The thermostat for the cellar: user manual and connection diagram

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2018-03-21 16:22:13

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Use the thermostat for the cellar to ensure the most comfortable conditions for storage of vegetables and fruits. There are many types of designs – one intended for use in the basement, the other – for installation on the balconies. The design of the balcony boxes are very simple – the box with quality insulation, installed inside the heating elements, which maintain optimal temperature. This mini-cellar will be very helpful if the balcony unheated, and the winter's extreme cold.

General principle of operation of a controller

The easiest homemade thermostat for cellars maintains the preset temperature value by the heating elements. Depending on what the temperature difference, you can use these elements to heat:

  1. Powerful wire wound resistors.
  2. Nichrome spiral.
  3. Bulb.
  4. Elements.

If you want to align the temperature in a small range, it is enough to install several light bulbs – exactly what is done in makeshift incubators for poultry. But if you want to equalize the temperature in a large range, you will need to use more effective tools – electric heating elements or wire wound resistors.

the thermostat for the cellar

The easiest way to maintain the desired temperature – to install bimetal temperature sensor. It will disable the heating elements when a predetermined temperature value. But you can use a temperature sensor and simple electronic device on a single chip. The advantage of this design is that it is more secure – there are no mechanical breakers. All work on switching performed by the chip.

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Sensor Calibration

For the novice radio Amateurs the most difficult will be to configure the device, namely, sensor calibration and IC. This is done several steps – the reader is immersed first in water whose temperature is 0 degrees, then in boiling water. To make the calibration of the regulator, it is necessary to spend measurement of intermediate values and put appropriate labels.

the thermostat for the cellar diagram

It is possible that before connecting the thermostat will need to perform the setup procedure several times. But not to bother with self-manufacturing and adjustment of the machine, you can buy a ready device and without any problems put in the cellar. A large part of the sensors are designed to work with microcontrollers, the output from the digital signal, which is transmitted via the bidirectional odnoprovodnoi interface type 1-WIRE. This allows you to construct fairly complex device such as a multipoint thermometers – devices that allow for temperature measurements in several areas.

The LM335 temperature Controller

Among all the thermostats you can select the cheapest and easiest – LM335. It has a few modifications – with the notation 235, 135. In marking, the first digit indicates the scope of application:

  1. Digit “1” indicates that the device is intended for use in devices for the defense industry.
  2. The Number “2” – element is used in the industry.
  3. “3” – for installation in household appliances.

Appearance of controller – housing to-92. Internal circuit contains 16 solid-state transistors. Sometimes the sensors can be found in package SO-8, however, differences are observed only in the appearance – internal circuitry remains unchanged.

homemade thermostat for cellars

The Principle of operation is somewhat similar to a Zener diode. Temperature depends directly on the voltage stabilization. With the increase in temperature of 10 Kelvin is an increase in voltage stabilization for 10 mV. The working current of the device – 0,45-5,0 mA. If the maximum value of current will occur overheating of the sensor and it will carry out temperature measurements of his body.

What's reading?

But how will behave in the schema of the thermostat for the cellar this device? You need to figure it out. For example, in room absolute zero – 273 degrees below zero Celsius. Is 0 To hence you will have to do a little conversion value. In conditions, when the temperature is 0 K, the sensor will produce a signal.

thermostat for cellars on the balcony

As soon As there will be an increase in temperature of 10 K, the voltage will increase by 0.01 volt. And it will happen with every increase in temperature. But keep in mind that such temperatures do not exist, and 0 degrees Celsius – 273 K. Normal conditions, according to all the textbooks, – 25 degrees Celsius, or 298 K. after a few simple steps, you can determine that at a temperature of 25 degrees Celsius at the signal output of the sensor will be the voltage in volt 2,9815.

The temperature Range in which the device lies in the interval -40..+100 degrees Celsius. Moreover, the characterization of its linear in this range – this facilitates the calculation of stresses and temperatures. And don't forget that absolute zero – 273,15 K. the exact calculation should not be disregarded even hundredths of values.

Regulator Circuittemperature

At the device there is a kind of manual. The thermostat can be made according to the scheme given in some datasheets. This is a detailed guide that describes all the possible schemes of the device, its basic characteristics, features of the work. And nothing more no need to invent – all designs are proven and work steadily.

connecting the thermostat

All of the industrial designs ready devices thermostats are made exactly according to the scheme specified in some datasheets. One thing you need to consider – to control the heating element directly, as the signal is very weak. You will need to use an amplifier on the field transistor or Assembly. The amplified signal can be fed to the magnetic starter or relay.

Comparator

Comparator – this device, which compares the temperature with the specified value. Without knowing the basics of how it works, you can't make a thermostat for cellars on the balcony. The basis of the scheme is from the LM311 comparator – it has two inputs and as many outputs. Inputs:

  1. Direct – marked with “+”.
  2. Inverted – is designated “–”.

The Algorithm is very simple:

  1. If the direct input voltage by more than the inverse, the output is set to high level. Is opening the transistor and the inclusion of heating.
  2. If the inverted input voltage is above the set low level.
  3. Upon reaching the operating temperature (it is a variable resistor) goes in the low level – the transistor is closed and the heater is de-energized.

How to connect the device with heater

manual thermostat

Heating element – is the load of the entire device. It is desirable that the switching elements had a margin of safety-put relay with a degree of protection corresponding to the wet areas, or magnetic actuators. The signal from the microcontroller must be submitted to the field transistor to increase. Only after that it can be used to control the coils of relay or contactor included in the circuit supply. As the thermostat for the cellar will be in a humid environment, take care of security – check circuit breakers and RCD.


Article in other languages:

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/hatn-tul-nasc/21527-termaregulyatar-dlya-sklepa-nstrukcyya-shema-padluchennya.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/gem-tlichkeit/21537-temperaturregler-f-r-den-weinkeller-anleitung-und-anschlussplan.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/la-comodidad-del-hogar/21558-regulador-de-temperatura-para-la-bodega-la-instrucci-n-y-el-esquema-de.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/domashniy-uyut/21517-termoretteg-sh-sh-n-pogreba-n-s-auly-zh-ne-osu-shemasy.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/komfort-domu/21483-termostat-do-piwnicy-instrukcja-i-schemat-pod-czenia.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/o-aconchego-do-lar/21486-temperatura-de-adega-a-instru-o-e-o-esquema-de-liga-o.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/domashniy-uyut/21527-termostat-i-in-kiler-kullan-m-k-lavuzu-ve-ba-lant-emas.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/domashn-y-zatishok/21504-termoregulyator-dlya-l-ohu-nstrukc-ya-shema-p-dklyuchennya.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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