Vavilov Nikolai I.: a short biography for kids

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2018-03-31 21:58:16

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Vavilov, Nikolai Ivanovich, a brief biography which examines school curriculum, – the famous geneticist, Russian grower, the geographer, the founder of the doctrine about the origin of cultivated plants and the biological basis of selection, the initiator of many research institutions, was born in Moscow on 25 November 1887. Vavilov Nikolay Ivanovich brief biographyA Russian scientist has made an invaluable contribution to science, which is acknowledged for biologists all over the world.

A Passion for plants comes from my childhood

Father Nicholas – Ivan Ilyich - comes from a peasant family, was a merchant of the second Guild and engaged in social activities. Before the revolution was led by the manufacturing factory “Udalov and Vavilov”. Mother, Aleksandra Mikhailovna - was a daughter of the artist-Carver Prohofsky factory. All in the family there were seven children, three of whom died in childhood. The younger brother of the future scientist – Sergey Vavilov devoted his life to physics, was founded in the Soviet scientific school of physical optics, in 1945-1951 he led the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Older sister Alexandra chose the medical path and became the organizer of the Moscow sanitary networks. Lydia – a younger sister, trained as a microbiologist, during one of the expeditions were infected with the smallpox and died. Vavilov Nikolay Ivanovich a short biography for kidsNikolai Vavilov, a brief biography which is interesting to the admirers of his scientific activity, unlike other children, since the childhood was fond of flora and fauna and had a high affinity to the natural Sciences. This hobby has contributed rare books, herbarium and geographical maps, before his father's large library, and contributed to the formation of future genetics.

Vavilov, Nikolai Ivanovich: short biography for kids

His father, Nikolai Vavilov entered the commercial College. Upon its completion, in 1906, became a student of the agricultural Institute (faculty of agronomy) in Moscow. 1908 was marked by a student expedition to Transcaucasia and the North Caucasus, where the Vavilov. I. a brief biography which obligatory school program, conducted geographical and Botanical research. In 1910 he held the agronomic practices in the Poltava experimental station, Vavilov saragusa for further fruitful work.

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Vavilov Nikolay Ivanovich a short biography for kids 2 grade During the period of study in the Institute ability to carry out research activities manifested in Nicholas repeatedly; student made presentations about genealogy in the plant world and experimental morphology, has presented a thesis about naked slugs, causing damage to agricultural lands of Moscow province. For this work, Nikolai Vavilov was awarded the prize of the Moscow Polytechnic Museum. After graduation the promising young man was left to prepare for the rank of Professor at the Department of agriculture and assigned to a Breeding station of this institution, where closely engaged in study of immunity of cultural plants to fungi parasite. In parallel, the Nikolai has taught at the Institute and women in agriculture.

Introducing the experience of European colleagues

From 1911 to 1912, he took his internship in St. Petersburg, whose aim was more in-depth introduction to the geography of the cultivated cereals, the study of the nature and diseases, and in 1913 - a trip abroad to complete education. In Germany, Nikolai worked for some time in the laboratory of the German philosopher and naturalist Ernst Haeckel, and in France became acquainted with the new achievements of seed breeding, in England, under the direction of Professor William Bateson (one of the outstanding geneticists of the time), which Vavilov thought to be his teacher, engaged in the study of disease resistance in cereals. The first world war caused the interruption of the trip, and Nikolai was forced to return to Moscow, where he continued work on the study of the immune system of plants, conducting experiments in the capital's nurseries paired with a Professor by Uglovym S. I.

Why died in Persia Russian soldiers?

In 1916, Nikolai Vavilov received a master's degree after passing the exams; in the same period, it exempted from military service by reason of a defect (damaged in my childhood eyes) was brought in as a consultant on issues of mass diseases in Persia soldier of the Russian army. The cause of the disease was able to identify Vavilov Nikolay Ivanovich. A short biography for kids 2 class describes that the flour got pieces of seeds of Cocklebur intoxicating fungus Stromantinia temulenta, producing a substance that can cause poisoning – alkaloid Temelin. The result of his actions was a loss of consciousness, convulsions, drowsiness and dizziness; there was a probability of death. The problem was solved by banning the use of local products; the supply of provisions began to be implemented from Russia.

Nikolai Vavilov and brief biography

After obtaining the permission of the military leadership for the expedition, Vavilov went deep into Iran, setting a goal to studyexamples of local cereals. Sowing seeds in England Persian wheat, Nikolai Ivanovich in various ways tried to infect her with powdery mildew, even applying nitrogen fertilizer, that lead to the development of the disease. All attempts proved fruitless, on the basis of what the scientists concluded that the immune system of plants is directly dependent on the environmental conditions of the original formation of this species. It was during this expedition of Nikolai Ivanovich was an assumption on the patterns of genetic variation.

