Nilo-Stolobensky monastery: history, shrines, address. Nilo-Stolobenskaya Pustyn'

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2018-06-10 21:00:32

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With the name of the great ascetic and the ascetic faith of Reverend nil Stolobensky is associated with the Foundation is famous all over the Orthodox world of the monastery, for many centuries, bears his name. Built on the picturesque island of lake Seliger Nilo-Stolobensky monastery, or, as they say, deserts, considered to be the jewel of temple architecture and one of the leading spiritual centers of the country.

Nilo-Stolobensky monastery

The Beginning of the monastic path

The Exact date of the birth of Reverend Nile, is unknown, but from the documents of the old times, show that he was born in the late XV century, in one of the villages located close to Veliky Novgorod. Over years, remain hidden from us, not only the parents ' names and the circumstances connected with the childhood years of the founder of the Nilo-Stolobensky monastery, but even the name given to him in Holy baptism.

The First information about the early life of the monk refers to the period when, after the death of his father and his mother, he decided to devote himself to the service of God. It is known that approximately in 1510, the young man went to the Krypetsky John the Baptist monastery, where he took monastic vows under the name of the Nile in honor of the highly revered Saint of the IV century they Neil faster.

Feat of asceticism

Wanting to imitate the Saint whose name he bore, Neil after five years spent in the monastery, with the blessing of the father-the Abbot left him and cut his cell on the banks of forest rivers of Serambi, took a serious feat of asceticism. There, away from people, he spent a number of years, filling the days and nights in incessant prayers. Partook of the ascetic only grass and oak acorns.

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Nilo Stolobenskaya Pustyn

Migration to Stolobensky island

The Fame of the ascetic spread quickly through the surrounding villages and to the forest cell people began to come, who sought the prayers of the Saint and his spiritual instruction. It's very oppressed of the forest hermit, who wanted to retire from the world, and in 1528, leaving the familiar to him the shore of Senamhi, Neil retired to a more secluded place-on the island Stolobny, surrounded by the waters of lake Seliger and is located in 22 kilometers from the County town of Ostashkov. It was there, and was destined in the future to Shine one of the brightest foci of Orthodoxy ─ Nilo-Stolobensky monastery.

The unusual name of the island on which dwelt the monk, the researchers treated differently. The most common are two versions. On one of them, his name he received because of the external shape resembling a pillar, on the other ─ the result of the fact that it was once a pagan temple, after the destruction which for many years on the island you can see the sacrificial stake.

A Life of ascetic feats

Future founder of the Nilo-Stolobensky monastery spent surrounded by the lake waters for 27 years. His first dwelling was a dugout, hastily dug between the trunks of old trees. Eventually he built a hut and erected near it a small chapel for prayers. From the life of the Reverend Nile knows that the devil repeatedly built against him all kinds of machinations, sending the fire, the gusts of a hurricane destroying its old buildings. He led forest to the hermit's cell and dashing rogues. But every time prayer protected him from adversity.

Among other numerous ascetics, and the ascetics of Orthodoxy nil is a special, according to them, soon after moving to Seliger a vow of neliana, fulfilling which, he even slept standing up, leaning on the hooks driven into the wall cells. Reposed Holy man in 1555, bequeathed to build on the site of his monastery cell. Its mandate was performed as the first Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia job in 1594. At his disposal on the island was founded by Nilo-Stolobenskaya Pustyn.

the Monastery of the Nilo-Stolobenskaya desert how to get

The time of Troubles and the grace of the Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich

Coming soon the seventeenth century brought the Nilo-Stolobensky monastery many tests. In the result of a terrible crop failures occurred during the reign of Boris Godunov, the monastery lost its main livelihood. Subsequently, the situation was exacerbated by the disasters that befell the country in Troubled times, when all the surrounding land and the very deserts were looted perpetrated by Polish-Lithuanian invaders and roving gangs, many appeared in those years.

