Features issues of the works of Lermontov. Famous works of M. Y. Lermontov

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2018-03-25 18:42:26

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features and problems of the works of LermontovMikhail Yuryevich Lermontov-the poet unique. Hard to find someone who is not familiar with the works of Lermontov. The list is quite significant: from the poetic lines of “the death of the poet» and «Borodino" (studied at school) to a significant event for the Russian literature of the XIX century – the novel “a Hero of our time”.

If judged on creativity, I can't believe that the fate gave him only 27 years of life. However, his talent and focus on creativity has allowed this man, who lived a short but colorful life, to become a recognized classic. Famous works of Lermontov, like a mirror, reflect his life, his mystically-defined understanding of their place in the world and his own destiny.

What can we expect from the man who in 1830 predicts the overthrow of the Emperor in “black year"? Who knows why at the time of his death (in a duel in the mountains) suddenly broke out a terrible storm?

Pushkin and Lermontov...

It was he who in 1837, after the death of Alexander Pushkin, "the first poet in the Russian Parnassus", gave grounds to feel and understand all his contemporaries that it became vacant. Not for long, though, he held it up to the fateful duel in 1841. Features and problems of Lermontov's works were noticed by his contemporaries. If Alexander Pushkin, Vissarion Belinsky called the “poet of the inner feelings of the soul" of the idea that first was born in the soul and then spills over into society, Mikhail Yurievich – poet, more socially oriented, often taking up the pen under the influence of important phenomena in Russia.

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What is the difference between the personality of Pushkin and Lermontov?

solitude in the works of LermontovIf the world of the young Pushkin was formed in a fairly harmonious, socially stable society during the reign of Emperor Alexander I, which gave reason to think about the Royal virtues, and to socially important ideas of the poet came only at the age of thirty, otherwise was the case with the worldview of Mikhail Yurevich. Are we allowed to talk like features of the problem of the works of Lermontov. After all, his personality has developed during the tyrannical reign of Nicholas I., Instead of realizing the objective reasons, vyvedshie on the Senate square the Decembrist (referring to the corrupting influence on the Russian society and serfdom, respectively, socio-economic backwardness of the country), the Emperor-the policeman has created an unprecedented mechanism of repression. It is about the lack of harmony in Russian society, Lermontov wrote.

A Conscious, distinct protest against the reactionary policies, the rejection of the humiliation of the men of power – this is the particular perspective of Lermontov's works.

The First period of creativity of Lermontov

The works of Mikhail Yuryevich can be divided into three stages.

First period (1828 and 1832) is characterized by a clear imitation of George Gordon Byron. With this great British Lermontov felt a personal spiritual unity.

Byron worked in the period after the French revolution, during a period of radical change, of the rise and collapse of the state of the Emperor Napoleon. Russian poet – in a period of severe reaction after the suppression of the Decembrist uprising: the best sons of the Fatherland were executed, exiled, imprisoned.

The Similarities of the works of Lermontov and Byron

analysis of Lermontov's works

Both poets were United by a rebellious spirit, a rebellious soul. Agree, is not the theme of happiness in the works of Lermontov, not excitable young romance in the initial period of creativity is dominant. Not by chance the aforementioned poets compare themselves with boats going off into a stormy sea (Lermontov - “winding road…”, Byron “Stanzas to a woman when departing from England”).

Poems of Byron (as well as the works of Lermontov), according to the characteristics given to them Belinsky, are the cry of a warrior, but shouting is not appealing, and condescending. In them the tangible and the depth of feeling and suffering of the poet-citizen, and the unrestrained desire for freedom. Imitation of Lord Byron, singer of freedom, helped Mikhail to learn how to write clearly, naturally, captivating, passionate. Meanwhile, in his writings traced Byron's depth. Analysis of Lermontov's works, which shows the maturity of thoughts, gives the opportunity to trace their consonance with the lines of the great Briton. Like Byron, he with the sorrow of the heart assesses his generation, crushed by the reaction, has no future (Lermontov - "Duma" Byron "Pilgrimage Childe-Harold”).

Mikhail, of course, draws to itself, themes and images, and is deeply familiar with the works of other great poets, for example, Pushkin and Goethe. However, it is the legacy of the great Briton he is not just met, but translates (“Jewish melody”, “Dying Gladiator”). Moreover, Lermontov famous works of the period include numerous role models (“Vision”, “the Imitation of Byron”, “Night”).

