Describe the system storage files on disk. The file system organization

If you are looking for information on the theme “describe a system of storing files on disk”, then you are on the right track! Any data that are on the computer should be available in subsequent use. But how to implement such a mechanism? It is complicated or not?

What is the file storage system

Under the file storage system understand the hardware and software solution designed to provide secure storage all located information. They can act as main or secondary parts of the centre for data processing. So you can answer if you set the task: “Describe a system of storing files on disk”. In addition to short sayings, there are more complex issues: protocols, types, technology.

Protocols

As protocols storage and transmission of data, a number of developments. Some in limited quantities, other very popular. At the moment, actively implemented iSCSI, so the story of the protocols will be conducted by her example. This technology is directed to work through normal network infrastructure. Allows you to connect to workstations or servers, a storage device for later use, so if they were components of the computer. The benefits of such a Protocol we can say:

1. His work is cheap, if not free (shareware).
2. A Software module to the Protocol can work with all popular operating systems. In some it is installed by default, in other – download and to add to the list of protocols on the computer.
3. Operation possible immediately after completion of the mounting process.
4. Because this Protocol uses an Internet address, it can transmit data to any place in the world where you have coverage.

He Has not only advantages but also shortcomings. Overall, he has only one drawback: the reference to the Internet address and the impossibility of full functioning without it.

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Types of systems

In the modern world depending on the needs used 4 system storage files:

1. DAS. Under her understand the drives that are directly connected to the computing system. All that is directly connected to the computer, uses this system.
2. NAS. This system is familiar to fans of local networks. It provides access to internal files and documents only to those devices that were identified as “your”.
3. SAN. From the user point of view to describe the system as a local disk drive to which the connection is made from the network when using remote file access.
4. CAS. This storage architecture in which a significant role is played by the image data stored. It is hashed and used to find information in the storage system or separate devices. In fact, this architecture can be compared with a special base in which the calculated hash – quick search tool for content. This system easily lends itself to decentralization, which significantly increases durability and reliability. But the disadvantages should be attributed to the small interaction rate, which does not allow large-scale to use it. Now this architecture is used as storage for archived data, or those that should be long-term.

Technologies used for data storage

Under system there are many approaches to data storage that allow you to optimize your disk usage and insure in case of unforeseen situations:

1. Backup. Represents the proactive creation of copies of information, which can be removed and may need again. Important the file size. With full redundancy affects the whole system and files. If incremental copy is retained only part of it. Selection search is performed on those that have changed since the passing of the last backup. Usually the stored data is the disk or the repository.
2. Replication. Happen synchronous and asynchronous. Under the first understand the data allocation in different storage systems (although it may be the use of two drives in one system). The recording of information is carried out simultaneously. Asynchronous replication is called a data record that is not at the same time, and when convenient. This approach allows to overcome the speed difference, but the data will never be completely identical. Although they will aspire to. In an effort to combine technology developed to semisynchronous replication. Its essence lies in the fact that the record begins to take place simultaneously, but uses transmission channels at full capacity. And if somewhere the process is terminated, else it proceeds to completion. When this data is separated by a minimum.
3. Deduplication. A special method that when you compress array of data, eliminates duplicate copies of all duplicate files. A particularly important method when the size of the backup file andtheir number is very high. Used to optimize used space.

But it's still not a complete answer to the problem “describe a system of storing files on disk”. For the full proceedings it is necessary to consider more memory.

Permanent memory

It understands data storage, which should not depend on the energy supply system. It is also called nonvolatile memory. This sector is allocated on disk to store file names. It is necessary to search for the saved information. Also it contains the whole “constant” information that is retrieved by the user. As an example, data include work files, games, saved documents, folders. Hosted information can be retrieved even after decades since recording and a power outage. An example would be the disk that hosts the operating system files. After all, how would it be if they got erased? Was it possible to start the computer? Without additional manipulation – no!

Memory

There is an operational or volatile memory. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that you need a constant supply of electricity. While its size indicates the ability of the computer to do a certain number of actions, and, in fact, depends on its capacity. It is responsible for the drives, folders, files and documents that are now active and working. It should be noted that software to increase RAM memory without improving the hardware of the computer in most cases, is fraught with disruption of the entire system (not just storage).

Cache

Also called memory quick access. It contains information, which is most likely. The peculiarity is that constant, and the cache memory contain the same data. But due to the fact that the second is more quick, search first by her. If no matches are found, then the computer will look for already in permanent memory. Upon detection of a match in the cache, changes will be made here first. And then, if possible, in permanent memory. A common disadvantage of the cache is its relatively small size. Storing files on computer disk drives is limited hardware for all types of memory. So if you want to resize you need to install something better and at the same time compatible with other systems.

Conclusion

As you can see storage system – this is a fairly complex mechanism. It includes a variety of protocols (of which was reviewed by only one due to huge amount of information), different types, organizational approaches and technologies, as well as memory. Now we can say that the response to the request “describe a system of storing files on disk" given.