To families in the apiary were strong and productive, a beekeeper sometimes it is necessary to change Queens. “Queen” of the hive over time may lose performance or, for example, to get sick. Therefore, in the apiary always keep some spare Queens.
To hold additional “Queens”, and barren ewes in the apiary hives are used special design — the nucleuses. Their distinctive feature are mostly small in size. The nucleus can be calculated from the contents of one or more of the uterus.
Earlier, the beekeepers for the maintenance of dams used in my hives. The latter is simply divided into several sections, arranging each one. Over time, this method of keeping the ewes, many owners of apiaries refused. The fact that the use of the individual nucleus in this case gives a lot of advantages:
Of the Uterus are much better tolerate the winter. Because the cores are small, and therefore, the heat inside of them is retained better.
The Uterus is contained in the nucleus, are more performance. Such structures are usually well ventilated. And this, in turn, significantly reduces the risk of exposure to bees of any disease affecting the development.
The Cores are universal constructions. In addition to the content of the Queens, they are often used as cuttings or traps for swarms.
If desired, the beekeeper can purchase such a special hive for Queen bees, for example, via the Internet. Most beekeepers buy the so-called micronucleus. Are these hives are relatively inexpensive — around 650-700 p. most Often in the Russian market found Polish products of this type.
Made these mini-cores made of polystyrene, and consist of the feeders and four frames (collapsible and wooden). The advantages of such beehives considers first of all that for their first check you need little bees. Also Polish the advantages of these designs is the presence of the bottom of the hole. At this location the theft of other people's honey bees from the hive are virtually eliminated.
The Main disadvantage of mini-cores is the fact that the uterus is too long to keep them in it. To take the Queen from this hive follows a few days after fertilization. The scope of the mini-cores are very small. And so the sows uterus quickly and remains “work”. The result of the “Queen” could simply “fly” with the hive.
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In Addition to the mini, on the market today, there are large cores with multiple Queens. Such designs have the advantage that it can be used when needed and as a standard hive for the family. Minus the big nucleuses considered in the first place is that check-in takes a lot of bees.
So we are told, what constitutes the nucleus. What it is, now you know. Next, let's see how to build such a hive of their own. Because of specialty shops or mini-workshops involved in the manufacture of equipment for apiaries, there are, unfortunately, not in every village. When ordering the same nucleus, via the Internet, wait for it, will likely have quite a long time.
Since the design of such hives are relatively simple, many beekeepers prefer not to suffer with search for shipments or sale of the finished structures and to assemble them yourself.
Materials for the manufacture of such cores are commonly used:
Beam 40x40 mm for the frame;
The fiberboard housing;
The foam, or polystyrene;
Plywood for partitions;
A piece of galvanized iron to protect the cover from moisture.
Reiki and consumables.
Cores of polystyrene obtained warm and comfortable for families. However, the material is fragile, and bees sometimes start to bite. In order to prevent this, use the case of particle Board.
To Make the nucleus of your hands is relatively easy. Designed this beehive can be several Queens or one.
To Make a nucleus with their hands possible, for example, in the following technologies:
The first stage is the markup polystyrene sheets according to a predetermined drawing.
Next, cut the polystyrene parts.
The ends of the Styrofoam in the appropriate places promazyvaetsya with glue.
The Parts are pressed tightly to each other.
Bore holes for letkov.
The dimensions of the hive are selected depending on the expected number of females. But the standard size of nucleus — 570х450 mm. With frames of this design will be easier to work with.
After the polystyrene base is ready, you can start making the case. First frame is assembled. Then stuffed the bottom bottom. It is necessary to fix the slats under partitions (two on a distance of a few millimeters from each other). Next, fill the walls. Between the slats on the bottom are insertedpre-cut from plywood partitions. Manufactured and oblivaetsya tin cover. Bore holes for yrs.
Finished case set in a polystyrene blank. The latter can simply be painted. But it is better to install a ready-made nucleus in shot, for example, of the plywood box (with done under yrs holes). In this case, the hive will be much more durable.
