Lakes and rivers of Stavropol Krai

In the valleys of the rivers Kuma, Kalaus, and Egorlyk, in the Central part of Ciscaucasia, on Stavropol upland, located in Stavropol Krai famous resort area of the Caucasian Mineral Waters.

Geography Stavropol Krai

The Area of Stavropol is 66,16 km², it consists of 26 administrative districts with a population of 2.8 million people, of which 58,36% of the urban population (as of 01.01.2017).

The climate of the region is moderately continental. The terrain is difficult. The Central part is occupied by the Stavropol upland, which on the South, connects with the foothills of the greater Caucasus, in the East smoothly flows into the Terek-Kuma plain and the Azov-Kuban lowlands in the West, in the North it connects with the Kumo-Manych depression.

In the foothill part can distinguish Pyatigorye is a volcanic area with numerous peaks. The maximum height observed in the vicinity of Kislovodsk and reaches 1603 meters above sea level. The smallest vertex is located in the lower reaches of the river Kuma. Its height is 6 meters.

Rivers, lakes and mountains of the Stavropol territory is distinctive and picturesque. In Stavropol there are 130 mineral water springs. Water resources of the territory – it not only created nature rivers and lakes, but also man-made reservoirs, ponds and canals that are used to moisturize arid steppe lands.

Rivers of Stavropol

Rivers of Stavropol territory belong to the basins of the Caspian and Azov seas. Because of the arid climate in most parts of the land edge density of the network of rivers is insignificant and uneven. The most densely river located in the foothills and to the East and North, the number is greatly reduced. What rivers are there in the Stavropol territory.

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In the Stavropol region has slightly more than 200 rivers and streams. Most of them – is a small river. The length of these rivers - from 101 to 200 km with a catchment area of 1,000 to 2,000 km². The rivers flowing in the Eastern part of the region contain large amounts of mineral elements, which is associated with the salinity of local soils.

List of rivers of Stavropol territory may be divided into two parts: the river, belonging to the Azov-black sea basin, belonging to Caspian sea basin.

The Main rivers of the Azov-black sea basin

This is the Western Manych, Egorlyk, Kalaus and Kuban. A few rivers in Stavropol region are mostly fed by rains and snowmelt. The watershed between the basins of the Azov and Caspian seas, extending from the village through the Wondrous city of Stavropol, then after Elbrus and the mountains of Beshtau, is a component of the main watershed. Names of rivers in Stavropol region often have Turkic roots.

Western Manych

Left tributary of the don is the Western Manych. In Turkic “the Manych” means “bitter”. Its source is in the site of the former branches of the river on the West and East Manych river Kalaus. The length of the Western Manych - 219 km. the flow of this river passes through the valley of the Manych trough. It feeds mainly by melting snow. The main tributaries are Kalaus and Egorlyk. The Western Manych is most often used for fishing.

Kalaus

This is the second large tributary of the Western Manych (left). “Kalaus” translated from the Turkish – “fortress”. The river begins on the slopes of mount Bryk and flows through the Stavropol upland. Its length is 436 km. the river is Fed from springs, melting snow and rain. The shore is steep and abrupt, in places reaching a height of 15 m. the Kalaus 81 influx. In the immediate vicinity of the source located maikopian clay from which the water of the river muddy, salty and not drinkable.

Egorlyk

The River Egorlyk, Stavropol territory - it is a left tributary of the Western Manych. Its source is on mount Strizhament. In the Proletarsky reservoir flows Egorlyk. Its length is 458 km, it takes in the Stavropol region, Rostov region and Republic Kalmykia. The power of the river in the upper reaches - the snow and underground, in the lower reaches – snow and rain. Has two major tributaries: Big Kugulta and Kalala.

Kuban

The Kuban River, the largest river in Stavropol Krai. Its source – this is the West slope of mount Elbrus, the confluence of the Uchkulan and Ullucu. The length of the Kuban river - 870 km around the Route of current passes through the Karachay-Cherkessia in the Stavropol region, then to the border of Krasnodar region and Adygea Republic, it flows into the sea of Azov. The river water used for drinking and irrigation.

