The structure of a vessel. General structure of vessels and their basic elements

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2020-05-17 20:20:21

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The structure of a vessel – this is an important task facing the workers of the Navy. They should fully provide cargo and passenger flows. All tasks can be effectively solved only with the help of qualitative improvement of fleet. You can improve the old courthouse or build a modern model.

What are the court?

Today, a large variety of ships which have different types. This is because they were designed for different purposes and conditions of their further operation. That is why the experts face such challenges as the specialization of ship design, organization of construction and repair, introduction of new standards, planning for future traffic, and perform a comparative economic calculation. Ship models can be classified according to the following criteria:

  • The type of vehicle allocated non-self-propelled and self-propelled.
  • Method of the movement – vessels that float above the water using the air cushion and on the surface of the water. There are devices that can easily move under water, – submarines.
  • The Status of the case. Among the huge assortment of models that are rigid, flexible and inflatable enclosure.
  • The Main case material. During production can be used steel, light metal alloys, plastics, wood, concrete structures, elastic or composite materials.
  • Navigation Area. Distinguish between ships and coastal navigation.
  • Rod of the main power plant. Model ships include such a device because it helps to set it in motion. You can highlight the ship, which has a piston or steam turbine installation. On ships is set to the internal combustion engine.

structure of a vessel

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Civil court

The Ships that have a civil purpose, presented in the form of transport or fishing vessels. They were designed to maximize the maintenance of peaceful relations between different States. These vessels facilitate foreign trade, business and cultural relations, help to produce products from the sea and recycle it. They are equipped with special equipment for carriage of industrial goods or food products. Civilian ships are equipped with various additional devices, depending on their further purpose:

  1. Transport or merchant ship. They can carry passengers or a small amount of emergency supplies – mail, parcel, Luggage and more. Transport ships linear navigation can make regular voyages between multiple ports. They are commonly called liners. A cargo ship carries cargo on an indefinite line, can float in any direction.
  2. Commercial vessel. With this design it is possible to produce products of the sea, that is to catch fish, marine animals, algae. The fishing boat allows people to recycle products from the sea in semi-finished products or any other ready-made products. It also transportorul it on floating or shore base.
  3. Research vessels. They are designed to perform scientific and research work in the open sea or ocean. These include specially equipped and adapted to underwater or surface vessels.
  4. Training ship. It is used for employees that perform swimming practice. Often used by persons who are trained in special educational institutions. These ships sure are equipped with laboratories, classrooms, and auditoriums, where you can perform practical development issues.

trawler

What form must have the court

Each ship type has a corresponding body shape, which depends on many factors. This can be attributed to the main purpose of the vessel, the conditions for its further operation, speed, quality and many other parameters. The hull is an elongated body which has a curved surface. They help to create a streamlined shape which will reduce the resistance of water and air during movement of the structure.

The Front part of the ship is called the fore and builds upon the established rules of ship building drawings. To the ship, which sails on the agitated water surface, did not go inside the wave, all the hull sides should be slightly extended in height. Specialists pay special attention Grebnev screw and rudder, which should provide for better working conditions. model ships

The Basic principle of a theoretical drawing

Before the construction of the theoretical drawing the designer needs to imagine the intersection of the lines of the hull. It is necessary to use an auxiliary, parallel, diametrically and the ground plane. Cutting line must form a Cabinet frame, which will give a clear and wide overview of the form design. The obtained end result, the projection includes a side, the breadth and the main body.

The Projection section of the housing has the form of straight lines, which will form athe grid of the theoretical drawing. When a person builds this grid, then the design load waterline must be divided into twenty equal parts. They imply spacey, and dividing can be carried out theoretical frames. The device of the vessel is quite complex, so the design should work only qualified.

The Numbering is done using the movement of the lines from the nose to the stern. When will be ready the original theoretical drawing, you need to remove all the coordinates of the points of intersection of lines and mesh. They will be useful to transfer the scale drawing to the actual size. All data received should be recorded in a dedicated log that includes table blazovich ordinate. They are used in shipyards as well as special workshops. Have the experts come in the form of a drawing Board, which is called Plaza. It is represented in natural size and is divided into theoretical design. During ship construction Plaza removed all the templates and dimensions to fabricate the parts of the hull.

What other devices equipped fishing vessels?

