Characteristics Of The Object 195. Promising Russian tank of the fourth generation

Since 2006, in the media periodically appears information about the creation and early admission to the Russian army tank fourth generation. It's been almost a decade, and even images of the prototype has not been seen. We only know that the Creator is the Ural design Bureau of transport engineering in Nizhny Tagil. At the parade may 9, 2014 expected public appearance of the new sample heavy weapons. Within twenty years of development the project is codified in different ways: “Improvement 88", Object 195, T - 95, T-99 "Priority". Sometimes this includes the name “Black eagle" and "Armata". You should note that to identify the "Armata" with previous projects, and especially with the T-95 should not, this is a completely new product.

In the late eighties, our engineers looked into the future

The design of the new model of combat vehicle was started in 1988. The basic idea was to increase the survival of the crew and the ability to upgrade weapon systems without major rework of the machine. To meet this requirement it was suggested that the tower was uninhabited. That is to carry out pointing the gun or small arms at the target, choose the type of ammunition and make the shot should have been automatic. The crew should have been placed in an isolated, well-protected bronekapsuly. I should get a tank with a brand new layout and a powerful protection. Political turmoil the last decade of the last century did not allow to fully implement the plan. And the level of development of electronics at that time would have hardly allowed the opportunity to create a highly effective combat system. This concept is embodied in the metal a few years later the Urals tank builders creating Object 195. A photo of the tank, covered with tarpaulin, can't help to get an idea about the design of Autonomous artillery.

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Unfinished detective

Due To the high level of secrecy of the project of creation of the tank of the fourth generation, there was confusion in the name of cars. It is possible that the discrepancy was inspired by the client, the Ministry of defence. Details of many developments become known many years later, after the loss of their relevance to a wide circulation. Still there is a lot of idle speculation about the reasons of refusal from production of new machines two decades ago. In the 90-ies of domestic tankostroitelnye concerns had not the best times. Each plant was looking for their own ways of survival. Omsk tank builders on the basis of gas turbine tank T-80 developed Object 640, dubbed "Black eagle". The car was presented at a private screening in 1997 in Kubinka. A little earlier, in 1995 the Corporation began to develop his own version of the modern tank. Despite the use of innovative technologies passive protection and weapon systems, both machine - Object 195, "Black eagle" - is a deep modernization of tanks of the third generation. And this military is not very tripled.

Futuristic exterior

The Tank Object 195 was reduced to a few prototypes. The model included one of the cipher are not identical. As conceived by military strategists height of new combat vehicles were not to exceed duhh meters. These parameters, in theory, was supposed to match the Object 195. The photo, however, captured a machine height of about three meters with a massive gun mount covered with a tarpaulin. It is unlikely that this pre-production sample. Desert tower needs to be very compact. Most likely, the future universal platform was tested as a mobile base for advanced weapons systems. Because the military decided to create a universal chassis. One of the modules needs to be a tank Object 195. Photo other structures, if they exist, until now no one get failed.

Requirements to the tank of the 4th generation

By the end of the first decade of the new Millennium, finally formed the concept of a promising tank. The new combat vehicle will be a revolutionary step in the development of land combat platforms. In this regard, it should fulfill the following requirements:

• The Ability to maximize the probability of destruction of the target shell.
• Guaranteed the survival of the crew in the event of destruction of the tank or cumulative kinetic ammunition.
• Unit is a segment sitesentinel system land armed forces.
• Chassis should be universal, for the possibility of placing on its base of fighting vehicles for other purposes and as well as engineering support.
• The Ability to gradually upgrade.

Weapons out of competition

Onsite object 195 it is assumed smoothbore gun 135-152 mm initial speed of flight of the projectile is not less than 1980 m/s. If the main gun is adopted six-inch gun 2A83, then the Ordinance will be 42 units-piercing, high-explosive and heat shells. Traditionally, an exclusive feature of the domestic machines is the possibility of running out of the gun barrel guided missiles. Together with the tool rotates and allammunition. Automatic charging system ensures the rate of fire at least 15 rounds per minute. On the rotary gun carriage will be mounted machine guns with a caliber of 7.62 mm and 14.5 mm with the possibility of firing at aircraft, as well as four small SAM 9М311. One of the options for light weapons is the 30-mm automatic gun, coaxial with the main gun.

