Pyelonephritis in children. Symptoms and treatment

Pyelonephritis in children is an inflammatory disease that occurs very often and is one of the most common infectious diseases in babies after respiratory diseases.

The term "pyelonephritis" is a fusion of the words pyelos, which means "trough", and nephros - kidney. Therefore, the name reflects the essence - an inflammatory process affecting the renal pelvis and kidney tissue. In young children, it is quite difficult to determine exactly where the lesion is localized, so most often they talk about "urinary tract infection".

Pyelonephritis in children, types of disease

The disease is provoked by intestinal microorganisms such as cocci and coli-bacteria (Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, intestinal Escherichia, enterococcus, proteus and others). Mixed microflora is most often isolated. Infection of the urinary tract causes pyelonephritis. The causes of the appearance of this disease in children and adults are a disturbed outflow of urine, its reflux (reflux).

Pyelonephritis in children can be primary and secondary. Primary develop with the normal structure of urological organs. Secondary ones are observed in children with congenital pathology of the bladder, ureters and kidneys. The defeat can be one- and two-sided. The disease is acute, chronic or recurrent.

Acute pyelonephritis with adequate treatment ends in recovery in less than 2 months. In the chronic course of the disease, symptoms persist for up to six months and exacerbations of the disease are periodically observed.

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Pyelonephritis in children, symptoms

Common characteristic symptoms include fever (up to 39 degrees), weakness, lack of appetite, nausea. An increase in temperature is accompanied by sweating and chills. There is pain in the lumbar region. Often the disease is accompanied by cystitis or urethritis. In some cases, pyelonephritis in children is asymptomatic. Parents should pay attention to the child's rapid fatigue, mood changes, pallor, frequent toilet visits at night.

How to treat pyelonephritis in children?

In the acute period of the disease, various drugs are used (sulfonamide, antibiotics, nitrofuran, nitroxoline), which are prescribed by the attending physician.
In case of chronic disease, antibiotic treatment is carried out in courses, under the control of the general condition of the patient and his tests. If the cause of pyelonephritis is anatomical abnormalities, the doctor decides whether surgical intervention is necessary.

The use of phytotherapy, homeopathic remedies and immunomodulatory drugs at the second stage is quite effective. After undergoing pyelonephritis, it is recommended to be systematically monitored by a specialist doctor. At the same time, an ultrasound examination is carried out - once every six months or a year, as well as regular tests.

It should be remembered that pyelonephritis in children often occurs in the presence of a chronic focus of infection. It can be inflammation of internal organs, flu, and even ordinary caries. In this case, pathogenic bacteria are introduced through the blood from the lesion into the kidneys and cause inflammatory processes in them.