Accessories: types, operation, accounting

Without special equipment it is impossible to build a house, pave a road, build a bridge. All used by man for ease of fit are divided into two large groups. First, it is simple in design, inexpensive tools, and secondly, - the actual equipment, which can be primary and secondary. The last type of appliances are used almost as widely as the first. In this article, all the details will understand precisely what is a accessory.

Potential uses

To Use this kind of equipment can when carrying out building and various construction works. Sometimes it is also used in the repair, along with basic. Represent the accessories may be any structure, machine or installation. Often apply the term and to the additional nodes of different kinds of complex mechanisms.

Simple examples

Kinds of accessories there are actually a huge amount. For example, to this class of devices include diesel generator sets, without which you will not be able to work in remote areas construction machines that use electricity. Is an accessory and the compressor is used in combination with a jackhammer. Another example of such devices is the dust collector used in the grinding stone. Next, consider the types and examples of similar tools used in different spheres of business and life.

Auxiliary equipment during the construction of houses

In this case can be used a variety of fixtures. In the construction of houses are, for example:

1. Cars. This equipment may have two wheels or one. The Cup itself of modern construction cars it is usually made of thick galvanized sheet. The use of this kind of accessory for travel basically a different kind of bulk building materials or land.

2. Buckets for concrete. This kind of additional equipment may have a different shape and size. Trough the most common types of tubs and a conical base.

Equipment houses

Of Course, to live in any building only if it contains such utilities as water, Sewerage and electricity. In the first case can be applied, for example, such auxiliary equipment, such as:

1. Filters. This kind of additional equipment, in turn, can have a different design. There are strainers, magnetic, reverse osmosis, etc. In any case, this accessory is designed for water purification from various impurities.

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2. Expansion. This kind of equipment is used to align the temperature changes along the length of the pipeline.

The grid can be used additional equipment, such as:

1. Voltage regulators. This type of devices is used to compensate for power surges in the home network. Most often, the stabilizers are set in country houses or in apartments of high-rise buildings in case of deterioration of the line.

2. Uninterruptible power supply. Such devices are often used in homes that have a lot of office equipment. For voltage drops in the network, for example, the computer may temporarily operate from the UPS. After a sharp off the electronics, as you know, is very harmful.

Quite often in everyday life are used and various portable electric devices. Accessories for them can be used, for example, such as pipe cutters (for welding machines), noise (for pumps), etc.

During installation of sewer systems can be used:

1. Device designed for decontamination and disposal of sewage.

2. The Machine is intended for cleaning of storm sewer pipes, etc.

Repair of auxiliary equipment in case of breakage, as the main elements and components of communication networks, should be made on time. After all, how effectively will operate these devices depends not only the convenience of living in the house, but the preservation of different household appliances, structural elements of the building, etc.

Additional boiler equipment

Different kinds of devices and tools that increase the efficiency of water, electricity and sewage, there are many. But more and more such devices can be used in systems of water heating of private homes and businesses. Classified accessories boiler the following types:

• Pump;

• The draft arrangements;

• Ash-handling systems, and fuel;

• Chimneys and flues;

• Ash catchers;

• A different kind of measuring instruments;

• The device of water treatment.

What additional pumping equipment can be used

The Boilers in residential homes and businesses is used to heat water. The latter may be fed into these devicesuse the piston or centrifugal pumps. In heating systems forced type typically used at least two such network units. One of the pumps is a backup auxiliary boiler room equipment.

What is draft mechanisms

In order For the boiler was operated without interruption in the furnace by burning coal, briquettes or firewood, it is necessary continuously to supply air. Also, air-blasting device used to maintain a constant velocity in the pipelines and the chimney emissions of the heating unit.

Fuel System

Most Often, such auxiliary equipment is used in solid fuel boilers. The fuel supply system ensure the smooth operation of these units. Be classified such equipment may, on a screw, and hydraulic.

Pipes and flues

During the combustion of wood or coal solid fuel fired boilers or diesel fuel are formed in the liquid smoke. Their drain pipes are used. During installation of flues must comply with certain standards. Operation of auxiliary equipment of this type allows to preserve the health and sometimes the lives of employees of the company or living in the house of people. For tap of products of combustion of natural gas in gas boilers flues are used.

Ash Catchers

The chimneys into the atmosphere may be thrown away not only the gaseous products of combustion. Often through the pipe to the street beyond, and a large amount of ash, which leads to environmental pollution. In order to avoid this and use such accessories like ash catchers.

Measuring instruments of boiler rooms

This kind of auxiliary technical equipment designed to monitor and control the temperature of water in heating systems, pressure and level. The primary use of measuring instruments in the boiler is to ensure safe operation of heat generators and thermal power units.

