Under hypertension understand primary arterial hypertension of unknown origin. That is, it is an independent form, in which the pressure increase occurs for no apparent reason and not related to other pathologies. It is necessary to distinguish essential hypertension from secondary hypertension, whereby high blood pressure is a symptom of any disease among the cardiovascular, renal, neurological, endocrine and others.
Since the early 20th century offered not one classification. Hypertension was subdivided into types according to one or more criteria. This distinction is necessary because for successful treatment it is important to determine the form of the disease.
What is classification used? Hypertension can be classified by the appearance of the patient, the reasons for the emergence, the higher the pressure, the nature of the flow, degree of organ damage, increase in blood pressure. Classification according to the appearance in our day is not used, the rest is still actively used in medical practice.
Today, doctors around the world often share hypertension by BP level and the degree of organ damage in which the disturbed blood supply because of disease.
Practical value in medicine is the classification of hypertension according to the level of pressure in mm Hg. articles:
The optimal value — 120/80;
Normal — 120/80-129/84;
The edge of normal-130/85-139/89;
I degree of hypertension-140/90-159/99;
II AH — 160/100-179/109;
III degree of AH — more than 180/110.
There are three degrees of the disease, however, their names not characterize the patient's condition, but only a pressure level:
Grade I — mild: HELL can be in the range 140-159/90-99;
Grade II — moderate: pressure is 160-179/100-109;
Grade III — severe: 180/110 blood pressure more.
In this case, the disease is divided according to the degree of organ damage and includes the following stages:
First. The increase in AD is minor and intermittent, usually happens during loads. Changes in organs are absent. No complaints, the pressure is normalized after rest without taking drugs.
Second. There is a persistent increase in blood pressure, in connection with which there are changes in the organs, but their function is not impaired. Most Often, there is enlargement of the left ventricle. In addition, possible changes in the kidneys, blood vessels of the brain, the retina of the eye. Requires constant control over the pressure and medication.
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The Third stage. The pressure is consistently kept at a high level. The authorities have not only changed, but also disrupted their work. As a rule, develops renal and heart failure, hemorrhage and degenerative changes in the fundus, atrophy and edema of the optic nerve. Shown the medication.
The Following classification. Hypertension can have four options increase the pressure.
Systolic — increased top, bottom - not more than 90 mm Hg. article;
Diastolic — raised only the bottom, top is less than 140 mm Hg. article;
Labile hypertension — the pressure drops without the use of antihypertensive drugs.
There is another classification. Hypertension can be divided according to the nature of the flow. There are two forms of the disease: benign and malignant.
In the first case hypertension develops slowly, goes through three stages according to the degree of pressure increase and severity of the changes in internal organs in connection with high blood pressure.
Malignant form is uncommon. Usually develops in young children, offers consistently high blood pressure, severe organ damage. It is characterized by such symptoms as headaches, seizures, vomiting, blindness, coma.
Article in other languages:
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HI: https://tostpost.com/hi/health/4438-a-modern-classification-hypertension-and-its-forms.html
JA: https://tostpost.com/ja/health/4436-a-modern-classification-hypertension-and-its-forms.html
ZH: https://tostpost.com/zh/health/4788-a-modern-classification-hypertension-and-its-forms.html
Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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