Pneumatic crane: brand, device, specifications

Lifting technique – a special kind of specialized equipment, without which it is extremely difficult to provide a highly conducting zaplanirovany works on the construction site, in a production shop and in some cases, and conducting search and rescue operations (e.g. rubble after earthquakes). Needless to say, for each operation for lifting and moving cargo would be rational to use a certain type of such devices. But, as shown by long-term practice, quite often the best option running is pneumatic crane. On his device, and the technical features we will discuss in this article.

Definition

So, rubber-tired crane – it is a versatile crane belonging to the type of boom and mounted on rubber-tired chassis. The machine comes from a cab located on a rotating part of the unit. The machinist of the crane before operation is obliged to carry out a full visual inspection of major parts and components, check the operation of the braking system. This is done to ensure an adequate level of security of operations.

Historical background

The First pneumatic crane in the Soviet Union was released already in the distant 1947. The name of the first model – To-101. Its capacity was about 10 tons. The machine had already been installed on three-axle chassis pneumatic tires. In serial production went To the tap-102. It was created in 1952 and the issue occurred in the period 1954-1958 years. And since 1961, began production of more powerful cranes K-161, the capacity of which amounted to 16 tons.

Today hoisting machine pneumatic type are being made only in Western Europe, in Germany.

Purpose

Any self-propelled crane, with pneumatic tires move designed to ensure quality and rapid execution of various construction and Assembly and handling operations on objects that are relative to each other in space at short distances.

At the time of performing these works allowed the simultaneous implementation of:

• Lifting or lowering with the raising or lowering of the boom.
• Lifting or lowering of the working arm with rotation of the machine in the desired direction.

All these actions are carried out safely due to the special equipment on the crane, which we will discuss next.

Marking

Marking of valves allows to define all essential technical features and parameters. First of all, we will look at available universal indices “To”, “COP".

“K” is the lettering, which at the time was approved by Minstroydormash. Crane published until 1967, will have a one-letter index, and two or three numbers. By itself, the letter indicates that the machine belongs to the group of taps, and the numbers indicate the capacity and serial number of the model.

Since 1967, was introduced indexation "KS", which means “crane self-propelled”.

After always letters followed by four numbers, each of which carries certain information. So, the first digit indicates the payload:

• 1 – 4 ton;
• 2 – 6.3 tons;
• 3 – 10 tons;
• 4 – 16 tons;
• 5 – 25 tons;
• 6 – 40 tons;
• 7 – 63 tons;
• 8 – 100 tons;
• 9 – more than 100 tons.

The Second figure gives information on the chassis and means:

• 1 – device crawler type;
• 2 – the device is widened crawler;
• 3 – pneumatic;
• 4 – chassis special (road type);
• 5 – chassis trucks;
• 6 – tractor chassis;
• 7 – chassis trailers;
• 8 & 9 – standby.

The Third digit identifies the type of the suspension boom, which can be rope (indicated with number 6) and hard (figure 7).

The Fourth digit has a revision number of the model.

Consider the example of the crane KS-7164. Marking stands like this: the self-propelled crane with a lifting capacity of 63 tons, tracked undercarriage, equipped with a rope boom suspension, modification – fourth.

Technical structure

Detailed device pneumatic valves should start to consider from the location of the power plant.

The First group – cranes, power plant which is located on the rotating part. In them there is mechanical transmission of the motion directly on the chassis throughsingle-engine diesel drive and gears. Also energy can be transmitted to the engine suspension device using electric or diesel-electric drive. The capacity of these machines ranges from 10 to 100 tons.

The Second group – cranes, power plant which is mounted on a chassis device. In this case, energy is transmitted directly to the chassis and the rotary part of the generator which, in turn, is driven by a diesel engine. This category includes hoisting machine MKT-40, with capacity of 40 tons.

In General, any such crane will have a lifting mechanism and traveling mechanism, each of which will consist of different parts.

Most used model

The COP-5363 – crane diesel-electric. It is operated by the multi-motor drive of the type operating on direct current. Food energy is derived from located on the unit power plant. The machine can use dvuhminutniy grapple, equipped with bucket capacity of 2 cubic meters.

The crane (25 tons – the capacity of the main hoist) equipped with more auxiliary lifting mechanism, which serves loads weighing up to five tons.

All Executive bodies of the machines have a very wide range of adjustment speed, which is based on the system generator-motor. At the time of movement allowed the swing of the crane, if it is not assigned to any cargo.

Manage crane and its design features

The COP-5363 is controlled by three powerful systems: mechanical, electrical and hydraulic. Actuation of the desired mechanism through the remote control by pressing buttons and also a couple of controllers.

Gear changing, adjustment of the removal of the supports, rotate the wheels, differential lock – all this is done by activating the pump of the hydraulic system operating on the basis of the energy of compressed fluid. Lock support, the management is remote, located on the navigation device, and all the other mechanisms are controlled from the driver cab (driver).

In the hydraulic system applies gear pump NSH-32Э, the performance of which is 35 l/min pump pressure can be equal to 10.5 MPa.

Crane winches equipped with limit switches spindle type and keratolytically.

Described by crane (25 tons) is equipped with a tower and boom. This last has a fifteen-meter length and can be increased if necessary inserts with sizes of 5 or 10 meters to 20, 25 and 30 meters.

The Chassis is represented by two driven axles, all wheels double. Remote gidropony can be used in the process of lifting the load or not.

As a power plant crane has a four-cylinder two-stroke diesel, AC motor and two DC generator. Also this unit is interfaced to the gear pump through a belt transmission.

Hoist main hoist as part of its kinematic scheme is:

• Motor;
• Three-gear;
• Claw coupling to prevent shaft overload;
• Shoe brake with short stroke magnet;
• A drum with a gear wreath.

Cab

Inside the cab of the crane on the front of a fairly large windshield located dashboard. It is equipped with various ammeters, voltmeters, switches, switches, pressure gauge and thermometer. On both sides of the Board mounted controllers, control mechanisms and devices to adjust the speed of movement of the machine and control the turning of the wheels.

In Addition, the cabin is equipped with electric stove for heating in cold seasons, heaters, completely precluding the possibility of icing of glasses and misting fan for cooling of the driver in the summer, windshield wipers. The crane operator sits in the chair, the height of which can be adjusted.

Moving to work

Towing the crane is done using a special tractor at a speed not exceeding 20 km/h. If it is necessary to transport the pneumatic crane on the railway track, in which case it is removed all the wheels and arrow, and the machine itself is mounted on shestidesyatiletiyu train platform.

Digital data

In General, rubber-tired cranes specificationswhich will be indicated in the table below, are characterized by an excellent combination of price and quality. Long-term practice has shown that money invested in the purchase of these machines, quickly returned. Today very popular in consumer environment uses a wheel-mounted crane, Volvo, due to its optimum performance, reliability and maintainability. Real German quality received the love and recognition well deserved.

Brand highway Academy

In Addition to the above index “To”, there is also a symbol:

1. "MCP" - mounting rubber-tired crane.
2. "MKT" - faucet mounting on the base of the truck. In his designation after the hyphen indicates the capacity in tons. For example, MKT-63.
3. “MKT” - mounting telescopic boom crane on the basis of the tractor. Here also the numbers indicate load capacity.