Modes of transportation affected: description, rules and guidelines

Among the key tasks of providing first aid it is important to ensure prompt and correct methods of transportation of the victim to the hospital. It should be understood that improper movement can cause deterioration of the physical condition of the injured, adversely affect the operation of the cardiac system and cause a painful shock.

Professional help in distress

What are the different ways of transportation of the victim? The right is the so-called long method when transportation professionals involved in emergency medical teams.

It was the professionals who were capable to provide safety and maximum comfort when transporting the affected person after providing him first aid on the scene. For this special ambulances equipped to easily slide out litter, which provide the injured person with maximum comfort in the process of moving.

The Stretcher installed on the injured side (in injuries of the spine – in a convenient place). 2-3 drops on a knee near the healthy side of the body, gently bring your hands under the injured and simultaneously lifted it. Immediately a free man moves under the injured person, the stretcher on which he neatly stacked the rest of the rescue.

The Porters (3-4 person) needs to move slowly, not necessarily in the leg, trying to work around uneven surfaces. When climbing up the stairs of the injured is required to carry forward with his head in the process of the descent – forward legs, with a stretcher must always be in horizontal position.

If there is no time waiting for help

Sometimes there are situations where the transportation of a person who is injured, have to lay on their shoulders people who witnessed a critical situation or caught in a dangerous vicinity. Transportation of the injured person performed their by:

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• Absence of likelihood of rapid arrival of the ambulance;
• The existence of threats to life in place of injury (for example, railroad, smoke-filled or burning building, the threat of collapse).

In this case you have to apply such methods of transportation affected how emergency and short-term.

Emergency apply in the case of the presence of direct threat to life, for the time it takes 5-30 seconds. To be removed from the area at risk use any reasonable means of transportation of the victim. In the process of carrying (transport) there is a high probability of inadvertent damage to human health, but in the fight for his life have to ignore the rules of transportation.

Help on their own

Short-term move is carried out by persons from the vicinity of a small distance to the nearest safe place (within 50-300 meters), where the required help is provided. The victim should be transferred with maximum caution, trying to protect them from pain.

As in the conditions of modern life by non-technical users often use the short method should know some important rules of its execution. Preparing for the transportation needs of a person, you should evaluate the nature and character of injuries, especially neck and spine. You also need to examine the head, chest, abdomen, pelvic area, legs, which in case of damage when being transported, must be maintained. You should make sure that the person is conscious; if unconscious, check breathing and pulse.

What are the different ways of transportation of the victim with injuries of a different nature? The victim with serious injuries need to be moved without changing the posture of the body. If you hurt the cervical spine, it is necessary to immobilize the head and cervical area.

Transporting the injured: the types and methods

In a relatively dangerous cases, to prevent asphyxia (by reason of tongue falling) and getting into the respiratory organs of vomit the victim was transferred with his head turned to the side.

Move in position “side” made in:

• Vomiting;
• Burns;
• An unconscious state;
• Non-penetrating wounds of the back of the body (thighs, buttocks, back).

In position "sitting” the patient should be transported if:

• Trauma, thoracic region, cervical area;
• Fractures of the extremities.

“lying on the back” with slightly raised feet, with:

• Damage to the abdominal region;
• Substantial loss of blood;
• Internal bleeding.

Move "supine" with a slightly divorced feet and popliteal roller, assuming:

• The damage to the spine, spinal cord;
• The fracture of the pelvic bones.

Using different ways of transportation of the victim, it is important to monitor the patient's condition. Whenyou feel unwell, you should stop and begin actions for the salvation of man. CPR should be performed until breathing activity or not coming medical professionals.

Use whatever is at hand

In the absence of a special stretcher, the latter can be constructed from available tools (boards, poles, blankets, bags, coats). Importantly, to portable tool was durable and could withstand the weight of the human body. When hardness homemade stretcher under the patient must put any soft material (clothes, hay). As passengers on stretchers straps can be use 2-3 belt, thick rope, scraps of tarpaulin, towels, sheets.

Sometimes, first aid is performed in the absence of any available tools or time to make them. In this case, carrying the injured is on the hands. The main methods of transportation of victims by a single person:

• On the back (if the victim is able to stand);
• Hand or shoulder (if a person is very weak or is unconscious).

Two rescuers can carry injured on the “castle” of the United 3 or 4, provided that the latter is conscious and can hold on to.

Transport the victim in various ways by one or two people, running short distances and requires great physical strength.

How to use passengers on stretchers strap

Move the victim much easier with the help of passengers on stretchers webbing – thick canvas strap with a metal buckle for fastening both ends. To facilitate the transfer of the stretcher, the straps should be twisted “eight” loop, fit it for the growth of the carrier. Loop, the length of which should correspond to the scale dissolved in the width of the hands, snaps on the shoulders so that her optic chiasm was located on the back. In overhanging the sides of the loop, which should be at the level of the hands, pass through the handles of the stretcher. This method is affected greatly facilitates carrying the load on the hands.

It is Important that in the process of transporting the squad, their behavior, conversations, actions, are maximally spared the psyche of the injured and strengthened his confidence in the favorable outcome of the event.

What are the different ways of transportation of the victim on the water

Accidents on the water can be triggered by various reasons: the inability to swim, swim in a state of alcoholic intoxication, violation of rules of behavior on water, fear, fear and more. People gripped by panic and fear, unable to regard the situation soberly: it makes no sense random motion, quickly weakening and losing power.

What are the different ways of transportation of the victim into the water? To rescue a drowning person must take the following actions:

• As close as possible to it by land;
• Remove the upper clothes and shoes in order to avoid the accumulation of water to turn out his pockets;
• To jump into the water and swim to the drowning man;
• Immersion sinking into the water to dive and try to see or to find;
• Flip to the back.

In the process of salvation should be understood that the drowning man is a danger to his squad, as frantically clinging to anything within reach. So saving it is important to break free from the grips of the sinking as quickly as possible, while trying to act coolly and calmly.

Methods of transportation of the victim in the water:

• Capture his head back by the chin with two hands (to pull out only legs);
• Stick your left hand under the left arm sinking, while trying to grab the wrist of the other hand (to pull out only one arm and leg);
• Grab the hair, to keep above water sinking head, placing it on your forearm (row one arm and legs).

Save the drowning

After the delivery of sinking on the coast (ways of transportation of the victim on the water listed above) should provide immediate help:

• To Help to get rid of caught in inland bodies of water. For this you need to get down on one knee, to place it of a man belly down, to open his mouth. Press your hands on your back in the stomach, thus freeing the body from water.
• To Do artificial respiration. Undress drowning, turn over on your back, your head placed on a platform or knees. Pinch the victim's nose, dial a deep breath and exhale it into his mouth: for 4 seconds approximately 1 action on the exhale.

• To Conduct CPR (if necessary). Positioning the palm of one on one, to place on the chest of drowning. In between breaths rhythmically to produce 4 push. Pressure on the chest should be strong enough to offset the sternum was made down roughly 5 cm

It is most Convenient to bring to life the victim together: one person engaged in massage andsecond doing CPR.