The legs of welded joints: characterization and properties

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2020-03-26 14:00:20

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The Strength of the weld is determined by several factors. The first important indicator is the mode of joining two metal structures together. The second factor is the correct consumable. The third parameter that determines the strength of the connection metal construction is the exact dimensions of the legs of the weld.

What is the side

The name comes from the fact that if we consider a weld in the cut, when it is executed perfectly it will look like an isosceles triangle. In this case, the leg will be the distance that is between the end of the seam on one part and a plane on another part. At its core, the weld leg will be the leg of such an isosceles triangle, hence the name.

the legs of the welds

So, what is the side it is now clear. It is important to understand that values of angular connection will depend heavily on the strength of the connection. However, it is important not to be mistaken. What side of the weld is responsible for its strength, this does not mean that it is thicker, the stronger will be the connection itself. In this case, you need to understand that too many filler elements can lead to deterioration of characteristics of the compound. Besides too much consumption of electrodes, gas, flux and additives greatly increase the cost of such works.

Geometry interface

For the reasons described above, it is very important to take into account the geometry of the joint. The main parameter when joining two metal structures is that the leg of the weld needs to have a lot of parameters of the longitudinal section.

the legs of welded joints GOST

For example, when welding two metal elements having different thicknesses, the dimensions of the leg should be determined for the part which is of lesser thickness. Most often, the size of the leg of the weld is determined and measured according to pre-prepared templates. Today, welders use the most versatile tool for the measurement of the leg. Such devices have been called "catetory welder".

This tool looks like two thin plates, the ends of which have the form of a recess, is designed to determine different parameters of the leg. Specialist in turn is applied to the seam different size catetory. Among them are sure to find one that will accurately replicate the geometry of the leg of the weld.

Form stitches

After welding is mostly formed by two species of the seam.

The First is a common welding seam, which looks like a roller with a convex surface. However, it is important to note that this type of seam, according to experts, is not optimal. Such approval exists for two reasons. First, within this seam will greatly increase the stress on the structure, and secondly, the consumption of materials for the creation of such a weld is greatly increased.

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the thickness of the leg of the weld

The Second type of seam is ideal. It looks like a roller with a concave surface, however, to achieve such performance when welding the two structures is very difficult. In order to achieve this type of seam, it is important to configure the settings of the welding machine, as well as to maintain the same flow rate of the electrode. In order to fulfill both conditions, you need a specialist with lots of experience in such works. I should add that this type of weld is not used in the Assembly of metal structures.

Dimensions of the gusset

If we talk about the size of the leg of a fillet weld, as mentioned above, the decisive factor will be the thickness of the parts subjected to welding. For example, if there are parts with a thickness of 4-5 mm, then the size of the leg is equal to 4 mm. If the thickness is increased, the leg will have to grow.

the calculation of the leg of the weld

A Very important factor, which affects the concavity or convexity of the weld bead is the electrode work was carried out. This refers to the chemical composition of the consumable item. For example, if you use the electrode, which when used will become thick and viscous, the end result is a surface of the bead is convex. If the melting of the metal roller will be liquid and flowing, then the surface will be concave.

Speed and the mode of carrying out welding

In order to at work to obtain the optimal side of the weld and to provide a solid connection, you need to consider few points.

  • Basic parameters of the selected mode will be current, and voltage. Professionals in this field know that if you increase the amperage, as well as to create a stable voltage, then the weld will be deeper and will have a smaller thickness. If in the process of working to maintain a stable current, but to change the voltage, then the resulting compound will be less deep, but its thickness will increase. From this follows the logical conclusion that the thickness of the leg of the weld will also change.
  • The Second factor is the speed. If you do not exceed this parameter by more than 50 m/hour, the depth of provarci of the junction will increase and the thickness decrease.
  • If you do the opposite, i.e. to increase the speedwill decrease not only the depth of the welding, but the thickness of the leg. There will also be a reduced metal features formed within the gap between the workpieces. This is due to the fact that with the rapid movement of the heat bath is negligible.

the dimensions of the legs of the welds

How to determine the weld leg

It is Worth saying that this is not very difficult. The basis for this assertion is that in the section of the seam is an isosceles triangle, and the calculation side of such figures - a fairly simple operation. In order to carry out the calculations, you can use the usual trigonometric formula: T = S cos 45º.

T is the leg length of the weld, and S is the width of the cushion obtained, or the hypotenuse of the triangle.

To determine the leg, it is important to know the thickness of the weld entirely. This operation is quite simple, plus in this case cos 45º to be equal to 0.7. You can then substitute all the values in the formula and with high precision to obtain the value of the leg. The calculation of the leg of the weld in this formula one of the simplest operations.

the size of the leg of the weld

Types of joints

Today there are two main types of the weld. It is important to understand that seam and welding are two different things.

  • Welded butt joints. This type is used when connecting the two parts back to back, then there are ends. Often in practice this type of seam is used when assembling pipework, and the manufacture of structures made of sheet metal. The application of this type weld is considered to be the most efficient and least costly in terms of energy.
  • There are also corner seams. In fact here we should distinguish three types - angular, t -, lap -. Cutting edge material in this case can be both one-way and two-way. It depends on the thickness of the metal. The cutting angle is in the range from 20 to 60 degrees. However, it is important to understand that the larger the chosen angle, the more you will have to spend consumables, and reduce quality.

how to define the leg of the weld

Configuration of welds

The welds also vary in its configuration. There are several types: longitudinal, rectilinear and curvilinear, circular.

If you will be welding longitudinal seams, it is very important to conduct a thorough surface preparation of metal, especially if the work will take place, with a long seam. When you create this type of seam it is important that the surface is not wavy, and all burrs edges should be cleaned. Also, an important detail is to remove moisture, rust, dirt or any other undesirable elements from the work surface before welding.

If there is to be ring welding, then it is very important to adjust the mode of operation of the welding machine. If the diameter is small, then to achieve a quality weld, it is important to reduce the amperage.

You Can add that the seams can not only be concave or convex, but flat. Flat and concave styles are best suited for those designs which are operated under dynamic loads. The reason for this was the fact that this type of seam is no noticeable transition from the connection to the metal.

The GOST of each weld

GOST 5264-80 is a document that sets out the basic types, design elements and dimensions of all welds. However, it is important to note that this paper does not cover those types of stitches used for the connection of the pipeline.

One of the points of the GOST says that when welding a butt type and different thickness of parts you can connect them as well as the parts with the same thickness if their difference does not exceed certain parameters.

This document Also described that allowed the displacement of the welded edges before welding against each other. Also there are numerical offsets that are resolved at a certain thickness of the workpiece.

This document is an application to specify the minimum dimensions of the legs of the weld. I should add that convexity, and concavity of the weld may be no more than 30% of the value of his leg.


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PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/biznes/41402-katety-spoin-charakterystyka-i-w-a-ciwo-ci.html

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UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/b-znes/41040-kateti-zvarnih-shv-v-harakteristika-ta-vlastivost.html

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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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