The Word "grotesque" comes from the French term meaning "comic", "funny", "fancy", "fancy". It is the oldest technique in the literature, which, like hyperbole, is based on exaggeration, the particular qualities of people, and also properties of the phenomena of nature, objects, facts of life. But the grotesque exaggeration is of a specific nature: it is fantastic, which is fully displayed image is not only beyond the so-called lifelike, but valid, likely from a position of credibility. Indispensable condition, which occurs grotesque (examples we'll pretend), is a fantastic deformation of the existing reality.
The term appeared in the 15th century to denote a type of artistic imagery, very unusual. In one of the grottoes of Ancient Rome during the excavations was discovered an interesting and original pattern, in which intertwined a fantastic various human, animal and plant forms.
Along with the hyperbole used widely in fairy tales, legends and myths of grotesque. Examples in these genres are very numerous. One of the most striking in the story is the image of Koschei the Immortal.
Writers, creating characters based on the grotesque, used as an artistic Convention of exaggeration. It can be realistically justified (for example, the description by Khlestakov life in St. Petersburg, which is the result of passion this hero to lie). In Lermontov's works, this technique is used for a romantic image of events and characters. It is based on though, and the possible, but exceptional. Blurred are the boundaries between the real and fantastic, however they don't disappear.
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Impossible, unthinkable, but necessary to the author to achieve a certain artistic effect is the basis of the grotesque. It is, therefore, fantastic hyperbole, as usual exaggeration is closer to reality, while the grotesque - nightmare dream where exciting fantastic vision of a logical explanation can not be, can become a terrifying "reality" for people. Linked with the emergence of the imagery of the grotesque with the most complicated mechanisms that has the human psyche. It interact the unconscious and the conscious. Based on the exaggeration of the images that so impress us in the works, created by local writers, no wonder there often is in dreams of the characters. Here is used very frequently grotesque. Examples from the literature include the following: they are the dreams of Tatiana Larina and Raskolnikov.
The Dream of Tatyana Larina (the product of "Eugene Onegin", Chapter five) filled with images of monsters, which is grotesque. He notices with horror that the heroine in a wretched hut fantastic dance, in the image which uses the grotesque. Examples: "a skull on a goose neck", "cancer astride a spider", "squatting dancing" mill.
In the dream, Raskolnikov, who is also fantastic, created the image of a laughing woman, which can also be attributed to the grotesque. The psychological equivalent of truth are delusional visions of a hero: fight it with evil, which was embodied in the image of the "evil old woman" in the end was just ridiculous struggle, like the one that was carried out with the windmills, don Quixote. Only evil laughs wildly over Raskolnikov. Nastier than he wants to kill him, which grows more and more to him.
Written by various authors on the basis of grotesque imagery seem absolutely absurd, implausible from the standpoint of common sense. Emotionally-expressive, striking their effect is often enhanced by the fact that such imagery interacts with a realistic, quite ordinary, believable events and situations.
The Elements of reality in both these works is grotesque, and not only in them: examples from the literature, presented works of other authors also prove the presence of two elements in it (fantastic and realistic). For example, in a nightmare, a dream Tatiana, the characters find themselves, along with scary monsters, easily recognizable Lensky and Onegin.
In the dream of the hero Raskolnikov's motivation grotesque images and situations from the episode, which is depicted as a laughing woman, is very real. It was only a dream-memory of the main character on murder. It's nothing fancy no the axe and the criminal.
Widely used combination of the ordinary public, and everyday situations with the grotesque imagery of different writers-satirists. So, the images of the mayors of the city Glupov, one of which is "mouth organ" instead of brains, and the other on his shoulders, stuffed the head, was established in"History of one city" M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin.
This Story is filled with the some grotesque, unbelievable situations (war against those who refused to use the mustard; "the war for enlightenment", etc.). They all brought the author to the point of absurdity, but to portray Russia quite ordinary conflicts and contradictions between the people and samourai power.
We talked briefly about what is grotesque. Examples from literature can lead others. They are quite numerous. Thus, a very popular phenomenon - the grotesque. Examples in the Russian language can be supplemented with the works of foreign authors, as their works of art this technique is used very actively.
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TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/sanat-ve-e-lence/25274-grotesk-rnekler-edebiyat-kullan-lan-grotesk.html
Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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