Harmful production factors

In science, engineering and manufacturing apply standardized terms and definitions related to the field of occupational safety. They are established by GOST 12.0.002-80. The standard is currently effective edition 1980 reprinted with amendments No. 1, in November 1990. Along with the other terms, it provides two separate definitions: harmful and dangerous production factors. The first is the factors, the impact of which, under certain conditions, the operating staff can cause disease or have a negative impact on the health of his offspring, as well as decrease performance. Threat — these are the factors, which under certain conditions lead to acute poisoning, trauma, a sharp and sudden deterioration of health and sometimes death.

According to the labour law, every employer is obliged to create safe working conditions and to organize the production control of fulfillment of requirements on labor protection. Affecting employees working harmful production factors must be regulated by the limits and do not exceed the established admissible values. According to the articles of the Labor code, the employer must make the assessment of working conditions and to organize the certification of workplaces, to identify risks, to develop measures to minimize them and organize in accordance with the regulations of the real improvement. Harmful production factors are listed and klassificeret GOST 12.0.003-74. They are divided into four groups: chemical, biological, physical and physiological.

In accordance with the order of Ministry of health and social development of the Russian Federation No. 302 of 12.04.2011 year (previous Order No. 90 of 1996 repealed), introduced the updated lists of harmful and hazardous factors and activities which must be carried out initial and periodic medical examination or examinations. In addition, it approved the procedure. These documents are drawn up in accordance with applicable articles of the Labour code. Periodic medical examinations and inspections are always carried out only at the expense of the employer and in accordance with the statement of work, detailed for each structural unit. Besides frequency lists are compiled lists of names of employees and a list describing the harmful production factors for each employee.

Medical institution along with the service of occupational safety shall determine the frequency and scope (medical specialists, and laboratory and functional researches) periodic medical examination, taking into account the harmful factors of the working environment for the employee. After preparation of all documents the head of the organization (firm, company, institution, etc.) issues an order on the terms and procedure for conducting medical examinations and taking into account the particularities of each structural unit. This document shall be communicated to all employees, and they are within the established deadlines shall obtain the opinion on the results of a medical examination. Only in the presence of the Commission's findings on the validity of the employee may be allowed to start work. Otherwise (if you want to exclude the impact of certain factors) the employee is suspended from work, and the office of personnel management the question of his further employment. If the employee violated the order and a valid reason is not passed within the established deadlines medical examination, although this is part of his duties (article 214 of the labour code), he is also dismissed and the employment contract at the initiative of the employer may be terminated.

For all incoming employees for the expense of the employer arranges the preliminary medical examination. In this case, must be taken into account harmful production factors that characterized this certified occupational workplace, recorded in the employment contract between the employee and the employer. In the absence of a positive opinion of doctors about the validity to work in the given production conditions, the competent refusal of employment.