Leading the activity: concept and principal

Operating   activities of the child, which he performs within the social situation of development. The execution of it will determine the appearance and development of the subject of the basic psychological neoplasms at a certain stage of development in ontogenesis.

At each stage of mental development formed a special social situation of development, which, in turn, ensures that appears corresponding to the leading activity. This is a symptom of the transition to a higher level of psyche.

Operating is able to identify the emergence of a new stage of development, speaking the basic criterion for its diagnosis. It manifests itself immediately, but must undergo formation within a social situation. Moreover, the new activity will not cancel the previous type.

Therefore, the leading activity is the factor that determines the manifestation of major changes and tumors in the mental level of development at certain stages of ontogenesis.

How is this happening? Within its framework, develop and train all functions of the child. This, ultimately, will lead to qualitative changes. Growing opportunities the young man will become a source for the manifestation of contradictions in the system “a child – adult” who “result” in the mismatch occurred its capabilities obsolete form of the relationship with the environment. It then starts the special crisis of development in facilitating the transition to a higher level of ontogeny.

Recommended

Staff evaluation: system and methods

Personnel Assessment allows you to identify how competent the employees involved in the enterprise, and it is the performance of their work – the most significant factor affecting the efficiency of the company. To clarify the impact of performa...

How to start your own business: important aspects.

Many people, tired of working for someone else, are increasingly thinking about how to start your own business. Someone wants to open a salon, someone store, and someone enough and vegetable stalls. Before you throw in the pool with his head, it is i...

Business activities. its essence and basic functions

The Entrepreneurial activity of the citizen – is undertaken at your own risk and independent activity, which aims to systematically profit through the sale of works, goods, services, use of the property. The citizen engaged in such activities, ...

Let us Consider in more detail the course of this process, relying on data from current research.

In the period of infancy (from birth to one year) the social situation will be determined by the fact that a small child can not do without an adult. He needed not only to provide physical needs, but also for communication. Therefore, the leading type of activity – a direct emotional communication of the child – generates the need and the need to communicate with people.

At the stage of early childhood (from one to three years) the kid gets the freedom that is associated with the fact that he is already able to move independently. In addition, we are actively developing speech, and parents now act as mediator between him and the outside world. It was the adults who become guides, and subject-manipulative activities – leading. Thanks to her develop and improve motor and speech skills.

In the period of preschool age (from three to seven years) the child enters the adult world with the help of role play. In its framework it has the ability to repeat what he sees in the world. That is why there are games in the doctor, the seller, robbers, war, family and so on.

In the Junior school age (from seven to eleven years) the leading type of activity varies significantly: the main becomes training. All the efforts of the child should be directed to learn the basics of science and to become a subject of activity. In the social situation of development, there is a new adult – a teacher who now defines the features of its development, appreciating the efforts and abilities of the student.

Beginning in adolescence (from eleven to fifteen years) the leading type of activity becomes the socializing with peers, which manifests itself in different social spheres (academic, artistic, athletic, personal, etc.). It is now crucial for the mental development of the child, and the influence of adults “leaves” on the second plan.

As they Mature and socialization becomes the main work, contributing to the formation of his professionalism.