Hypokinesia is that? Hypokinesia: definition, types and treatment

Hypokinesia – what is it? The answer to this question you will be able to learn from this article. In addition, we will tell you in detail about why such a pathological condition arises, describe its types and introduce methods of treatment.

General information

Hypokinesia-a special condition of the body due to insufficient physical activity. It should be noted that such deviation does not constitute a danger to the life of the patient. However, in some cases, when the patient has severe immobility, it can lead to quite serious complications (pulmonary embolism, sepsis, etc.).

Despite the fact that this condition is not very common, hypokinesia still requires special attention as it leads the patient to significant social and functional limitations.

Causes

Hypokinesia-this is a limitation of the person, which may arise due to various reasons. Consider some of them in more detail:

• Infection of the CNS often cause the violations that cause the development of hypokinesis.
• Pharmacological agents sometimes also cause such deviation. Usually this happens because of blocking of the neuroreceptors.
• Various injuries often cause such a pathological condition as hypokinesia. This can occur after gunshot wounds, falls, severe blows to the head and so on.
• During intoxication also affects specific neurons, which lead to partial immobility or retardation of the person.
• Cardiovascular disorders are often the cause of the isolated heart attack that leads to the development of hypokinesia. By the way, such deviation is often seen with multi-infarct state.
• Degenerative disorders can quite easily lead to loss of specific cells with neurotransmitters, which are responsible for physiological purpose.

Other causes

Hypokinesia – complex movement disorders that can occur due to psychiatric instability.

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1. Depression. This state fairly quickly and easily leads to psychomotor retardation. So, due to the prolonged depression of spontaneous movement completely healthy person can be limited and slow.
2. Catatonia. This deviation is accompanied by a marked limitation of spontaneous movements. Usually, this is due to the fact that the person is stationary for quite a long time. Outwardly, these people look like just woken up. Unofficially, this phenomenon is called “waxy flexibility”.

In Addition, the cause of hypokinesia can be and metabolic disorders, including hypothyroidism. Typically, such deviation is accompanied by a General slowing of all motor functions. In addition, the mentioned condition is often occurs against a background of neuromuscular disorders. Such a pathological condition characterized by severe muscle rigidity, slow movements, especially in the muscles of the upper and lower extremities.

Types of hypokinesia

Now you know what hypokinesia. It should be noted that in medical practice point to several types of such pathological conditions. Let's consider them in more detail.

1. Physiological form. This deviation may occur due to the influence of genetic factors, anomalies in human development and the availability of motor “retarded”.
2. Familiar household. This condition occurs due to excessive domestic comfort, which leads to reduction of motor initiative, as well as getting used to a sedentary lifestyle. In addition, this deviation may arise from the neglect of physical culture.
3. Clinical appearance (nonagency). In this case the limitation of range of motion occurs, due to operational needs. Also, this deviation can occur due to diseases of musculoskeletal system and various injuries, which require long periods of bed rest.
4. School. In this case, the hypokinesia develops as a result of improper organization of the educational process (e.g., in case of overload training sessions, the lack of free time, the neglect of physical education, etc.).
5. Climatic. Hypokinesia, arising due to adverse climatic or geographic conditions.
6. Experimental. This state represents the simulation of low motor activity with the objective of conducting biomedical research.

Hypokinesia and hypodynamia

As you can see, the hypokinesia may develop on the background of various mental and neurological disorders. Furthermore, this condition is often called sedentary nature of the working activities of a person or his lifestyle in General. In suchcases, this deviation may lead to physical inactivity.

Hypokinesia – what is it? To this question we said just above. Now we should talk about what constitutes inactivity. This word was formed from Greek and literally means decreased mobility.

Such deviation is accompanied by disturbances of body functions (circulatory, musculoskeletal, digestive, and respiratory) with a marked limitation of physical activity, as well as reducing the force of muscle contraction. The prevalence of physical inactivity is increasingly growing due to the urbanization, mechanization and automation of labor.

According to experts, lack of exercise is a consequence of the liberation of people from physical labor. Very often such deviation is informally referred to as “disease of civilization”.

What are the risks?

Physical Inactivity particularly affects cardiovascular system. As a result of such rejection in humans, decreases work capacity, decreases the force of heart contractions and reduced the tone of blood vessels. The pernicious influence affects the exchange of energy and substances. The results of inactivity can become atherosclerosis and obesity.

Other variances

Speaking of hypokinesia, almost always means a state of the human organism, which is accompanied by reduced physical activity. However, often, this medical term is used to denote diseases of the internal organs. So, the patients quite often there is hypokinesia of the gallbladder. This deviation is characterized by delayed emptying of the represented body. Usually, this disease leads to digestive disorders in children and adults. Moreover, if a person has a genetic predisposition, the disease can easily cause gallstone disease. For the treatment of this pathology, patients are recommended to take cholagogue or decoctions of the plant herbs that have the same healing properties.

In Addition, people may present with hypokinesia of the heart, esophagus, biliary tract, stomach, intestine and so on.

Prevention

Primary prevention of the deviation is a constant human movement, physical activity, and adhering to a healthy lifestyle. Patients who have a predisposition to hypokinesia or hypodynamia, it is recommended to give up Smoking and other harmful habits, because they are only able to exacerbate the difficult condition of the patient.

It Should also be noted that rational motive mode of man must necessarily be combined with a balanced diet, regular walks and morning exercises.

Treatment

Hypokinesia and hypodynamia caused by any chronic or acute disease, require a medical examination. Once the causes of the deviation doctors start solving them.

It Should be noted that in the clinics of orthopedic and nervous diseases is effective complete recovery of the human body after a period of inactivity. Typically when such procedures are neurologists, orthopedists, nutritionists, massage therapists and instructors of therapeutic physical training. Private lessons are conducted in combination with massage and physiotherapy, which help to rebuild muscle tone. In addition, for such patients provides a separate nutrition program, contribute to the normalization of body weight and stabilization functions of the internal organs. Developed movement patterns retain the performance for a long time.