What is the device water treatment

The equipment of this type include various kinds of filters, iron removers, softeners. The use of a coolant with a high content of different kinds of impurities significantly reduces the service life of the boiler and other elements of the system design. Nodes water intended for cleaning it, often have a very complex design. Installation, exactly as repair of auxiliary equipment of this type, in most cases carried out only by specialists.

Additional equipment of chemical production: principal

Of Course, various additional devices can be used at industrial enterprises. Further, for example, let's consider what accessories may be used in the chemical industries. At the enterprises of similar specialization are often used:

• Capacitive apparatura;

• Teploobmenniki;

• Filtri;

• Drobilki.

The Types of capacitive devices

To this group auxiliary equipment of chemical productions included:

• Different kinds of vertical, spherical and horizontal tanks;

• The separators of high and low pressure;

• Cylindrical and spherical tanks;

• The measurers, etc.

In turn, the capacitive equipment can be placed, for example, pressure gauges, thermocouples, sight glass, breather valve, etc.

Types of heat exchangers

Auxiliary equipment of this type is classified na:

• Podogrevali;

• Holodilniki;

• Isparitel;

• Kondensatory.

According to the construction and operation of heat exchangers can also be classified as recuperators and regenerators. The first type of equipment is characterized in that it has two coolant flow alternately pass through the same space. In the regenerators the selection and accumulation of heat from one stream and transfer it to another.

Types and principle of operation filters

This type of auxiliary equipment is intended for separation of inhomogeneous systems with porous partitions. As the latter can be used fabric, polymeric or wire mesh, ceramic plates, etc. In chemical plants as assistive devices filters can be used:

• Frame type (periodic action);

• Chamber filterpress;

• Vacuum filters of continuous operation.

What is a centrifuge and crusher

Equipment of this type is the same as the filters used for mechanical separation of heterogeneous environments. However, such devices operate in a completely different principle. In this case, the separation occurs due to the action of centrifugal forces. Chemical industries can be used basically two types of centrifuges: filtering and settling.

Crusher is designed in such enterprises for crushing lumps of solid materials, disclosure of bean pure inclusions or increase the surface of the particles.

Accessories: test

Despite the fact that suchfixtures are used mostly as supplementary to their smooth functioning often depends on the integrity of the entire system as a whole or the effective operation of the Department. Therefore, the production of such equipment at the final stage in many cases made his test. The specialists performing this procedure is usually guided by the GOST standards.

Support and engine diagnostics

Use auxiliary equipment not only in construction, in boilers, in houses or enterprises. These devices are often used in the operation of different kinds of complex mechanisms, for example engines. It can be:

• Different kind of supporting devices.

• The stands of the various systems;

• Scanners

• Equipment designed to detect leaks, etc.

Also, the motors can be used various attachments accessories: power steering, air conditioning. These additions, among other things, take the motor “horsepower”. But the benefits from their use be overemphasized, of course, difficult.

Operate different kinds of accessories of the engine often with a strap. Auxiliary equipment usually operates most effectively in that case, if the latter provides a rigid transmission. Installation of the hinged belt may be performed using hydraulic or mechanical systems.

What equipment is used for extra production

The Auxiliary can be not only proper tools and equipment. Often, such function is performed and the whole enterprise. To support include, for example, such as:

• Packing plant

• Production for the extraction of aggregates (sand, gravel);

• The factories specializing in the production of different kinds of tools.

Enterprises of this type is also used all sorts of complex and simple of auxiliary and main equipment. For example, in container plants are used such devices, such as automated and mechanized lines, dryers, moulder. Mining of sand and gravel used crushers, bulldozers, excavators, loaders, etc.

Accounting and auxiliary production equipment

Any such workshops play an important logistical role. Their costs have a strong influence on the cost of the main products of the company. To determine the possible profit of the company and various necessary costs therefore need to be given the auxiliary production. Analysis of these businesses is conducted by the following criteria:

• Kind of our products;
• Costs;
• Cost structure;
• The degree of loss or profitability.

Based On the data obtained, among other things, identifies ways to reduce costs of such production, without compromising the quality of the final product of the enterprise. All costs of such workshops are divided into simple and indirect. To account for them is a special active calculation account. Debit in this case reflected the costs incurred, and credit - output services or products.

Treatment of auxiliary equipment used on plants or boiler houses is conducted according to the same principle as the main. Taken on balance it according to the original redemption value.

Features operation accessories

The Construction of devices of this type can be complex or simple. In any case, the exploitation must be carried out strictly in accordance with manufacturer's instructions and various norms of GOST. For example, when using the fuel supply system must be observed around the following conditions:

• Make sure the peat is conducted through the crusher, and its final fraction should not exceed: 50x50x5 mm;
• The angle of the hopper when using peat as fuel should not be less than 60 degrees;
• All stages (fuel supply, load) comply with fire safety rules.

In case of failure of auxiliary equipment as the core, must be made timely repairs. To perform this work at enterprises and boiler houses trust only the specialists who have undergone appropriate training and have the necessary skills.