A Significant improvement in the lives of his brethren came only after the accession to the throne of Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich ─ the founder of the Romanov dynasty. Nourishing a deep respect to the first Abbot of the monastery Archimandrite Nectarius, he commanded at public expense every year to send in the Nilo-Stolobenskaya desert a certain amount of money and edibles. This tradition, preserved in the next century, was maintained until the October revolution of 1917.

Start monastery construction

Following decades of the seventeenthcentury was marked by the construction of numerous monastic buildings. These include wooden five-domed Church of the Intercession and Church of the Epiphany, which replaced a chapel on the grave of the monk nil, burned during one of the fires.

During this period on the territory of the Nilo-Stolobensky monastery appeared newly built communal cells, as well as hotel and hospital corps. The very same desert territory surrounded with a fence, erecting above the main gate the bell tower equipped with a clock with the battle, which at that time was an unheard of luxury. Until the end of the century, the monastery enjoyed the favor of reigning persons, generous donations which were given the opportunity to begin construction of the stone monastery buildings.

Shrine of the Nilo-Stolobensky monastery

The life of the monastery in the eighteenth century

In the history of the Nilo-Stolobensky monastery of the XVIII century marked the beginning of many adverse events resulting from the policy pursued towards the Church by the Emperor Peter I. This is a partial secularization (the rejection), she owned land, and the forcible recruitment of young monks undertaken during the great Northern war. The result was the suspension of construction on the territory of the monastery and a significant reduction in the number of its inhabitants.

Only in 1756, the situation had improved significantly due to the fact that on the basis of the decision of the Holy Synod were committed Church-wide canonization of Reverend nil Stolobensky. Now he began to appear in the calendar along with the rest of the saints of God, and in his days the memory of ─ 7 (20) December and may 27 (June 9) in all Russian churches began to ascend befitting the occasion of the prayer and hymn, specially composed Ostashkov Archpriest Andrei (by Kolokolova).

The Glorification of the Saint, whose relics, as before, rested in Nilo-Stolobensky monastery began to attract large crowds of pilgrims that the most favorable impact on the financial welfare of the brethren.

The Center of world pilgrimage

In the ensuing thereupon the XIX century the situation of the monastery have been further strengthened, and with full confidence we can say that he became the most revered in all of the upper Volga. It is known that in 1820, to venerate Holy places of the Nilo-Stolobensky monastery wished the Emperor Alexander I. At the Seliger he arrived not with empty hands. This is evidenced by the fact that shortly after his visit to the monastery was widely deployed construction work, which resulted in the construction of the unprecedented beauty of the architectural complex.

the history of the Nilo Stolobenskaya monastery

In the following reign, when the Emperor Nicholas I, its centre was built in 1833, the majestic building of the Cathedral of the Epiphany, and a few years later was made a complete reconstruction of the entire surrounding territory. In addition, unusual for the time event was the construction of a granite embankment stretched along the entire circumference of the island, which is a Nilo-Stolobensky monastery. Lake Seliger has become its picturesque natural setting. As a result, by the end of the century, the monastery enjoyed such fame that became the second most visited pilgrimage site in the world, second only to the Holy sepulcher in Jerusalem.

New government

The Coming to power of Bolsheviks in 1917 put an end to the prosperity of the Nilo-Stolobensky monastery. In February, 1919, despite numerous protests on the part of the inhabitants of the monastery and of the broader local community, was opened cancer blasphemous and confiscated the relics of Reverend Nile Stolobensky and handed them over to the exposition of the local Museum. Simultaneously, the monastery was looted, comparable only to the disaster of the Troubled times. Not counting other values, only the silver Church plate was removed more than 33 pounds.

The Lost relic

However, the life in the monastery continued for 9 years. Finally he was closed in 1928. The first time the monks left the premises housed a labor commune, which was then replaced by the colony for juvenile delinquents. From 1939 to 1940 and the monastic buildings were used for the detention of Polish prisoners of war, most of whom were then shot.

