Savva Mamontov: biography, personal life, philanthropic activities, interesting facts

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2019-04-26 02:20:31

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Patron of the arts Savva Ivanovich Mamontov was the son of a merchant family. He was born October 2, 1841 in the Siberian city of Yalutorovsk. When the boy was 8 years old, he moved with his parents to Moscow. Father Ivan hunted wine mercy. With his wife Mary he had seven children, including two previously deceased daughter. Ivan moved to Moscow after it became the first Guild merchant, and began to in charge of all the farming economy of the province. Things from the merchant walked up the hill, so the family lived in a big way. At Mamontov was leased on Meshchansky street mansion, which arranged parties and balls.

Childhood

Although the mammoth belonged to the merchant class, orders in the family was very different from the traditional in this environment. In the life of this family occupied an important place in literature, art, theatre, music. Manners Ivan was more like the manners of an English Lord than a merchant. Of course, the way of life of the older is strongly influenced by the interests, which acquired Savva Mamontov. Biography of the philanthropist would have been different if not for the tastes of his own family. In addition, the education of the boy was engaged tutor, learn foreign languages and European manners.

First, Savva studied in a regular school. Then his father moved him to the Institute of the Corps of civil engineers in St. Petersburg. This decision was a wise one. Just as in Russia to develop railway construction. The engineering profession in General have become extremely popular. Most student, however, he loved the German language. Two years later his father took him from St. Petersburg because of the epidemic of scarlet fever.

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Savva Mamontov biography

Youth

In the 19 years of Savva Mamontov, whose biography is distinguished by numerous unexpected twists and turns, arrived in the capital University, but then transferred to Moscow, where he chose law school. Despite this specialty, the main passion of the young man. He didn't miss a single high-profile premieres and rotated in circles of the Moscow intelligentsia. To Mamontov even looked just amnestied Decembrists.

Ivan continued to successfully conduct business. He had several sons, but none of them was interested in entrepreneurship. My father's hopes were pinned on the ribbons. In 1862 he sent his son in Baku, where he was engaged in commercial Affairs of the TRANS-Caspian partnership. After a few months of Savva Mamontov, whose biography is made another zigzag, became head of the Moscow branch of the organization.

In 1864, the owner went to Italy. First, he wanted to take care of your health, and secondly, going to look at the silk trade. For this purpose was selected from Lombardy. It has long been famous for its silk weaving industry and sericulture. In Milan, Savva Mamontov met local legendary theatre "La Scala", which raised the world's best Opera. The merchant was seriously interested in this art form and even began taking Amateur singing lessons.

Savva Mamontov interesting facts

Personal life

The Young Savva Mamontov, a personal life which has been very successful, he met his future wife Elizabeth Sapozhnikova, during his first Italian journey. The girl's father was a major trader of silk, because marriage Sava only reinforced the serious social status of his family.

Ivan Fyodorovich Elizabeth very much, and it is with great joy approved his son's choice. After the ceremony the couple went again to Italy – this time on a honeymoon. The wife of Savva Mamontov bore her husband five children. Their daughter Faith was depicted by the painter Valentin Serov in his famous painting "Girl with peaches”.

Savva Mamontov

Tycoon-heir

Father Sava Ivan died in 1869, after which his family business passed to his son. Successor helped parent helpers. With them, the young entrepreneur is not only preserved, but also multiply the parental legacy. So in 1872, at the head of the Moscow-Yaroslavl railway had a new Director – Savva Mamontov. Biography of a merchant was associated with many different areas of business. At the same time with the railroad he owned a trading firm supplying building materials. Gradually Mammoths were used to an active social life.

A family home of Savva Ivanovich became the estate of Abramtsevo, bought of writer Sergei Aksakov. The couple believed that their children grow better outside the city away from the hassle and unhealthy situation. Which had always been bursting with love for activities of Magnat made from Abramtsevo prosperous estate with private schools, churches, greenhouses, garden, hospital, the bridge and the dam on the river Thief.

Charity work

Despite the business activity, the merchant continued to be interested in art. He was familiar with all the main parties of the Russian intelligentsia of his time. In Abramtsevo, even formed a circle of artists, the organizer of which was Sam Savva Mamontov. Interesting facts of the life of intellectual and philanthropist he combined with news about the next major transactions and enterprises. Mammoths gotthe all-Russia popularity after finished building important to the economy of the railway in the Donetsk coal basin. Communication was built in 1882. Eight years later, Savva Ivanovich sold them to the government for a fortune.

Special weakness Mammoths had for artists. He was friends with Apollinary Vasnetsov, Isaac Levitan, Vasily Surikov, Valentin Serov and other painters. The merchant was a relative of the Creator of Moscow's main gallery Pavel Tretyakov.

Bono

Patron of the arts

If necessary, the patron Savva Mamontov helped artists not only morally, but also financially. He was a real godfather to many young talents. Months painters lived right in his house. Thanks to Savva Ivanovich rose to his feet with stars such as Vrubel, Vasnetsov, Korovin and Serov. Some of their paintings are now recognized classics, was painted in the estate of Mamontov. Although the merchant is not involved in collecting directly, picture it settled with new acquaintances from the art world.