Fire control System and countermeasures

The Completeness of the visual information of the situation on the battlefield tankers will be obtained not only by observation through an optical instrument. Due to the fact that the crew is deprived of the opportunity of the circular review (the tower is uninhabited), the fire control system to be equipped with complex transmission devices and multiple screens inside the cockpit. The monitors receives information from other units. The crew will see "through the armor" in all directions. To ensure the high efficiency equipment will provide regular radar system and a laser rangefinder. The laser device shall perform the functions of active opposition to the targeting systems of the enemy. The active setting will automatically find the optics of the enemy and neutralizes its light beam. Machines will be equipped with a recognition system "foe", excluding the defeat by friendly fire in conditions of highly maneuverable combat. The complex of active protection consists of plants “Blind-2" and "arena-e”.

Bulletproof tank

Object 195 - heavy tank (compared to their predecessors). The base model T-72 weighs 41 tons, the last derivative in this series, the T-90 is 46.5 tons. A promising model for 10 tons heavier. Improvement of passive safety has caused the increase in combat weight. Combined multi-layered armor provides availability of integrated dynamic protection of new generation. Equivalent booking engine against impact piercing ammunition equal to 1000 mm against shaped-charge projectiles - not less than 1500 mm.

Power plant

The Designers have equipped the tank Object 195 Chelyabinsk diesel IN-92С2Ф2. This is a temporary measure, the power plant does not meet modern requirements. The total capacity of 1130 HP, the mobility of the future tanks is slightly higher than the parameters of the main combat vehicles of the previous generation. As a staff Assembly is to install diesel 12Н360Т-90A. Motor four-stroke, X-shaped, 12-cylinder, with gas turbine charging and intermediate cooling of air. Cooling system liquid. Working volume – 34,6 L. Capacity of not less than 1650 HP provides thrust-fighting vehicles not less than 30 horsepower per ton. The engine is located along a combat vehicle and aggregated with the automatic transmission.

Tactical and technical characteristics of the Object 195

If we identify a promising machine with a T-95, the commander of the fourth generation is as follows:

• Maximum combat weight of 55 tons.
• Dimensions: body length 8 000 mm width 2 300 mm, height 1 800 mm.
• Crew – 3 (2).
• Engine - дизель1650 HP
• Speed on the roadway is more than 70 km/h.

Tank dead. Yes, long live the tank!

In 2008, it seemed that that time is near, when armored forces will start to receive the world's best design techniques. A few prototypes of T-95 (Object 195) was directed to pass state tests. Two years later, held a benefit before the person responsible officials of the Ministry of defence. The Agency refused further financing of the project. At least, this language is the official version for last few years. "Uralvagonzavod" at his own expense completed the creation of the project. One of the reasons for not adopting the new sample on a promising tank was the obsolescence of the technological solutions adopted as the basis for its development. Was also revised the General concept of the complex heavy combat platforms. It's time for a modular principle of formation of image of a combat vehicle. The basis of a future mobile system the battlefield was adopted by the Object 195.

So, the Object 195 - "Armata" or not?

Clearly, the current project, other work index. By far and what long-term developments 195-year project and "Black eagle" will not be forgotten. The leadership of the Armed forces tasked in 2015 to begin production of a new car. Considering the short deadlines of the tasks "Armata" embody the basic concepts of experimental predecessors. Saved layout and technological solutions. At the same time to reduce the cost of production will have to give up some protection components and weapons. T-14 (such designation received a new main tank) a few less, four to five tons lighter, smarter and cheaper to manufacture. In order to reduce prices and facilitate the production of refuse from the wide use of titanium elements of passive protection.