What is the power? This phenomenon is not only of concern to theorists of science, but also many others, including politicians and mere mortals. This interest is quite understandable, because this phenomenon is associated with the position an individual or group in the pyramid companies.
Approaches to understanding
The Classical definition States that the government – a combination of those techniques and methods that allow one to control others. Moreover, the techniques and methods, as a rule, expressed in three classical forms: law, authority and/or violence. Needless to say, that they can complement and sometimes be converted into each other. This clearly demonstrates the historical development of the phenomenon.
So, according to political scientist Duverger, in its formation power was manifested in four major forms. The first of them is called anonymous, or sprayed. Its spread it had at a very early stage of human civilization and, in fact, belonged to all. Second – it's individualized. It naturally evolved from anonymous, as was evidenced by the formation of a Council of elders, then-leader, after - monarch. The Modern stage of development of power as a social phenomenon is called institutionalised. It is a kind of alloy of the first two forms: the government theoretically belongs to everyone, but certain institutions, such as parties. Also today there is a kind of style – supranational authority. This phenomenon is characterized by the fact that the opportunity to influence the processes taking place in society, formed within the territory of one state, have a supranational organization.
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Each of the four species had at its disposal a certain set of tools, which determined the types of power, both political and otherwise.
Types of power
The Main division of power, including political, is conducted on the basis of its compliance with lawful attitudes in society and in the country. But because there are two types: legal and illegal. It should be noted that in this case, the legality can not be associated with legitimacy. So, for example, utilizing the whole range of opportunities, the party can secure power in the state completely legally. But the approval of the people she gets, which automatically leads to its illegitimacy. In this connection it will be appropriate to the aforesaid division to conduct legal, illegal and legitimate.
The Second division of the authorities is carried out according to the sphere of influence. So, the main think of state, market, and political. Market power – this is a set of techniques that allow us to occupy a leading position in the economy. Political – is the ability to influence the opinions of everyone in society. State – a kind of political, in which the influence can be one or all of the above techniques.
The Third division is inherent in the main power state as a subspecies, but given the value of this type, it plays a significant role. Generally, there are two signs: on the subject of power and the way of its implementation. On the subject of the division is carried out depending on the branches of government and affiliation of the subject to them.
But the value for legal scholars, sociologists and political scientists is the division method of implementation: democratic government and undemocratic. The first case involves the use of legitimate methods of influence – law, legal coercion and well-deserved reputation. In relation to the second about the legitimacy cannot be considered. The most striking example here is absolute power. This statement is based on the fact that one entity in its discretion has ruled the lives of all the others. However, the latter case is still a rarity in the modern world against undemocratic power is characteristic of a totalitarian, extremist-religious and authoritarian type.
So, the power – this is still a means of achieving their objectives, it does not matter what field it applies to.
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PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/a-lei/12180-o-poder-pol-tico-o-objetivo-ou-a-ferramenta.html
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UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/zakon/12191-pol-tichna-vlada-ce-meta-chi-zas-b.html
Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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