Types of computer networks

It is Known that one of the most important   achievements of mankind in the last century was the creation and rapid development of information technology — technology that allows using computers and various types of computer networks,  to store, process, transform and transmit huge amounts of information. It is worth noting that such rapid information leap of mankind became possible only after it was created by  computer communication networks.

All types of computer networks are collection of computers distributed across a certain area and interconnected by specialized channels that allow to transmit data.  To date, computer networks have become widespread, various types of computer networks around the world operate and interact with each other. Current understanding of the characteristics of the networks, resulted in a classification on a territorial basis. According to this classification includes such types of computer networks:

Global Area Network (GAN) - a global network that combines computers and networks, located in different parts of the world.  

Wide Area Network (WAN) - a large-scale network, combining network based on the level of continents and countries;

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) – long-distance network of computers and networks within the regions and other administrative units;

Local Area Network (LAN) – local area networks, involving a grouping of computers that are located at relatively short distances – for example, within the same building.

WAN and MAN are the regional networks. It is worth noting that to date, the division of computer networks in WAN and MAN is very conditional, as now almost every regional network is included in any global network.

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Many organizations that are interested in providing a high level of protection of information from attacks from outside (for example, the military, banks, etc.), created their own network called corporate. The corporate network can log tens of thousands of computers that are located at a considerable distance from each other, for example, in different countries.

The Most common in the world of numerical are local computer networks.

The Main feature of Ethernet is the ability to connect computers by cable, without resorting to channels for data transmission used by global networks (telephone network, fiber optic cable, airwaves etc.). So as the computers are located relatively close to each other, to create a network, simply connect the cable and adjust accordingly. A network of computers on the internal network gives its owners a lot of advantages.

The Types of networks most often to share topology – the way to connect computers to each other. Topology is an essential feature of local networks, as the connection method determined by the key indicators presented by the performance and reliability of operation.

The Biggest advantages of the network according to the topology “star" - one Central source is connected, all other computers of the network.

There is a network according to the topology “ring” - all computers connect to each other in series and in the end form something resembling a ring.

The Third type of topology, which  creates a local-area network is a bus topology-all computers connected to a single cable-data bus.

Computer networks, principles of their work, protocols, and hardware components are constantly improving and evolving.