During the great Patriotic war on the territory that once belonged to the monastery housed a military hospital and from 1945 ─ again a colony for juvenile offenders. In 60-e years there was organized a nursing home, and in 1971 the territory, and all surviving buildings were transferred to the Committee on tourism at all, then the island began to operate the camp «Dawn». However, in 1988, all the old monastic buildings came into such disrepair that the decision of the building Commission further use without major repairs found it impossible, and the base was closed.

Nilo-Stolobensky monastery, lake Seliger

The Beginning of the revival of the monastery

A Fresh wind of change, boweavil over the country in the years of perestroika, was not spared and Nilo-Stolobensky monastery. Tver oblast in which it is located, was in the forefront of events related to the transfer of the Church illegally taken from it in former times objects. In1990 the monastic compound, recognized long before this valuable historical-architectural object and taken under protection of the state, was transferred to the ROC.

A year later, at the end of some of the most important restoration works in the Cathedral of the Annunciation for the first time in many years, was Liturgy. It served the head of the Tver and Kashin diocese Archbishop Victor (Oleynik). Other highlights of the process of revival of the monastery was transferred to him from Ostashkov local history Museum of the relics of Reverend Nile Stolobensky and glorification in the face of the martyrs, the monks of the monastery who became victims of the Soviet regime, which carried out a total terror against priests.

The Pearl of lake Seliger

Today, as in past years, among the most important foci of the Russian Orthodox Church has risen and Nilo-Stolobensky monastery. Patriarch Kirill and other heads of the Russian Orthodox Church often visited him, performing the prayers within the walls of one of the most beautiful cathedrals, built by masters of the XIX century and brought back to life after decades of spiritual darkness and desolation. Frequent guests become members of the Russian government. Same here from all over the country are going and the many pilgrims wishing to see this ancient monastery.

Nilo-Stolobensky monastery of Tver oblast

Nilo-Stolobenskaya deserts: how to get there

Anyone wishing to visit the monastery as pilgrims or tourists must first drive to the town of Ostashkov, located it at a distance of 22 km and Those who do not have personal transportation, can be reached by rail. For Muscovites is a direct train Moscow ─ Ostashkovo, departing from Leningradsky station.

St. Petersburg, in turn, can use the train to the Great Bow and departing from Moscow railway station. The last stage of the journey can be done on one of the regular buses from the station to the village Room, located on the banks of lake Seliger. They are sent at intervals of 1-1. 5 hours. Incidentally, on the Peninsula stretching into the lake, is part of the buildings belonging to the monastery.

Nilo-Stolobenskaya Pustyn, whose address Tverskaya obl., Ostashkovsky district, p/o front room, hospitably opens doors for all willing to see its sights and to worship the relics stored here.


Article in other languages:

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/duho-nae-razv-cce/9061-n-la-stolobenskiy-manastyr-g-storyya-svyatyn-adras-n-la-stolobenskaya-.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/die-geistige-entwicklung/9059-nilo-stolobenskiy-kloster-geschichte-schreine-adresse-nilo-w-sten-stol.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/el-desarrollo-espiritual/9065-nilo-stolobenskiy-el-monasterio-de-la-historia-de-la-santidad-de-la-di.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/ruhani-damuy/9063-nilo-stolobenskiy-monastyr-aza-stan-tarihy-sh-s-bi-n-bosandy-meken-zha.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/rozw-j-duchowy/9063-nilo-stolobenskiy-klasztor-historia-sanktuarium-adres-nilo-stolobenska.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/desenvolvimento-espiritual/9059-nilo-stolobenskiy-convento-hist-ria-de-santidade-de-endere-o-nilo-stol.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/ruhsal-geli-im/9067-nilo-stolobenskiy-manast-r-tarih-t-rbe-adresi-nilo-stolobenskaya-ller.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/duhovniy-rozvitok/9065-nilo-stolobenskiy-monastir-stor-ya-svyatin-adresu-nilo-stolobenskaya-p.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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