That's roughly the way and made the cores for the bees with his hands. To warm in the winter is not gone from letkov, just below them on the wall of the hive is attached to the rotating small plates with the thickness more than the diameter of the hole.
How to make your own hands the nucleus, what it is all clear now. But how to build a beehive? Inhabit the bees into the nucleus approximately in the following technologies:
Set in the aft compartment of the nucleus cups with syrup (per family to approximately 200 ml of the mixture prepared in the ratio 1:1);
Removed newly born Queens from the hives (in curlers);
Close the tap hole (ventilation must remain open);
Pour the bees from the main hive inside and pour water over them (that they have wet wings and they did not rise);
Take a Cup (about 350 grams) required quantity of bees;
Watered the uterus (because she is barren, can fly);
Pour from a Cup into a nucleus of bees.
The final stage in the nucleus, occupy the uterus. Bees are best taken from that hive, which was raised a new Queen.
To Settle in the nucleus with the uterus best young bees. They are usually in the hive in the far corner. In a simple beehive “Queen” is usually populated 2-3 hours. This is necessary in order that the bees already felt orphaned, but not yet laid of liquor.
In the nucleus as "the Queen" are usually planted not earlier than 6-8 hours after settling bees. Need such a big gap to all the old insects flew back to the main hive. After 6-8 hours in the nucleus will be only young bees.
Sometimes in the cores and the bees indiscriminately. That is, both young and old. In this case the uterus it is advisable to settle in the early nucleus of bees. To old insects did not return to former place of residence, the nucleus should be for some time to bring in a cool place.
The Settlement of nucleus — the procedure is relatively simple. To spare Queen bees for the apiary more difficult. Derive these bees usually in 12-frame hives (a minimum of 8 frames with brood). While using this technology:
Removed from the family's old uterus along with some bees (2-3 frames);
Carry the new hive for a few days in the basement in order for the bees to have forgotten the old place;
Laid by the bees, the Queen cells are transferred into “cell”;
“cell” is moved back to the beehive.
Carefully cut out the Cells of a wide knife on adjacent cells. Honeycomb cut almost through, so as not to damage the bottom. In “cell” the Queen cells have a natural way — that is, vertically or at a slight angle. In the first three days released the uterus is self-powered. Later it begin to feed the worker bees. Therefore, in every “cell” must be put and a little honey.
As Described above receive a fistulous ewes. There are other, somewhat more sophisticated technology breeding of bees. Fistulous ewes to the easiest, but they usually are not too large and not particularly high productivity.
How to make a nucleus and how it is formed, we found out. Now let's see how to transfer the bees from this hive in the main. This operation is performed generally as follows:
Going to a hive;
With the edge set stern frame with pollen and nectar;
Next install the dryer.
The frame is set to the transition;
Between the dryer and the aft frame installed frame of the nucleus.
Thus fill the hive completely. The remaining bees are driven out of the nucleus through the bottom hole.
Most Often the cores are kept at the four Queens. Queens from such a hive is used in the following way. Three "Kralev" spend as intended. That is relocated to other hives or sell. One bee is left in the nucleus. With removed septum and attached to the rest of the uterus orphaned three families.
Well, I hope we answered the main question of the article about what constitutes the nucleus. What it is, how to do and how to use this device, of course. And now you know what a special beehive that you can buy in a specialty store and make your own. Design nucleus is not particularly difficult. Most importantly — it's good to insulate the hive and provide the bees a better diet for the first time. And of course, you should carefully follow the Queen in this hive. The first time the nucleus inspect inspecton the following day. Further inspection is carried out every 2-3 days. Fertilization occurs uterus usually on the 10th day.
Article in other languages:
DE: https://tostpost.com/de/business/38838-nukleus-was-ist-das-was-imker-ben-tigt-nukleus.html
HI: https://tostpost.com/hi/business/23399-beekeepers.html
KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/biznes/39690-nukleus-b-l-ne-ol-sh-n-omartashylar-a-azhet-nukleus.html
PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/biznes/41419-nukleus-co-to-jest-do-czego-pchelovodam-wymaga-nukleus.html
Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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