The Court of industrial uses for fish, seals, whales, walruses, and many other living resources of the sea. A fishing vessel is a third of the world civil fleet. You can select the following types of fishing vessels that are equipped with special devices:

  • Seiner – design, with which you can perform fishing by using Seine. The catch is performed by means of a cargo arrow.
  • Trawler. Is unique in its design the vessel that helps to carry out fishing using trawl – network, presented in the form of big bag.
  • The Drifter. Today, this ship is particularly in demand because it allows you to fish in the drift. Equipped with a flat mesh.
  • Floating fish processing factories and bases. Presented designs come out in the open sea and engaged in the processing of fish directly to the canned. There are nets, trawls, processing and refrigeration equipment.
  • Whaling ships. They are used to maximize the whaling. In most cases they go to sea in droves and fleets. These vessels oborot a large and reliable networks that can withstand a lot of weight.
  • The Barge. The presented design fishing with seines. They come in Black and the Caspian sea and work from diesel fuel.

ships

Features of a military vessel

Today you can find different ships and vessels. But among such a large diversity of presented construction of military purpose that belong to the Armed forces of the Russian Federation. They necessarily drawn in the external marks which distinguish such vessels from the civil. Among commanders must be the officer who is in the service of the government of Russia. Surname and name of the officer must be present in the list of servicemen.

Military ship includes military hardware and equipment. The device provides a vessels characterized by the presence of military equipment. It will be used in case of an attack to the protected area.

Device transport vessels

Sea transport is considered the most profitable and in demand. It will help transfer the cargo to Intercontinental communications. Transport ship has a basic specialization – the transportation of large shipments. These include large, liquid, and bulk cargoes. If we are talking about food products during transportation must be adhered to a certain temperature and not vibration.

You Can select the most common vessels which are equipped with additional devices:

  • Dry cargo ships can carry a variety of range. To carry out the transportation of meat and fish products, vegetables and fruits, these vessels are additionally equipped with a refrigeration unit.
  • Tankers intended for the carriage of cargo, which has a liquid or gaseous state. Companies and factories can engage in the transportation of petroleum products, goods of chemical industry, fertilizer, and liquefied natural gas. There is a compartment for the carriage of dangerous cargo.
  • Container. They can carry such containers, as the containers. These vessels are equipped with the necessary navigation equipment. It will help to place, attach and control securing cargo during transportation. The device of the vessel has the required additional beams and floors for reliability.
  • Bulk carriers carry bulk cargo such as grain, ore, and coal.
  • The ro-ro represent special purpose ships. They are widely used for horizontal or mixed method of loading of the goods.
  • Ferries transporting equipment coasting. The main difference – is the transportation of passengers, vehicles and cars for the railroad.

design vessels

Recreational craft: the device

During construction the construction of vessels paying particular attention. Case – this is the main part of any modern ship, it includes the trim and deckflooring. These components can give the ship the necessary form and provide such indicators as strength, watertightness and stiffness of the vessel. These functions define the device small vessel.

A Set is a certain power structure, which consists of longitudinal joints and transverse ties or beams. When they are joined together, we get a ready-made frame. It serves as the reference circuit, which is designed for shell plates, decks. The frame defines the stability and rigidity of the vessel.

There are several systems for a set of the body. Their classification depends on the direction of the main beam:

  • Cross.
  • Lengthwise.
  • Longitudinal-transverse.

the device is small vessel

What is the system of recruitment used for the construction of a boat?

During the construction of a small vessel is used exclusively cross-system beams. Specialists use frames, flora on the bottom, and the beams under the deck. The amount used of the longitudinal beams during transverse system set small. They are used for cross communication. The total number of beams does not exceed five pieces and includes vertical keels and stringers.

Set the bottom of the ship includes intersecting longitudinal and transverse connection. In the extremities of the ship should be a keel that connects to stepname. To several times to reduce the scale of the ship during pitching, it is necessary to attach the side keel. It can have various design and perform the role of longitudinal communication. In most cases, it's not coming in its width over the conventional dimensions of the body. hull

Steering

Without control can not be no sea transport. The steering gear of vessels is a set of important mechanisms and devices, which ensure the hold of the ship afloat. Such a device includes steering the car, sectoral, screw or hydraulic actuators. Today, there are designs that are basic and manual steering gear.

The structure of a vessel, and steering in particular, must meet the following requirements:

  • Maximum angle for the rudder - not more than 35 degrees. For ships of river fleet such a value may be 45 degrees.
  • The length of the rudder from ships can not be more than 28 seconds.
  • Each steering gear must fully ensure reliable and correct operation of the steering gear during a pitching ship.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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