The largest tributary of the Kuban-this is a Big Zelenchuk. The highest rise of the water level can be observed in the second half of the summer. The filling of the riverbed of the Kuban river is due to rainfall, melt water, including mountain glaciers, and underground streams. On the Stavropol territory the river is mainly fed by rainwater. The main rivers of Caspian sea basin – Terek, Kuma, Gor'kaya Balka, Eastern Manych.

Terek

The Source of this river in Stavropol Krai lies to the Truso gorge, located on the Main Caucasian ridge. The length of the river Terek – 623 km. the River flows from Georgia to North Ossetia, then in the territory of Kabardino-Balkaria and the Stavropol territory,through Chechnya and Dagestan in Agrakhan Bay of the Caspian sea. Its main tributary – Malka.The Power of the river mostly comes from the melting of mountain glaciers and snow, so the flood accounts for the height of summer. Terek is used for irrigation of the surrounding fields and gardens.

East Manych

The Source and supply sources are the same as those of the Western Manych. Length of 141 km, After human intervention, the river Kalaus already does not replenish the Eastern Manych, but only the West. Flows through the territory of Kalmykia and Stavropol. To the Caspian sea, the river flows through Solinskie lake. Water quality low to use for drinking it.

The godfather

The Source of Cooma lies on the Northern slope of the Rocky mountains in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic. The length - 809 km. Nutrition for rivers are for the most part, precipitation and underground water. Sometimes due to lack of precipitation Kuma does not reach the Caspian sea. The river feeds its waters Kuma valley. Its tributaries are Wet-and-Dry crossing, Zolka, Podkumok, Tomuzlovka, Wet Buffalo.

Bitter beam

The Origins of this river are the springs of St. George's district. Its length is 183 km Tributary of the river Beam is Bitter Dry and Bitter.

The Lake in Stavropol region

Stavropol can not boast a large number of lakes. There are only 38, but among them you can find a variety of characteristics, unusual, rich in fish and therapeutic mud of the lake.

One of the more unusual lakes in the Stavropol region is considered to be a karst lake Failure clear blue color, which always attracts large number of tourists. This lake is at the bottom of a conical cave, similar to a funnel. The height of the cave – 41 meter. The depth of the lake – 11 m, diameter is 15 m. the water Temperature from +26 to +42 °C. the Blue colour is from the presence of hydrogen sulfide and a special bacteria.

Stavropol Krai famous for its salt lakes that are as therapeutic mud can compete with the Dead sea. In Lesnikovska the lake near Svetlograd, for example, once the commander Budyonny treated their fighters from wounds.

One of the most popular lakes in the Stavropol territory is considered a medicinal lake Tambukan, which is located on the border of Stavropol territory and Kabardino-Balkaria. In the name of the lake immortalized the name of the great Kabardian Prince, who was the ancestor of the old family Tambieva. Many researchers believe this lake is a remnant of a vanished sea. Therapeutic mud from the bottom of Tambukan is used in all the resorts of the Caucasian Mineral Waters.

But more than just lakes of Stavropol territory is famous for its fishing. Lake Dawson and Chograysky reservoir located in arzgirskogo area is extremely popular with fishermen from all over Russia and offer a variety of species of fish.

Sengileevsky lake is also a reservoir, which supplies fresh water to the regional center. Once it was called Fishing and not too deep. But then, in 1958, after the construction of the dam, the water level in it has risen so much that its depth was almost like in the sea of Azov.

Another popular among the fishermen of the lake – this Great lake, which is on the border with Kalmykia. Such lakes of Stavropol, as White, the Manych-Gudilo lake, Bald Lyman Malyy Manych, Manych, also known as fish.

It attracts fishing enthusiasts relict lake Kravtsove, which is a natural mystery in Stavropol region. This lake can be overgrown and self-clean. The reasons for this phenomenon are still not discovered by scientists. Lake Kravtsove also very rich in peat.

A long time to read the description of the Stavropol territory, its rivers, lakes, endless steppes and the beautiful mountain scenery, but there is no substitute for personal presence. Better to see it with my own eyes. Rivers and lakes of Stavropol territory is something that is certainly worth a look.