Server power supply type: inspection, repair, alteration

Server power pack — is part of the hardware which is used to convert the power supplied from the outlet into usable power for the many parts inside the computer case. Converts alternating current (AC) continuous capacity, the necessary computer components for normal operation, called DC (DC). Regulates overheating by controlling the voltage, which can be changed automatically or manually depending on the source of electricity.

Server power supply also known as power Converter. Modern PCs use a universal power supply with switchable mode. Some devices have a manual switch to select input voltage, while others automatically adapt to mains voltage. CoolMax and Ultra are the most popular manufacturers of power supplies.

Functions

Unlike some optional hardware components used with a computer (printer, for example), the power supply is a crucial element, because without it, the rest of the inner equipment cannot function.

Motherboard, case and power supply are of different sizes called form factors. All three components must be compatible to work.

Desktop computer power supply changes alternating current from a wall outlet to DC low voltage to operate the processor and peripheral devices. Requires several types of DC voltages, they must be adjusted to provide stable operation of the PC.

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The computer batteries have short circuit protection, high & low voltage, protection against overcurrent and overheating.

Today's power supplies have a standby voltage that allows you to disable most of the computer system. When the computer is turned off but the battery is still included, it can be run remotely via Wake-on-LAN and Wake-on-ring or locally via Keyboard Power ON (KBPO) if the motherboard supports it. This standby voltage is generated in a smaller power supply inside the unit.

The Devices are designed for worldwide use, had been equipped with a switch, the input voltage, which allows the user to configure the device for use on the local electricity network.

Power Rating

General power consumption on power supply is limited by the fact that all guides go through one transformer and any of its schemes on the primary side, for example, switching components. Total power requirements for a personal computer may range from 250 to 1000 watts for a high-end PC with multiple graphics cards. Personal computers usually require 300 to 500 watts. Power supplies designed for 40 % more than the calculated system power consumption. This protects against performance degradation and overload of the power supply. The batteries indicate their total power output and how it is determined by the limiting current values for each of the supplied voltages. Some power supplies have overload protection — it is important to consider before you start up a server power supply.

Energy Efficiency

The system's power consumption is the sum of the nominal capacities for all components that consume power. For some graphics cards, the value of 12 for a PSU is critical. If the total rated current 12 V at the battery above the recommended rating cards, then this power supply can fully serve card if you have taken into account any other components in the system 12 V. the Manufacturers of these components of a computer system, especially graphics cards, tend to over abuse of their power requirements, to minimize support issues due to too low energy.

Although the power supply with more power will have an extra margin of safety against overloading, such a unit is often less efficient and uses more power at low loads. For example, a 900 watt device with a efficiency rating of 80 Plus Silver (this means that this device is designed for efficiency not less than 85% at loads above 180 W) may only be 73 % better if the load is below 100 W, which is a typical idle power for the personal computer. Thus, when the load 100 watts loss for this source will be 37 watts.

If the same device was put under a 450 W load, for which the efficiency of electricity up to 89 %, the loss would be only 56 W despite the fact that 4.5 times more useful power. For comparison, 500-watt power supply with a rated efficiency 80 Plus Bronze (this means that such a device is for at least 82% for loads above 100 W) may provide an 84-percent efficiency for a 100 W load, wasting only 19 W.

Specifications

Test in 2005 showed that server power supplies 2000W is usually effective in 70-80%. To 75% efficient battery forproduction 75 watts DC will need 100 watts of AC power, the remaining 25 watts go to heat dissipation. Higher quality items can show the effectiveness of above 80 %. Energy-efficient power supplies produce less heat and require less cooling air, which leads to silent operation.

Performance

As of 2012 some high-end consumer power supplies can exceed 90 % efficiency at optimum load levels, though, and will fall to 87-89 % when heavy or low load. Server power sources Google more than 90% effective. Hewlett-Packard company reached 94 % efficiency. The standard batteries that are sold for server workstations have an efficiency of 90% compared to 2010.

Energy Efficiency is significantly reduced at low loads. It is therefore important to examine server power supply and to coordinate the power needs of the computer. Efficiency generally peaks at a load of approximately 50-75 %.

Precautions

The Server power supply is usually not accessible by the user. Never open the casing of this device. It contains capacitors that can hold a strong electrical charge even when the computer is off and disconnected from the network during the week. This is especially important when the server-side Pinout of the power supply. You can protect your equipment from power surges using surge protectors and uninterruptible power supply.

Repair of server power supplies and modifications

The power supply is installed inside the rear wall of the housing, which also has a cooling fan. Side of the block located outside the housing, has a connector with three sockets, connect the power cable. Also in the diagram of the integrated power switch and voltage switch.

Bundles of colored wires run from the opposite side of the battery to the computer. Connectors at the opposite ends of the wires connect to various components inside the computer to provide their food. Some are specifically designed to connect to the motherboard, while others have connectors that fit in with the fans, floppy drives, hard drives, optical drives and even some high-power graphics card, that should be considered when modifying a server power supply.

External hardware

Power Units are measured in power and demonstrate how much energy they can provide to the computer. Since each computer part requires certain conditions to work properly, it is important to have a server power supply that can provide the desired performance. There is a convenient tool of calculation of the supply of the cooler, which is able to determine the desired parameters.

There are Also external power supplies that are connected separately with the power cable and allow you to decrease the appearance of the PC system.