From our article you'll learn what the environment. This concept is widely used both in ecology and in everyday life. Each environment has its own conditions and types of organisms. How are they interrelated? Let's get together.
This word has many meanings. It can mean a day of the week, a plot of land, the social situation or solution with homogeneous conditions. The word environment is found in different languages, but literally translates as "middle". What is the environment from the point of view of ecology? This is a set of conditions in which live organisms and their communities.
Habitat is also called ecological niche of organisms. For each of them it is the basis of producing various substances, which is composed of a plurality of components.
Towards one's own appearance it can be external and internal. What's the difference? Internal refers to all body fluids, which are contained in special tanks. For the first time the term "internal environment" was introduced into science by the French physician and physiologist Claude Bernard. She never comes into contact with the outside. Thanks to this feature there is a continuous maintenance of homeostasis, or constancy of conditions.
What is the external environment? This is all the reality of a particular kind. The conditions of existence of distinguish four types of environment. The most diverse conditions and densely populated is the ground-air. Significantly different from her aquatic and soil environment. Another environment in which life is possible, are the organisms of other species.
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Each environment is unique. This feature make the unique conditions or environmental factors. They directly or indirectly exert a continuous influence on all living things in each habitat. What temperature, humidity, light, pressure? Are the components of inanimate nature. They belong to the group of abiotic factors.
Organisms constantly interacting with each other. Different forms and their relations constitute the biotic factors. Such interactions may be experienced differently and appear as competition, parasitism, or symbiosis neutrality. Anthropogenic factors include all kinds of human activities.
The Leading factors of inanimate nature here is the amount of solar energy, temperature of air, humidity and gas composition of the air. Ground-air environment has rightfully earned the title of most diverse conditions.
What is the habitat for the flora? This is a place that will provide the conditions for the occurrence of photosynthesis. Therefore, the limiting factor for plants is the presence of light. In the spectrum distinguish areas that have different effects on organisms. Ultraviolet radiation is detrimental to living, so it almost completely absorbs the Earth's ozone layer. Half of the spectrum is visible light. Their use of plants for the synthesis of organic matter, and animals - for visual perception. Infrared rays are a source of thermal energy, so is used by many to increase the body temperature.
The Temperature regime significantly affects the speed of metabolic reactions. The optimal index is in the range from 10 to 30 degrees with the + symbol. Living organisms have a number of devices to transfer adverse conditions. They can fall into a state of hibernation or cysts, capable of thermoregulation.
What is the environment for fish and crustaceans? This fresh and salt water. The inhabitants of the water column represent ecological groups of plankton and nekton. The first group includes bacteria, blue-green algae, jellyfish, Radiolaria. Some actively swim independently, but even they are not able to resist the currents. Therefore, planktonic organisms have a number of tools for moving in the water column. These include small size and low specific gravity.
Those animals that move on their own in the water are called nekton. What is their habitat? It is also a variety of water bodies. To this ecological group of mammals include cetaceans, cephalopods, fish. They all have streamlined bodies and well-developed organs of motion.
Limiting factors of the aquatic environment are temperature, light level, salinity, and bottom mode.
What is the habitat in which virtually no light, and movement hampered by the high density particulate? Is the soil. For a huge number of organisms, such conditions are quite favourable. This protozoa, worms, insects, snails, and some vertebrates. The main adaptations to the habitat conditions in the soil are oxygen uptake through the integument, the presence of burrowing limbs, worm-like body shape.
In the individuals of other species live many creatures. Moreover, the nature of their relationship is quite diverse. Organisms can be used by other types inas a dwelling or source of nutrients. Thus, parasitic worms that live in the ducts of the internal organs of humans and animals absorb finished products. Another form of relationship is symbiosis - a mutually beneficial cohabitation. Her examples are beneficial bacteria of the intestinal microflora.
So what is a habitat? This is the sum of all conditions in which live organisms. Each of them has a predominant effect of their environmental factors.
Article in other languages:
TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/e-itim/20445-nedir-habitat-tan-m-s-n-fland-r-lmas-zellikleri.html
Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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