At the end of this period the poet descend from the paths of imitation of English classics and follows its own poetic way. About this milestone in his work, he wrote very clearly: “No, I'm not Byron, I am another…”

Further development of the poetic gift

The Second period of the poet is marked by moving him to St. Petersburg and admission to the school of cavalry cadets and warrant officers. On the eve of his studies, he wrote the aforementioned poem, “Sail”, after that in his work there is an apparent lull. And it gives the right literary critics to argue that the well-known works of Lermontov in the period of his studies are not created. The young man fully surrenders cadet revelry.

The Exception is, perhaps, the poem “I, the mother of God, now with prayer”. Instead of published, hussar cheers mates “applied” army poetry. Lermontov writes quite effortless rhyming campy jokes, drinking songs sense and, it seems, does not think. However, the originality and the harmony of the rhythm, freshness and accuracy, literacy and metaphorical style, which reveals the analysis of Lermontov's works of this period lead to the conclusion – before us is a fully formed poet. And in order to identify this, we need a serious test.

famous works of Lermontov

“His talent is suddenly broke out, like a lighted candle…”

And yet, a tragedy happened that shook all nature of Mikhail Yurevich. The news that transformed him from reckless hussar in a sense the heart of the citizen, the Herald of truth, was the announcement of the death of Pushkin. Lermontov was sick when he was informed about this loss. At the same time it feels the tragedy of Russia in this moment, deeply outraged that many members of high society had acquitted the killer of Alexander Pushkin-Georges Dantes.

The history of creating ‘the death of the poet”

Lermontov was outraged and poured out "bitter heart", i.e. what is felt on the paper… It was an incomplete version of the work. Has not been written in 16 lines... But when Nikolai Stolypin (a relative on my mother's side), starting a public dispute with the poet, began to argue and to prove that Dantes is a man worthy and honest, patience Lermontov was exhausted, and he set a relative threshold. And then I went into the office, sat at his Desk, and… poured a fiery bash prompt: «And you, the proud descendants...”

Hatred and love in Lermontov's works have never sounded this powerful! It was the work that was given to stir up Russia… a Testament to his fame was the arrest and then the court.

love in the works of Lermontov

The First reference to the Caucasus

Power based on the Seating system (“myself”), had long angered the works of Lermontov. The list of unreliable citizens clearly contained his name. Now it is almost proved that not without a secret gendarmerie wiles took his fatal duel with Martynov.

However, we in their arguments got ahead of myself… go Back to 1937, the response of the authorities to the poem “Death”. Nicholas I fiercely hated Lermontov and personally monitored the severity of his punishment.

Mikhail was transferred to serve in the Caucasus. It was the first link of the poet, which, however, thanks to the efforts of the grandmother and her relations in the light was significantly alleviated, and only lasted a few months.

“novice” and “Demon”

Here begins the third period of creativity of the genius. The impressions from amazing nature of the mountains reflected in the further works of the poet. Thanks to the link Lermontov in the environment of the progressive Russian youth have acquired a huge number of fans. When he returned to St. Petersburg, in the local salons to him was assigned the role of a secular lion. The accumulated bitterness looked for a way out in poetry. Mikhail creates a “novice” and “Demon”. New heroes of Lermontov's works, inspired by the impressions of the Caucasus, attract the reader with his charisma, desire for freedom and perfection of the spirit.

About the poem “novice”…

The plot works captive Georgians, Circassian novice makes a daring and desperate escape and for three days trying to get away from his pursuers. And on the fourth it helpless in a dying condition, but intoxicated by the smell of freedom, take back – to the monastery.

Belinsky believed that the image of the novice, the reader begins to observe features of the problem of the works of Lermontov. This powerful and solid literary image of the young man who fled "the terrible hours”, “storm”, when all the rest, stricken with fear, were “at the altar” and “prostrate lying on the ground" of the right contained a hint of choking, stinking, repressive social and political atmosphere of Russia of the early XIX century.

Analysis of Lermontov's works, according to literary critic Belinsky, demonstrates their Central images of the personality of the poet.

The steady beat of the hammered strings of iambic tetrameter of the poem “novice”, is fundamentally removenode only masculine endings, reflects both the richness of the paintings of the external world, and a whole bunch of feelings the main character: in despair, affection, unyielding determination, love, gentle sadness. In this poem particularly evident as a characteristic motive of creativity of loneliness in the works of Lermontov.

