this article.

What is natural resources?

It is Extremely important for understanding the development of the world economy and economies of individual States, the geography of the world's natural resources. This notion can be interpreted in different ways. In the broadest sense – all the nature and goods necessary to man. In the narrow sense of the natural resources implies the set of goods of natural origin, which can serve as sources for production.

geography of the world's natural resources

Natural resources are not just used in commercial activities. Without them, in fact, not the existence of human society as such. One of the most important and urgent problems of modern geography is the geography of the world's natural resources (grade 10 of high school). The study of this question how do geographers and economists.

Classification of natural resources of the Earth

The planet's Natural resources klassificeret according to various criteria. Thus, there are resources exhaustible and inexhaustible, renewable, non-renewable and partially renewable. In terms of prospects for use of natural resources is divided into industrial, agricultural, energy, recreation and tourism, etc.

According to the genetic classification of natural resources include:

  • Mineral; a
  • Land;
  • Water;
  • Forest;
  • Biological (including the resources of the World ocean);
  • Energy;
  • Climate;
  • Recreational.

Features of the planetary distribution of natural resources

What features are the geography of the world's natural resources? How are they distributed across the planet?

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It is worth noting that the world's natural resources are distributed very unevenly between States. So, a few countries (such as Russia, the USA or Australia) nature has given a wide range of minerals. Others (e.g., Japan or Moldova) we have to settle for just two or three types of minerals.

As for the volume of consumption, about 70 % of the world's natural resources are used to Western European countries, USA, Canada and Japan, in which lives no more than nine percent of the population. But the group of developing countries, which accounted for about 60 % of the world population consume only 15 % of the planet's natural resources.

geography of the world's natural resources, the concept

The Geography of the world's natural resources is uneven not only in relation to minerals. In terms of forest, land and water resources of the countries and continents are also very different from each other. So, most of the fresh water of the planet is concentrated in the glaciers of Antarctica and Greenland – regions with a minimum population. At the same time, dozens of African States are experiencing an acute shortage of drinking water.

This is so uneven geography of the world's natural resources forces many countries to solve the problem of their shortage in different ways. Some do it through active funding of geological exploration, others are adopting the latest energy-saving technology, minimizes the consumption of their production.

World natural resources (mineral) and their distribution

Minerals – natural ingredients (substances) that are used in production or to generate electricity. Mineral resources are essential for the economy of any state. In the crust of the planet contains about two hundred minerals. 160 of them are actively mined person. Depending on the method and scope of use of mineral resources are divided into several types:

  • Fuel and energy (e.g. oil, coal, peat);
  • Ore (Nickel, tin, iron ore, etc);
  • Non-metallic (raw material for the chemical industry, metallurgy, construction, etc.).geography of the world natural resource problems of ecology

Almost the most important mineral resource is oil. It is rightly called the «black gold», for it was fought (and continue to this day) a major war. Typically, the oil lies together with the accompanying natural gas. The main regions for the extraction of these resources in the world – is Western Siberia, Alaska, Texas, middle East, Mexico. Another fuel resource-coal (hard and brown). It is mined in many countries (more than 70).

Ore mineral resources include ores of ferrous, nonferrous and precious metals. Geological deposits of these minerals are often linked to specific zones of the crystalline shields – the protrusions of the Foundation of the platforms.

Non-metallic mineral resources find a completely different application. So, granite and asbestos used in the construction industry, potash – in the manufacture of fertilizer, graphite – in the nuclear industry, etc. here is a more detailed geography of the world's natural resources. The table includes a list of the most important and popular minerals.

Mineral resource

Leaders for its production

Crude Oil

Saudi Arabia, Russia, China, USA, Iran

Bituminous coal

The United States, Russia, India, China, Australia

Oil shale

China, the USA, Estonia, Sweden, Germany

Iron ore

Russia, China, Ukraine, Brazil, India

Manganese ore

China, Australia, South Africa, Ukraine, Gabon

Copper ore

Chile, USA, Peru, Zambia, DR Congo

Uranium ore

Australia, Kazakhstan, Canada, Niger, Namibia

Nickel ore

Canada, Russia, Australia, Philippines, New Caledonia

Bauxite

Australia, Brazil, India, China, Guinea

Gold

USA, South Africa, Canada, Russia, Australia

The Diamonds

South Africa, Australia, Russia, Namibia, Botswana

Phosphates

The United States, Tunisia, Morocco, Senegal, Iraq

Granite

France, Greece, Norway, Germany, Ukraine

Potassium salt

Russia, Ukraine, Canada, Belarus, China

Brimstone

The United States, Mexico, Iraq, Ukraine, Poland

Land and its geography

Land resources – one of the most important riches of the planet and any country in the world. Under this concept implies a part of the surface of the Earth suitable for life, construction and agriculture. The world land trust Fund – about 13 billion hectare. It includes:

  • Forests and scrubland (31 %);
  • Meadows, pastures (24 %);
  • Arable land and plantations (11 %);
  • Land occupied by cities, roads and other buildings (3 %);
  • Non-productive lands (about 28 %).geography of the world's natural resources table

Different countries have Different land resources. Some have at their disposal the vast expanses of available land (Russia, Ukraine), while others feel an acute shortage of free space (Japan, Denmark). Unequally distributed agricultural land: about 60 % of the world's arable land falls on Eurasia, while Australia – 3 %.

Water resources and their geography

Water – the most common and the most important mineral on Earth. It originated life on earth, and that water is essential to each of the living organisms. Under the water resources of the planet refers to all surface and groundwaters that are used or can be used in the future. Especially popular is fresh water. It is used in everyday life, in manufacturing and in the agricultural sector. The maximum freshwater river runoff falls on Asia and Latin America, and the minimum – Australia and Africa. Moreover, one third of the world's land problem with fresh water is particularly acute.

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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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