Career Success

In 1917 Vavilov was marked by the election assistants of the head of Department of applied botany, on the recommendation of R. E. Regel None of the scientists who worked on plant immunity, was not able to approach the topic is so close, thus fully illuminating the issue, as did Vavilov Nikolay Ivanovich. A short biography for kids tells us that in 1917, the scientist moved to Saratov, where at the Higher courses of agriculture has headed the Department of plant breeding, genetics and private farming. As a Professor of the faculty of agronomy from 1917 to 1921 at the University of Saratov, Vavilov in parallel with the lectures began the experimental study of immunity of agricultural crops. The result of this great work, including a study of several hundred varieties of wheat and oats, the analysis of immune varieties and their susceptibility to disease, identification of anatomical abilities, was published in 1919 monograph “the Immunity of plants to infectious diseases”.

In 1920, the famous scientist made a report on the law of heritable changes in homologous series at the THIRD all-Russian Congress, the organizing Committee which he headed. The report became the largest event in the world of biological science and was welcomed by the scientific community.

Experiments, research, achievements

In 1920, being elected to the position of head of the Department of applied botany and plant breeding, Nikolai Vavilov, whose brief biography is described in many textbooks, he moved to Petrograd, where with the scale began to conduct research work. The head of this organization, eventually renamed the all-Union Institute of plant industry, Vavilov remained until 1940. Together with A. A. Yachevskaya Nikolai was sent to the USA where it has agreed to supply the seed, while examining at the same time, grain-growing areas of the U.S. territories. On the way back, a scientist visited Belgium, Holland, France, Sweden, England, where he held a number of meetings with the scientists, met with the breeding stations and research laboratories, establishing new contacts and organized the procurement of scientific equipment, literature and varietal seed.

Nikolay Vavilov brief biography

The year 1923 was marked for Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov's election to the post of Director of the State Institute of experimental agronomy. At the initiative of the scientist in the 20-ies in different climate and soil conditions of the Soviet Union had created a large number of research stations, studying and experiencing various forms of useful plants.

An Invaluable contribution to science

Biography of Vavilov Nikolai Ivanovich closely associated with the scientific expeditions carried out from 1924 to 1929. This is Afghanistan, Africa, the Mediterranean, Japan, China, Taiwan, Korea, during which a scholar's collection of seed material (ischislyaetsya thousands of samples) and made the study of the sources of growth of cultivated plants.

In 1927, for a brilliant report “Geographical experiments on the study of the variability of cultural plants of the USSR», with which Nikolai Ivanovich spoke in Rome at a conference for experts of agriculture, scientist was awarded a gold medal, and the conference agreed to apply Vavilov developed a system of geographic crops in the world.

Family of Nikolai Vavilov

Vavilov, Nikolai Ivanovich, a brief biography which tells of his great achievements in the world of science, was married twice. Scientist's first wife was Ekaterina Sakharova, from the marriage with whom was born a son, Oleg. Died at the age of 28 in the Caucasus, in climbing the ascent. Second wife – doctor of agricultural Sciences, biologist Elena Barulin, which Nikolai familiar since her students (1918), the young girl took part in many undertakings of his mentor (including on an expedition on the South-Eastern part of Russia), writing articles included in the book Vavilov on field crops. Family Elena Ivanovna and Nicholas Ivanovich founded in 1926. From this marriage came to light Yuri Vavilov, who became a doctor of physico-mathematical Sciences, a nuclear physicist and has done a lot to find information about dad and publishing them.

biography of Vavilov, Nikolay Ivanovich

On account of Vavilov establishment of institutes of fruit-growing, vegetable and potato farming, subtropical crops, viticulture, fodder, aromatic and medicinal plants – more than a hundred scientific institutions. In the 1930s, Nikolai Vavilov headed the Leningrad genetic laboratory of the USSR, in 1931 – the all-Union geographical society.

The Arrest and false accusation

A Successful career, international recognition of Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov haunted his envious, wrote a letter with political chargesStalin, in which Vavilov was charged in the guilt of isolation from the real needs of agriculture, political promiscuity under which the Vavilov did not distinguish the true enemies of Soviet power. Simultaneously, they carried out public harassment in print media. Since 1934, Nikolai Ivanovich was forbidden to travel abroad, his work found to be unsatisfactory.

The Vavilov was arrested in August 1940, charged with counterrevolutionary activity. In 1941, a scientist was sentenced to death; the sentence was replaced in 1942 by a 20-year sentence. Nikolai died in the hospital of Saratov prison, had been ill during his imprisonment pneumonia, dysentery; in the last year of his life he suffered degeneration. The death was caused by a decline of cardiac activity. Posthumously to the Russian scientist was rehabilitated in 1955: all charges against him were trumped up, untrue. Buried Vavilov Nikolay Ivanovich, a brief biography which a large number of his admirers, in a common grave with other prisoners.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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