Lermontov “Demon”

This theme of separateness of the creative personality finds its logical development in the form of a Demon, the herothe eponymous poem by Mikhail Yurevich. The choice of the Central image of the work testifies to the attachment of special psychological and social sense. He didn't just by its very nature is opposite to the values of the ruling class, but is “the king of knowledge and freedom”. In it Mikhail puts the dialectic rejection of the youth of the XIX century the state machine of the humiliation of the individual. Lighting the way, we're not just talking about loneliness in the works of Lermontov.

works of Lermontov list

This is nested by the author to the poem, a philosophy, a Mature awareness that to deny and hate everything associated with the tangible world was dangerous, that it leads to inner emptiness. Lermontov tragedy “Demon” is to replace them eternal values "of love, good and beauty” their false egoistic images. It is far from the people! The inner world seems to him much more important than “painful privations, toil and trouble the crowd of the human”. The latter leads to emotional crisis, and as a consequence - to the death of his lover – Tamara, the subsequent speeches of the Demon, “full of temptation”. The Demon, as well as to meet with a girl, remains a creature, alien unfortunately and participation.

Analysis of Lermontov's works, written later, invariably shows the expansion of consciousness given to them by the poet, which demonstrates the evolution of his personality.

Love in the works of Lermontov

The Theme of love in the works of Lermontov sounds sublime and hauntingly tragic. Unfortunately, the personality of Mikhail Yurievich heavy has left an imprint of his unrequited love for Varvara Lopukhina. Where other, less solid young man, having been refused, would find another passion, Lermontov was the concept of - “all or nothing!”. Although Barbara remained his faithful and understanding friend, counselor, but a poet, of course, wanted more…

Judging by the poems, Lermontov's love - light, high, but it is unrequited. Therefore, the description of Lermontov's works of various literary critics has led them to the same conclusion: this is the poet of love and sorrow. Even in the philosophical works of Mikhail Yurievich, for example, in the poem "Duma" is found the motive of love. Yes a perfect! Listen only to the melody of the verse, “And we hate and we love by accident…”

Astute grandmother of the poet, knows more than anyone, noticed a special attitude of his grandson to this feeling – perfect, without semitones. The poet is convinced that there is “other life”, but the man himself was originally created for life in the aura of happiness and joy. According to his beliefs, true love can't be earth, it should be equivalent to eternal bliss. Heroes of Lermontov's works, even falling in love, love is extolled above his ego (“I will not grovel before thee”).

Unique is the interpretation of Mikhail Yuryevich concept of happiness. Such a definition, perhaps, could only give it… Thoughtful reader who is interested in the topic of happiness in the works of Lermontov, will find it in the «Hero of our time”: “Happiness is a concentrated pride!” by these words the poet understood this as one person, when it turns into a treasure trove of joys and sorrows for another.

His perfectionism has created a special style of Lermontov's love lyrics – to counter the grey of ordinariness is an ideal created by the poet's imagination world. It is this creative concept can be seen in the poems “hobby”, “valeric”.

Conclusion

heroes of the works of LermontovFeatures of Lermontov's works reflect the epoch-making of his work. It was popular as a creative, ideological counterweight to the policy of repression pursued by the Emperor Nicholas I.

Lermontov lines contain the negation of the existing government, and doubts, painful thoughts about the future of Russia. In the works of Mikhail Yurevich created specific images (symbols), so, in fact, creativity starts this classic of Russian symbolism.

However, affects the depth of awareness of the 27-year-old poet of the world and here – the diverse themes of Lermontov's works: reflections on the fate of the generations, loneliness and pride, unostentatious patriotism, problems of relationship of the poet and society.

His original and unconventional personality was and remains a mystery.


Article in other languages:

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/mastactva-zabavy/10503-asabl-vasc-prablematyk-tvora-lermantava-vyadomyya-tvory-m-yu-lermantav.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/kunst-und-unterhaltung/10504-merkmale-der-problematik-der-werke-von-lermontov-bekannte-werke-von-le.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/arte-y-entretenimiento/10509-caracter-sticas-de-la-problem-tica-de-las-obras-de-l-rmontov-famosas-o.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/ner-zh-ne-oyyn-sauy/10505-erekshel-kter-m-seles-n-shy-armalaryny-lermontov-tanymal-shy-armalaryn.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/sztuka-i-rozrywka/10504-cechy-problematyki-utwor-w-lermontowa-znane-dzie-a-m-j-lermontowa.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/artes-e-entretenimento/10500-caracter-sticas-certas-obras-de-lermontov-obras-famosas-m-yu-lermontov.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/sanat-ve-e-lence/10509-zellikleri-duyarl-eserleri-lermontov-nl-eserleri-m-yu-lermontov.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/mistectvo-ta-rozvagi/10507-osoblivost-problematiki-tvor-v-lermontova-v-dom-tvori-m-yu-lermontova.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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