The mouth of the river Obi. The position on the map of Russia.

By the confluence of the waters of the Katun and Biya is born the mighty Ob river. The source and its mouth located at a distance of 3650 miles away from each other. If this distance is measured from the mouth of the Irtysh river, the main tributary of the Ob, it will be 5410 miles. Parameters allow you to enroll in the Ob category of the longest rivers of Russia. In Asia, it is second in extent.

Geographic location of the river

Given the conditions of supply of the reservoir, character of the river network, the water regime, the Ob is divided into three parts. From the source to the mouth there are upper, middle and lower parts of the river.

The Upper part of the Ob starts from the confluence of the Biya and Katun with the ends at the mouth of the Tom river is a tributary of the Ob. Here the river often meanders, changing its direction of flow, then turning North, then West.
The Middle part of the Ob comes from the merger with Tomi to the confluence of the Irtysh. From this place starts the lower section of the river that extends to the Gulf of Ob. Here is the mouth of the river Obi.
Altai Krai, Tomsk and Novosibirsk region, Yamalo-Nenets and Khanty-Mansi Autonomous district is a major industrial regions of Russia, where the river Ob.
The source and the mouth of the reservoir are located in different climatic zones due to the large distance from each other.

Origin of the name of the river

Scientists give different explanations to the origin of the name Obi. One version indicates that it comes from the Russian word "both". The Ob originates after the confluence of two (two) rivers. The mouth of the Ob river was surveyed by the Russian merchants even before the conquests of Yermak. All the territory adjacent to the river, then called Obdorsky.

It is possible that the word Ob, meaning "water" comes to us from the Iranian language. Exactly what could be called deep river peoples that lived in ancient times on the territory of the South of Western Siberia.

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People living at the mouth of the Ob river, today called the river in their own way. Salle-Yam - "hill river". The so-called Ob Nenets. Khanty and Mansi call it AC, which means "big river". From the language of the Selkups name translates as "big river".

Power of the river

The Main source of replenishment of the water level in the Ob river are rainfall. For this reason, the flood is celebrated in the spring, summer and fall are periods of active snowmelt and rainfall.

In the upper reaches of the river flood begins in early April, in the middle reaches - in the second half of the month. In the lower part of the reservoir and the mouth of the Ob river, raising the water level begins in late April and lasts throughout may.
The Period of floods caused by melting snow is replaced by rain floods. In the lower reaches of the river he can continue until freeze-up. Depending on the section of the river and nature of weather conditions in the area of Ob may be under the ice during the year from 180 to 220 days.

Fauna of the pond

In the waters of the Ob found a large variety of fish species that are of commercial value. The most valuable of them - Peled, sturgeon, whitefish, sturgeon, whitefish, white salmon. At the mouth of the river is the spawning of some of these types. Their capture is regulated by specific laws and government regulations.
On an industrial scale and caught such fish as pike perch, bream, carp, perch, pike, burbot, IDE.

The Mouth of the river Obi, the coordinates of which coincide with the Arctic circle, is the habitat of many species of waterfowl. Some of them are listed in the Red book and are under state protection.

Cities and ports Obi

The river has Long attracted people. She was not only a source of fresh water, but also provide human food. On its banks, and to this day, there are more than one hundred settlements. Among them are large industrial city, which has a modern river ports. Navigation on the Ob river and its tributaries began to develop in the XVIII century.

The City, located at the mouth of the Ob river and the lower parts of its course, are considered the most promising in its development. These include Salekhard, Labytnangi, Nizhnevartovsk, Megion, Nefteyugansk, Langepas.
In Surgut across the river built a bridge, it enables to cross the Ob road and rail transport at any time of the year. All in all, on different parts of the Obi is built about two dozen bridges, which greatly facilitates the communication between the towns and cities of the right and left banks of the river.

Gulf of Ob Gulf and mouth of the Ob river

Today it is known that the mouth of the Ob river is the beginning of one of the largest bays of the Kara sea - Ob. The first scientific descriptions of these areas belong to late nineteenth century, they were produced thanks to the heroic actions of Arctic explorers. The close study of the territory began long before the advent of these descriptions.
The length of the Bay from North to South is about 800 miles. Its width varies from several meters to tens of kilometers, the depth of the Bay also varies. The salinity of the coastal waters is very low due to the large volumes of fresh water,which brings the Ob river and other smaller rivers.
From the confluence of the Irtysh to the village Peregrebnoe the river is flowing in one deep channel. Downstream the river becomes smaller and divides into two branches, forming Large and Small Ob.
In the mouth of the Ob river there is a large number of Islands dissected by numerous ducts. The slow flow of the river in this area is due to a slight slope of the land surface. The answer to the question of the mouth of the Ob river, is situated North or South of the Arctic circle, gives you the opportunity to get an idea about the weather conditions of the region. Given that the coordinates of the mouth of the river have on the 66 th parallel, you can quite accurately describe the climate of the region. Long winters with low temperatures, short summers with variable weather, a short growing period make the edge of the harsh, unsuitable for human habitation.