Bono Savva Ivanovich helped young artists and the Wanderers. In 1880, the funds of a merchant with a large circulation, was issued on their album. Also the Mammoth was organized by the Moscow art exhibitions. Along with the noblewoman Maria Tenisheva he financed the famous log the ‘World of art”.

Craze for music and theater

Painting was not the only interest of the merchant. Music – here is another art which was sick Savva Mamontov. Interesting facts about his tastes well known by the regular creative evenings, which the businessman suit in his house. Here there were works by Schumann, Beethoven, Mozart, Glinka, Dargomyzhsky, Mussorgsky and other famous composers. Not making vocal lessons Mammoths sometimes I was in front of the guests. Also it was put home performances. In one of the submissions played a young Konstantin Alexeyev, who later became world-famous theater Director Stanislavsky.

In 1882, Russian law had allowed private companies. One of those who immediately took advantage of new opportunities, was Savva Mamontov. Abramtsevo was not only the haven for artists. The patron was interested in Opera and, frustrated by the dismissive attitude of the Russian public to this kind of art, decided to organize Opera productions. He dreamed of one-piece works on stage, which could unite musicians, artists, singers and actors. Anything like that domestic production has not differed.

In the selection of the new company Savva Mamontov was helping conductor Nikolai Krotkov. The organizers decided to invite the young performers, who haven't played in public theatres. He created Mammoths in the theater any office not occupied, although regularly visited rehearsals and talked with the actors.

patron of the arts Savva Mamontov

Troupe

At the beginning of 1885, which belonged to Lianozovskoe theatre building hosted the first performance of the troupe Mamontov “Rusalka”, based on the work of the composer Alexander Dargomyzhsky. The scenery for it was created by Isaac Levitan and Apollinaria Vasnetsov. Then they also worked on other productions (“Faust” and “the merry wives of Windsor"). There is no doubt that the “creative children’ Savva Mamontov became the first theatre artists of Russia. Until serious painters were not engaged in the scenery for productions, considering this craft is irrelevant to their level. There was a separate niche illustrators, depicting the same Opera background scenery ancient ruins, medieval castles, nature, Italy. Troupe “the train of the king” this changed the established order.

Quite a long time experimental Opera Mamontov did not have success in the classroom. The lack of experience of young “raw” of the actors. The businessman, however, well let down, despite the caustic remarks in the press and criticism of friends, who believed that a serious magnate should not engage in such nonsense. The first high-profile tour of the theater were only in 1898, when Mamontov troupe conquered St. Petersburg.

In addition to these monuments in Sergiev Posad and Yaroslavl, is a kind of monument to Savva Mamontov – artists who became known for his Opera. These include the star of stage Chaliapin, composers Rakhmaninov, Rimsky-Korsakov and Mussorgsky.

children of Savva Mamontov

Interesting facts

The mammoth Patronage was not limited to only one art. For a long time he was Chairman in Delibegovic railway school in Moscow. Mamontov financed the construction of educational institutions, including in the Northern provinces. They were established in Kostroma industrial College. In St. Petersburg, the tycoon had organized the publication of different liberal views of the newspaper «Russia». It was closed in 1902, after there appeared an article, vysmeivaetsya members of the Royal family.

The Charitable interest in the North at mammoth appeared thanks to the construction of a railway to Arkhangelsk. This project differed special complexity and difficulty. From the beginning he did not promisequick and tangible profit. Savva Ivanovich set about building only out of a sense of civic duty and awareness that the new line will allow to accelerate economic development in the North.

The Road to Arkhangelsk was completed in 1897. She had enormous significance for the North of the region and for the whole country. Despite the scale of their activities, Savva Ivanovich did not seek public recognition. He was not looking for ranks and awards, not start relationships with those in power. However, the tycoon was a high-ranking well-wishers and patrons. One of them was the Minister of Finance Sergei Witte. After the construction of a railway to Arkhangelsk officials have made mammoth awarding the order of St. Vladimir of the fourth degree.

Savva Mamontov personal life

Bankruptcy and recent years

In 1890 Savva Morozov began its largest entrepreneurial project. It was the unification of the transport and industrial enterprises. For this purpose the tycoon had acquired a number of outdated and required modernization of plants. Their repair cost significant expenses. Gradually, the family of Savva Mamontov had lost more money. In 1898, finding themselves in a difficult situation, the entrepreneur decided on a risky financial transaction with the shares of the Yaroslavl railway. As a result of sale of securities Mammoths eventually went bankrupt.

Trying to escape from financial ruin, the patron received a government concession to build a railroad from St. Petersburg to Viatka. However, this only worsened the situation. In 1899 at mammoth over the money, he could no longer pay off numerous creditors. Moreover, the government represented by the Ministry of Finance has appointed an audit prepared of the road.

The Case went to trial. Savva Ivanovich for a few months in jail, he was deprived of property. Owner accused of embezzlement. In court he was defended by a prominent representative of the domestic legal profession Fyodor Plevako. Mamontov was acquitted, he was released under the incessant applause from the audience. However, any capital he has left. The rest of my life Savva Ivanovich spent out of public life. After the trial he moved to a small house near the Butyrskaya gate. Communicated Mammoths only with a narrow circle of old friends, some of whom have remained famous throughout the country, artists and actors. Philanthropist died 6 APR 1918 at the age of 76 years. He was buried in the village of Abramtsevo.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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