Anathema – Christian is excommunication from the sacraments and from contact with the faithful. Was used as a punishment for particularly grave sins before the Church.
Comes from the Greek word αναθεμα for something dedicated to God, an offering to the temple, a gift. In the Greek translation of the Bible was used to convey the Hebrew term (herem) – something that is cursed, the outcasts and the people doomed to destruction. It is influenced by Hebrew the meaning of the word “cursed” has acquired a negative meaning and has been interpreted as the fact that people rejected, is doomed to destruction and therefore cursed.
The question of the necessity of anathema and its admissibility is one of the most difficult Church problems. In the entire history of the Church as the use and non-use of this punishment was dictated by a succession of specific circumstances, chief of which was the extent of the danger which was represented by the sinner to the Church community.
In the middle ages both in the East and in the West has confirmed the view, introduced by the blessed Augustine, that Baptism does not completely remove a person from the Church, and even the anathema may not close completely the way for the salvation of souls. And still such punishment in the early middle Ages in the West was seen as “the tradition to eternal perdition". However, I used it only for mortal sins, and only then, when there was absolute perseverance in error, and was thrust to the correction.
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Orthodoxy said that anathema – the Cathedral proclaimed the excommunication of a person (or group) of actions and thoughts which threatened the unity of the Church and purity of doctrine. This act of exclusion was carried educational, doctoral function in relation anathematising and a warning against the believer community. This Kara was applied only after many futile attempts to cause the sinner to repentance and give hope for the future repentance and, as a consequence, the return of man to the Church in the future, and hence to his rescue.
Catholicism still believes that to anathematize means to curse and to deny any hope for salvation. Because different attitude to anathematising left this world. Anathema – it's a curse, says Catholicism, – the penalty for the dead. And Christianity looks at it as an evidence of the separation of the person from the Church, which means that a person can be subjected at any time.
The Act for which able to comprehend this punishment, was to be a major dogmatic or disciplinary offence, cause personal Anathema against schismatics, and false teachers, heretics. Owing to the severity of the punishment resorted to it in very rare cases, when none of the means for sinners its influence did not render.
Pronounced anathema initially “John DOE let him be accursed" which meant literally “let him be excommunicated". Over time the wording has changed. In particular, the term "anathema" is not the subject of excommunication, and the act of excommunication (“DOE-anathema”). Because perhaps the expression “antamatta (em) John DOE and (or) his heresy”.
Because Of the severity of this punishment to subject him could Executive Council of bishops or Synod with a Patriarch at the head, and in particularly difficult situations – the Ecumenical Council. If any Patriarch decide such a question alone, then processed the solution is still as a Cathedral.
Under the imposition of anathema after death it was forbidden to commemorate the soul of the deceased, to funeral service, funeral service, say the prayer.
The Imposition of this punishment did not mean that the path to return to the Church and, consequently, to the rescue was ordered. To remove this highest ecclesiastical punishment, I had to make a complex legal action: the repentance of a sinner in public. In the case of sufficient grounds (comprehensiveness and sincerity of remorse, the lack of threat from the sinner for the rest of the members of the Church and the fulfillment of the statutory penalties), the appointing authority, the punishment could make the decision about forgiveness anathematising. Anathema could be removed after death. Then again permitted any of the types of remembrance of the deceased.
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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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