Chemical burns: first aid

In life there are different situations when others or loved ones need first aid. It and getting into accidents, and frostbite, and shocks. Common problem – burns. This term refers to tissue damage caused by thermal, electrical, chemical or radiation energy. Today we look at the destruction caused by aggressive substances, and first aid for chemical burns.

The Need for first aid

Everyone should know about how to provide first aid. This theme is very relevant, because anyone can be in trouble. Confirmation is the following classification. People affected with burns, are divided into several groups:

• Victims of their own negligence, carelessness;
• Victims of accidents;
• People who have suffered from actions of criminals;
• Rescue workers.

First aid for chemical burns of the skin and mucous membranes is very important. The sooner it is, the faster you stop further exposure to traumatic factors. Thanks to the first aid prevented serious consequences and even be fatal.

General information about the chemical burns

Chemical burns appear due to a negative influence on the skin or mucous membranes corrosive substances. There are the following degrees of defeat:

• Grade I – affected area becomes pipesim, redness of the skin;
• Grade II-damaged and reddened skin dying the top layers of the dermis (at the thermo-chemical burns occur blisters containing yellowish liquid);
• Grade III – for affected location starts tissue death (necrosis), which is manifested by discoloration of the skin;
• Grade IV – affects the deep tissue (subcutaneous fat, muscle, bone).

Chemical burns: statistics and severity of lesions

Before looking at first aid in chemical burns, it should be noted that lesions most often occur in people on their own fault. Misuse of various substances in the home, neglect of safety rules at work – main reasons. Statistics show that most chemical burns appear due to influence of acids (43% of cases). Much less damage to the skin and mucous membranes occur due to the influence of alkalis (21.5%).

Recommended

A tablet from worms – the relevance of the application for the person

How relevant today, drugs against worms in humans? What kind of creatures these worms, what are modern methods of treatment? We will try to answer these questions, since ignorance in this area is undesirable. Imagine a mummy, which is misleading in k...

What to do if you cracked skin on hands?

Each of us at least once in a lifetime encounter with a small, but very, when the crack the skin on the hands. At this time there are wounds of different sizes, which hurt and cause inconvenience, especially when in contact with water or detergents. ...

Spray Macho man - the key to a proper relationship between the two spouses

Male impotence is a pathological condition associated with abnormal physiological capacity of the penis to reginout and bring sexual partner pleasure in bed.sex impotenceimpotence may not men to pass unnoticed – it usually spoils his nervous sy...

The Severity of chemical burns is not determined by external factors, and physico-chemical changes occurring in the region of injury. Substances that enter the body or mucous membranes, destroy tissue until their neutralization or dilution and removal. The severity of injuries depends on several factors:

• The nature of the chemical substance;
• Duration of contact;
• Concentration and volume of the substance;
• Mechanism of action;
• Degree of tissue penetration;
• Whether the time was produced the first aid in chemical burns, remove clothing impregnated with aggressive substance.

General algorithm of medical care

Seeing the man, who suffered from a chemical burn, you should immediately call the ambulance, because only when in a medical facility possibly effective treatment and fast recovery. You should then examine the scene, to understand, is it dangerous to be here. If there is a threat of life, then you need to call rescuers and other emergency services.

If risk to life is not, then it is possible for the victim to come and give first aid for chemical burns. If necessary, it is recommended to use personal protective equipment-masks, gloves. The victim will first need to remove the impregnated chemicals clothes. This should be done carefully to avoid hitting other parts of the body.

Further assistance depending on influencing substances

People without medical education, is not obliged to provide medical assistance. That is why in some cases, you can refuse to perform any action. For example, if you do not know the substance that caused the burn, it is best to wait for the arrival of specialists. The cause of chemical destruction depends first aid.

However, it is not always the ambulance arrives quickly to the challenge. In order not to miss valuable time in case of dangerous situation, it is recommended to read the terms of assistance. They are listed in the table below.

Some features of first aid

The Chemical is removed more efficiently under a strong stream of water. However, this process is not quick. Washed burns long:

• In patients with lesions acids required for this process from 30 to 60 minutes;
• With the defeat of bases-a few hours.

The Wounds are washed to reduce the feeling of burning and pain. If the chemical substance is petrobrazi, his first shake, and then treat the skin surface with an appropriate cleaner.

Chemical burn to the eye: first aid

The Eye – an important body of perception of the world. Without them it is impossible to fully exist. That is why in chemical burns of the eyes need to provide first aid as quickly as possible to preserve vision. In contact with acid or alkali is recommended the following steps:

1. Gently push your eyelids with your fingers and rinse thoroughly the eye is not cold and clean water. When washing it should drain from the nose to the temple.
2. Apply an eye patch. They should both be closed in order that the movements of the healthy eye did not cause unpleasant sensations in the affected eye.
3. After first aid the victim with a patch on my eye to bring to a medical facility for further treatment.

When is the first aid for burns chemical substances affected eye washed not only with water. In contact with acids sometimes use a 2% solution of baking soda. For its preparation take a glass of boiled water and add the baking soda at the tip of a table knife.

If you get lye eyes washed with 0.1% citric acid solution. To cook a liquid in a glass of boiled water add a few drops of lemon juice.

Frequent mistakes

When the first aid people often make mistakes. They try to remove a chemical substance to use napkins, tampons, moistened with water. The use of such funds for burns impossible. Napkins and tampons substance is not removed, and rubbed into the deeper layers of the skin.

Very often people treat the affected areas with fat, egg yolk, dairy products, urine, washed with decoctions of medicinal plants. Specialists, knowing this, recommend people not to use traditional medicines. First aid for chemical burns, rendered with the use of the above-mentioned products can lead to infection of burn wounds. The infection eventually can cause death.

The Importance of visiting the medical institutions

The Man who suffered from chemical burns must be taken to hospital. The need for treatment in hospital is associated primarily with the fact that aggressive substances through the skin, the wound surface, mucous membranes penetrate into the bloodstream and spread throughout the body, disrupting his work. For example, inhalation of certain concentrations of ammonia, hydrogen fluoride, vapours of bromine, strong acids and other similar substances observed eye irritation of the mucous membranes of the larynx, pharynx, hoarseness, pain in throat, bleeding from the nose. Possible edema of the larynx and lungs is very dangerous.

The effects Listed above are not the only one. When extracting oxalic or hydrofluoric acid with a high likelihood of development of hypocalcemia. When ingested, tannins, formic acid or picric acid, phosphorus or phenol can occur liver and kidney failure, depression of the Central nervous system.

Treatment of chemical burns in the hospital

Treatment after given first aid in chemical burns involves several components. It includes the elimination of the toxic effect of corrosive substances. To do this:

• Apply methods for accelerated excretion from the human body of toxic substances;
• Uses a specific (antidote) therapy;
• Implemented therapeutic activities aimed at maintaining and restoring the disturbed functions of the body.

Treatment themselves burn surfaces is determined based on the extent of damage. When I and II degree used ointment dressings. Healthcare workers used such drugs that accelerate tissue regeneration. If there is suppuration, then instead of ointments are used bandages soaked with antiseptic solutions. With deep burnsapplied surgical treatment. First performed necrectomy, which removed necrotic tissue. After is skin grafting of the defect.

Chemical burns are quite dangerous. You should not rely on folk medicine or something that will heal all by itself. A specialist in any case you should go after given first aid in chemical burns. He will receive treatment in a hospital or say that can be used to restore minor skin lesions.