Pensions: the order of calculation and rules

Critical for older people is pensions. Now have to figure out how expect put on the law the size of state support of the population, to whom it is issued and that this will require. The pension reform entailed certain changes. They are known not to everyone. So what features will have to pay attention all future and current retirees?

Benefits

For Example, what is the pension in principle. Not everyone understands, about what state support there is a speech.

Pension is a monthly payment to a certain size, assessed as state welfare. Payments can be of several types. They are formed with specific features. They will be discussed later.

The appointment of the pension occurs only in case of observance of certain conditions. Quite a lot of them. And they depend directly depends on what type of state support is involved.

Types of benefits

What are pension payments? Today in Russia there are the following pension:

• Age;
• Disability;
• Labor;
• For loss of a breadwinner;
• For years of service;
• Storage;
• Base.

Most Often, the pensions imply employment benefits. They are assigned to all the citizens who have received a certain experience. However all other measures of state support also should not be forgotten.

Age experience

And when you can qualify for such financial aid? The basic conditions for its execution is the age of the individual, and also working experience. For the purpose of pension a person must reach a certain age and work a specific number of years. However, in the absence of any seniority pensioner will not be left without a livelihood. It will still begin to pay a pension. But not too high. This will be discussed later.

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In Russia, men and women today retire at different ages. Strong half of society has a right to retirement at age 60. Women were retiring at 55 years old. It is also permitted to continue to work.

Experience of working in the Russian Federation is the value which for some time constantly increasing. In 2016, it was necessary to work not less than 5 years. In such case, you can claim for a retirement pension. And in 2017 minimum work experience increased to 7 years.

Up To 2025 in Russia a system of increasing demands for pensions. The plan calls for raising the minimum work experience of 15 years. But note that there are non-working periods, which will be counted as work.

Of unearned periods

What exactly is it? According to the rules, not always people have to work and get work experience. Under certain circumstances, the lack of formal employment does not interfere with the obtaining of the minimum necessary for the purpose of state support in old age.

For unearned periods will be considered as work, include:

• Newborn care;
• Care for the disabled aged over 80 years;
• Military service;
• Stay with her husband, are serving in regions with employment problems of the population;
• The time of receipt of benefits for temporary disability or unemployment;
• Care for the disabled of the 1st group;
• Illegal stay in jail;
• Stay wives/husbands of diplomats and consuls abroad.

Accordingly, it is possible to actively use all of these periods for seniority. But each item has its own characteristics. For example, if a citizen was framed as caring for a disabled person, after the expiry of the period he should get a formal job. For spouses of consuls and diplomats seniority accrued during residence outside the Russian Federation may not exceed 5 years. And 6 years can you get for child care up to 1.5 years (only 4 kids).

The Government are urging the public to make active use of all non-working periods in order to be guaranteed a pension in the prescribed amounts.

Early retirement

Under certain circumstances it is possible to be retired early. This practice takes place and is actively used by the population. The right to early pensions are regulated by the law No. 400 of December 28, 2013. What does it say?

Some persons in compliance with specific conditions are entitled to well-deserved rest before the rest of the citizens. The reason for this can be given by the following situations:

• Performing dangerous or heavy work;
• Work in the public sphere (medicine, education, public service);
• Work as pilots or stay among the participants of the flight rosters;
• If a citizen has work experience in the far North and other regions equated to it.

This is not a complete list. But it is in practice the most common. It is important to remember that retirement occurs at presence at the citizen of not less than 30 pension credits. In some situations, you also need to havecontinuity of employment or reaching a specific age.

Components of pension

To date, the pension payments include 3 main components. They include:

• The base part;
• Storage;
• Insurance.

These payments will form the size of the state support of the population. What does each one do?

The Base part is referred to as a fixed payment determined by the government. It is necessary for the maintenance of life.

The Cumulative part is, you can tell fees that makes a citizen employer. Contributions to the Pension Fund. A person has the right to conduct appropriate assessments. The Foundation funded part of the pension is determined by the size of all the deductions.

The Insurance part of the pension is a kind of compensation for employment in Russia. That it is called labor. Depends on the duration of labor, rate of pay for the position, as well as age, in which there was a pension.

About the rules of counting

Plays a Huge role, as already mentioned, the payment of labour type. The purpose of pension insurance is a very important caveat. In Russia appeared a simple system of calculating the amount stipulated payments.

According to the latest information submitted by the Pension Fund of Russia, citizens can find out the size of the state support of the population in the following way - multiply the number of pension points in a lifetime cost of one point. Next to this amount is added to a basic pension. In the end, get the size of the pension appointed by the state.

The Main problem is to count the existing pension credits and in receiving information about the cost of one of such points. These components change every year. In 2017, one point is worth 78 rubles 28 kopecks. But the basic payment is 4 805 rubles 11 kopecks. Similar information is current at 1 February 2017.

Indexing

Retirement savings in Russia are indexed annually. This kind of measure to maintain disabled people in a viable state. Usually, indexing is performed 2 times a year. The pension is not affected, all allocations take effect automatically.

In 2017, the indexation was carried out. Instead, pensioners are guaranteed a lump sum payment in the amount of 5 000 rubles. Such a forced measure. It was adopted under the prevailing crisis in the country.

However, full indexation is not canceled. It is possible to count again. Recalculation of pensions is carried out by the state. To think about how to do this, you should not.

Social benefit

Terms of pensions varied. Not all citizens can gain the retirement necessary experience. In this case, they are able to rely on a social pension.

But you still need to follow a few simple conditions. Namely:

1. The Citizen must have the citizenship of the Russian Federation for at least 15 years. Either be resident in the country specified earlier time period.
2. Reach a specific age. The social pension are entitled to all citizens, but it is paid later employment. Women get it at 60 and men at 65.

No More requirements there. The size of the social pension is not as high as in the case of labour payments.

Appointment

And what will it take to receive state support in old age? What is the procedure for pension? Where to apply to become a retiree?

Every citizen in compliance with the previously listed conditions must be in the territorial Pension Fund of Russia and to write the application for granting pension payments. He brings with him certain documents. Their list varies depending on the category of the citizen.

Often requires:

• Application form (taken by the FIU, filled);
• ID (passport);
• Social security number;
• Account details to transfer the money (preferably, but not necessarily);
• Reference on family composition (optional);
• Birth certificates of all children;
• Military ID (for men);
• Reference pointing to a certain non-working periods which will be considered a work;
• Work book;
• Documents proving the business activities (if any).

No More references will be required. The appointment and payment of pensions is made in the shortest time possible. The list of required paperwork varies depending on the situation. Often necessary to enclose certificates of disability.

Conclusion

Now it is clear, as is the appointment of labour pension, or any other. Systems of calculation of pension payments is also known. In Russia in recent years a great importance has the formation of the funded part of pensions. Often citizens make voluntary contributions in private pension funds, to have established a Fund to certain funds.

The Russian Pension system is extremely complex sphere of life. It is constantly changing.Therefore, the changes should follow every citizen. Appointment of old age pension, like any other, not causing problems to the population.