Stairs to the second floor. How to make a ladder to the second floor?

In the modern world people are trying to improve their homes, make it comfortable and convenient. But sometimes in order to realize all ideas, requires too much space. For this reason, recently, the preference for two-storey homes. The advantage of these structures lies in the fact that the increase of residential space is due to the height of the house.

However, having defined with this option, it is worth considering that one of the most important steps is the choice of the stairs. Not everyone understands the seriousness of this issue. Because of the strength and reliability of the design will depend on the safety of people living there. Below let us consider what are the ladder for the home.

Types of stairs for private house

The diversity of designs and the design can be divided into three subspecies:

• Screw-down;
• Main;
• Composite.

When deciding on the form of a ladder, you must consider the total area of the house, the location of bearing walls, interior design, and other factors. Unfortunately, not always any option suitable in all specifications.

Helical structure

Spiral stairs to the second floor are quite common. They represent the core responsible for the support, arranged around it in a spiral steps. This kind of is ideal for small spaces, but it is worth noting that its structure is not very comfortable and sometimes even dangerous. Wide spiral staircase takes up about 1 sq. m. Its construction is possible in any place, regardless of the location of walls, Windows, doors. Often data structures can be found in the center of the room, which does not weigh down the space, but rather gives it a certain charm and sophistication.

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Stairway

Simple and safe stairs design fits well in the spacious home. Its classic design, the straightness of the forms and strict lines will give the space simple and uncluttered. Typically, these types of ladders to the second floor consists of two ramps and platforms between them. This design gives the building a majestic appearance. To the stairs were comfortable enough, professionals recommend to withstand a certain height and width of the steps, and their number should be no more than 16 on one flight.

These structures can be given different shapes: G - or U-shaped. The first option is a two flights of stairs, connected at right angles and passing near adjacent walls. In turn, you can equip the Playground or to install the rotary stage. If you make it in the spacious lobby or living room, the equipped wardrobe, storage or just shelves where you can place a lot of things.

U-shaped designs are large in size and are often used in hotels, mansions, houses of culture. This is mainly due to the fact that the dimensions of these ladders is designed for high capacity. Their design consists of three marches. In the beginning is the first (widest), at the end of it is a stairwell, and already from it are the other two flights, which are relative to each other are arranged at an angle of 180 degrees.

These types of stairs to the second floor are considered the most comfortable and ergonomic, so are in great demand. They are completely safe for children and the elderly.

Combined ladder

These models – the most balanced in all respects. They can simultaneously combine the crooked and the straight, curved, spiral, curved elements. Specific rules in the preparation of construction no. This takes into account personal preferences of the owners, features of the plan and imagination of the designer. It should be noted that these are the types of stairs to the second floor of the most original and beautiful. They perform not only its intended purpose, but also are a Central object in the interior.

Material for stairs

To build a frame ladder indoors, you can use materials such as metal, brick, wood, cinder block, natural stone. The role of the finishes can be plastic inserts, stainless steel, glass, and other items.

Consider the most popular types:

• Wood Staircase. This material is relatively inexpensive, easily processed, it can be painted with the paint compositions. Stairs to the second floor (the design is quite a variety) can be produced from inexpensive wood (such as pine), and from the valuable, even exotic. This is what directly affects their price. Most majestic look at the models that use several types of wood.
• Metal structures – the most durable and the most durable of the stairs. Such material can act as a base for a construction, which in the subsequentwill be clad with wood or stone, as well as independent subject. Railings can be decorated with wrought iron elements, handrails – stainless steel or chromed metal. Ideal for such interior styles as minimalism, high-tech, classic.
• Stone stairs. The frame of this model may give using the special blocks, or a flight of stairs and poured the whole plate. Such structures are quite cumbersome and bulky in installation possible at initial stage of construction of the house. They are strong and durable. These ladders are often natural or artificial stone.

Building stairs: highlights

How to make a ladder to the second floor? This question is quite often asked by many people. In order to answer this question, you must first learn the basics of the support structure. So, what it is:

• Rack is used in spiral staircases, they provide support, have a vertical position.
• String-beam, which creates a secure base for the steps, supporting their bottom and sides.
• The Strings – a one-piece structure consisting of beams with overhangs. What they are used for direct attachment of the step.
• Bolza – the reference pins, which is a bolted connection, through which notches are securely fastened to the wall.

Also at independent design of stairs is very important to correctly calculate the angle of elevation, the fortress of the support structure, the width and height of the steps.

Matching staircase design and styles of interiors

In what room will be equipped with a ladder to the second floor, does not really matter. This issue must be guided by the ease of use and the presence of certain dimensions of the room. The main thing is to make precise measurements and to determine the purpose of the room, it's not entirely ethical to do a passage, for example, from the bedroom. This is especially important to consider when making projects, stairs to the second floor with their hands.

Also pay attention to the overall design of the house, as the shape, the finish, the color scheme must match each other. Of course, practicality and reliability ladders – quite significant criteria, however, to neglect the design is also impossible, because the living space should be harmonious and aesthetic.

• Country Style. Most relevant for these houses will be wooden stairs, simple, without unnecessary frills.
• Minimalism. Suitable light, compact design without heavy and bulky railings.
• Art Deco. Bright and unusual stairs with original shapes and finishing. It must comply with the basic contrast of the piece of furniture.
• High-tech. The combination of glass and metal. Most organically fit lightweight model with chrome elements.
• Baroque. Voluminous, magnificent design of the ornate shape. These ladders are often decorated with gilding, openwork carving, sculptures, stucco.

How to build a ladder?

Certain types of ladders are installed in different ways. For example, the construction on strings is planned for the under construction house, on a stand – during finishing. So let's see how to install hardwood stairs to the second floor.

Installation instructions:

• Plan for the project, which will be calculated the optimal size, angle, number of steps etc.
• Installation of the base. You can use the string or strings. When establishing the girder supports necessary to sustain the level.
• Proceed to the steps. Optimum Board thickness - not less than 35 cm Width and height podstupennikov should be of a size that is convenient to move the stairs. It is necessary to monitor the quality of the wood, as this will depend on the strength and durability of the structure. The length of the steps should match the width of the stairs. It is necessary to Polish the surface and to cut the sharp edge.
• Once all the necessary number of steps prepared, you are ready to install them. They are mounted with wood glue and screws.
• The Railing. For them perfect ready-made handrail or banister. They can be of different design and shape. Mounting of handrails occurs at the beginning and the end of the stairs.
• After installation, the wood should primed and cover any of the paint composition. It is worth to note that for steps you can not find a cover that will form a slippery surface. It is extremely dangerous and can lead to serious consequences.
• The last step is the decoration of places of fastening. It is recommended to install a special plug.

Important tips

The Width and height of steps-a fairly significant caveat in the construction of the stairs. Climbing on it should be comfortable for each family member. On this basis, developed compliance standards, for example 18:28, 17:29,19:29.

The Most comfortable and safe slope of the stairs – 40 degrees. View of the stairs from the second floor in any case should not be threatening, it can lead to the fact that the child just refuses to go down alone.

The Staircase in the house – a very important piece of furniture. It is not only used in order to get to the second floor, but also give using this design space, the originality and contrast.