The structure of the egg: General information

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2018-03-20 01:56:07

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The Egg is the reproductive cell of the female, which contains a haploid set of chromosomes. Its primary purpose — transfer of genetic information during fertilization. The structure of the eggs in nature can be quite varied. For example, the egg — it is fish ROE, chicken egg, etc. Every species of animal has its own characteristics.

Structure of the eggs of birds

Perhaps the most striking example of this structure are the eggs of birds and reptiles, which largely follow a similar structure. The egg is a huge egg that's easy to learn, with no special equipment.

Bird Egg consists of a yolk, and the protein shell. Each of these parts has its own characteristics. Yolk is a dense, yellowish, rounded structure located in the center of the egg. It contains a lot of fat, proteins, vitamins, pigments and minerals of the egg. Its main purpose is the nourishment of the embryo.

On Top of the yolk is covered with a thin and dense yolk membrane, which on the surface you see a small light stain — this blastodisc, which was the nucleus of the oocyte before fertilization.

Next comes the egg whites, divided into four balls. It contains a lot of proteins, vitamins and minerals. In addition, there is lysozyme — a special enzyme that has antibacterial effect. Through the protein layer can leak out only gas.

Protein is covered by two Podkarpacie balls, between which there remains a small gap. Shell eggs — a very dense protective shell eggs, which consists mainly of calcium carbonate. Egg shells can have different thickness and colors — the characteristics of each individual species.

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Building eggs

The Female egg is the reproductive cell stored and Matures in the ovarian follicles. Like all animals, human sex cell intended for the transmission of chromosomes during reproduction.

In contrast to somatic, sex cells are formed by meiosis, therefore, contain only a haploid (in humans this is 23) of chromosomes. Features of the structure of human eggs will be described below.

First distinguishing feature is the size. If a normal somatic cell rarely exceeded 20 µm, the diameter of the female egg is approximately 100 µm. This reproductive cell fixed to the end of their maturation is follicle.

So, the structure of the egg is similar to other cells in the body — it consists of nucleus, cytoplasm and plasma membrane is limited. As already mentioned, the nucleus haploid. The cytoplasm contains a huge number of ribosomes, mitochondria, and EPS.

Across the cell evenly distributed the so-called yolk granules, which supply power to cells through the introduction of it in the uterine wall. Yolk vesicles filled with nutrients — mostly fats and a small amount of protein, and also vitamins and minerals.

The Structure of a woman's eggs has and some more features. For example, in the external ball of the cytoplasm contain special secretory granules. When the penetration into the sperm, the content of granules is released and acts on the shell of an egg — as a result, it changes its structure so that no sperm is unable to penetrate through it.

Interesting fact that the number of eggs the woman laid still in the embryonic period of development. It was during the period of ovarian development in the fetus is already formed a certain number of follicles and oocytes. If we compare with the male body, the process of formation of sperm starting in puberty, is ongoing.

As you can see, the structure of the egg is quite specific and completely corresponds to its functions.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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