Vladimir Monomakh: a historical portrait. Describe the policy of Vladimir Monomakh

Vladimir Monomakh known to modern historians better than the other princes of the era. Known years of his life (1053-1125), and the fact that he was born from Vsevolod Yaroslavich and “Queen grekin”. Mother Vladimir was the grandson of Constantine IX (Byzantine Emperor), and his father – Yaroslav the Wise.

He received an excellent education, spoke several languages including Greek. The ancient Romans considered it important to know this language for further education. All scientific, philosophical and spiritual knowledge at that time was opened to him who knew the Greek speech and writing. In history lessons at school can often hear the question: “Give a description of the policies of Vladimir Monomakh». The response and article.

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In the early years of Vladimir Vsevolodovich was Prince of Rostov, then in Smolensk, Chernigov, Pereyaslavl. His authority in political life was undeniable. He was a staunch opponent of fratricidal strife between princes. To answer the question: “Give a description of the policies of Vladimir Monomakh», you should carefully examine the events Lyubetskii Congress of princes.

Vladimir was the initiator of this Congress in Lubitsch in 1097, the purpose of which was to stop the feuds between the princes and come to a common agreement that one of them belongs to. Fight the strife he waged all his life.

Feature policy

The Main enemy of Russia, apart from the princely strife, Vladimir Monomakh believed Polovtsian. He managed to stop the nomads and establish in the state a peaceful life for thirty years.

In Addition to the weapons, to maintain peace on their lands, he used the methods of his grandfather Yaroslav the Wise. It is known that he became famous as ‘the father of Europe”. Vladimir Vsevolodovich married his sons to daughters of the Polovtsian Khan. Thus he strengthened peaceful relations with them.

The Prince was married to the daughter of the Saxon king Gita. Through inter-dynastic marriages he was able to intermarry with the Swedish, Norwegian, Byzantine, Hungarian States. Next, will be submitted to the internal policy of Vladimir Monomakh briefly.

Domestic policy

Characteristics of the policy of Vladimir Monomakh was not limited to wars, fight against strife and international agreements. He was engaged in the improvement of civilian life, civilian activities, and construction. So, in the annals there is mention of the construction of the bridge across the Dnieper river, the strengthening of the towns of Ladoga and Novgorod the Great, the creation of many temples.

The share of Russia at the time took many disasters with them the Prince could not fight. To such catastrophic events and phenomena include:

• Earthquake;
• Drought
• Floods (often in Novgorod);
• Fires (particularly destructive was a fire in Kiev in 1124 year, which lasted two days and destroyed the entire Hem and the Upper part of the city);
• Locust invasion (in the South).

To organize people's lives, the Prince renewed “Russian truth”. After additions it was renamed the ‘Charter of Vladimir Monomakh». It included clauses about the conditions of monetary loan, which sets a single interest payments on the debt. This allowed ordinary people (Radovich, stinks, purchases) to avoid the threat of becoming slaves for debt. At the same time, the document defended the boyars, merchants, warriors, moneylenders, priests from the popular uprisings.

Despite the desire for unity, the internal policy of Vladimir Monomakh did not include the destruction of specific order. For centuries formed the opinion that the Prince should unite in their hands as much land for themselves and their children.

Teaching the children

Vladimir Monomakh, the internal policy which is not restricted to combat the strife, presented in literary activities. One of the works of that famous Prince was his "instructions for children". It is a good example of his wit, erudition, literacy, piety. In it, he convinces his children to live in the world. He gives them their instructions.

Instruction of Vladimir Monomakh.

• Above all, honor of God;
• In the war, rely only on yourself, not the governors;
• Don't be lazy;
• Love your wives, but don't let them have power over you;
• Follow the observance of justice;
• Read people – elderly as fathers and the young as brethren;
• Read the ambassadors and guests with gifts or treats, as they will tell about you and the world;
• Don't forget their knowledge andlearn everything new.

The work Itself is studied by his contemporaries as an outstanding literary monument. It is also used as a historical document, which allows to understand the peculiarities of the Russian medieval life, its way of life, moral values. Familiarity with the product will allow students and schoolchildren to cope with the task: “Give a description of the policies of Vladimir Monomakh».

The Last journey

The Prince Lived 74 years. His last days on Earth were connected with the Affairs of the state. He traveled to his native town, where he was going to watch the end of the construction of the Church of Boris and Gleb.

After his death his body was taken to Kiev and buried the remains in the Cathedral of St. Sophia with the father. The chronicler tells us that all the people crying about it because they considered it “love for brother, sidelobes and a good sufferer for the Russian land”.

The Legend of Monomakh

If you ask: “Give a description of the policies of Vladimir Monomakh», it is worth mentioning an interesting legend. It consists in the fact that when the Prince of Kiev went to Byzantium, the Emperor sent him towards the symbols of power (regalia). The ambassadors gave him the gift, which consisted of many precious and sacred objects:

• A wooden cross with a particle of the crucifixion, which was executed on Christ;
• Cup of carnelian that had belonged to at the time, Emperor Augustus Caesar;
• Golden barm (shoulders) is decorated with precious stones;
• A chain of Arabian gold;
• The Royal crown.

It was the crown were called Monomakh's cap. It crowned to the throne of the subsequent tsars up to Peter the Great. Modern professionals found in this legend is a mismatch, because the crown consists of details Dating to the 14th century.

However, the legend proves that Russia was considered the successor of Tsar'grad (Constantinople). To refute such conclusions is not decisive, partly because of the wise policies of Vladimir Vsevolodovich.