To date igneous rocks are the most common rocks that make up approximately 65% of the total volume of the crust. These substances are formed from liquid magma and are a result of crystallization.
Igneous rocks and the mechanism of their formation
For anybody not a secret that the earth is magma — a viscous substance which contains complex silicate complexes enriched with gases and water vapors. The temperature of molten magma in some places can reach 1200 degrees Celsius. As a result of different geological processes (e.g., divergence of tectonic plates, the eruption of volcanoes) molten magma moves towards the earth's surface.
With the rise of the temperature of magmatic material falls — so the processes of crystallization and formation of new minerals. First kristallizuetsya substances with a high melting point — the amphiboles and pyroxenes. This is so as long as the entire mass of magma will not turn into resistant rock.
Igneous rocks and their structure
Rocks differ in their structure, which primarily depends on the speed with which the magma hardens. If the substance is cooled slowly, rising from the earth, this leads to the formation of large crystals. But rapid cooling has the opposite effect — the formation of small crystals.
But most often the ascent and cooling of magma is mixed. Depending on the size of the crystals igneous rocks are divided into:
Classification of igneous rocks by way of eruption and cooling of magma.
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1. Massive — formed if magma is erupting a continuous stream. Among such species there are the following types:
2. Vulcanologia breed — the name itself suggests how the magma comes from the earth's interior. Molten rock erupt in the form of sprays and bursts, cooling down in the air. This:
Igneous rocks and their mineralogical composition.
Today there are four main kinds of minerals. Almost any igneous rock composed of them. This:
Igneous rocks are significantly different from sediment in the first place its chemical composition: they are composed of silicates or aluminosilicates.
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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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