The General theory of relativity: from fundamental science to practical applications

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2018-03-22 10:35:07

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The Special and General theory of relativity is one of the most outstanding achievements of human thought. They were formulated in the beginning of the last century, and were parts of a single breakthrough in human understanding of the nature of the world. But between them exists a striking difference, which is that the first theory, though contrary to the usual ideas were a logical consequence of the generalization of observational data. The General theory of relativity were the product of a thought experiment. In fact, she was a true intellectual feat of its Creator, the German physicist albert Einstein.

General relativityAlbert Einstein published his work, which was first formulated General relativity in 1915. Like so much in modern physics, this theory contradicts our intuitive notions about the world. Ray Dinverno said, "Indeed, the intellectual leap required from Einstein to come from special relativity to General - one of the greatest in human history...". He Einstein in a letter to a colleague admitted: "I've never worked with this strain... compared to the General theory of relativity, the initial theory is a children's game...".

According to the special theory of relativity, space and time are not independent substances. On the contrary, they are different manifestations of a unified space-time. The ratio between time and spatial coordinates for different reference systems moving with different velocities. This, in particular, leads to the fact that two events that seem simultaneous to one observer can occur at different times for another.

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However, this theory does not explain the nature of gravitational forces. Did General relativity. It postulates, in addition to the basics of the special theory, contained the thesis of the inseparable connection of matter and space-time. She says that the gravitational force due to the curvature of space around material objects. In other words, matter tells space how to bend and space tells matter how to move.

the special and General theory of relativityThus, this theory gives a complete picture, in which space-time forms the theater of existence of matter, and, on the other hand, matter determines its properties.

General relativity is a cornerstone of fundamental science. Despite this, she was awarded the Nobel prize in 1993. Got it Hals astrophysics, and Taylor for the explanation of the precession of the double pulsar system consists of two neutron stars. Most recently, in 2011, another Nobel prize was awarded for the contribution of this theory in cosmology and the explanation of expansion of the universe.

 the General theory of relativity postulatesAnd although its effects are negligible on Earth and in near-earth space, it has very important practical applications. The most important thing of them is the global positioning system, such as the American GPS and the Russian GLONASS. Excluding the effects of the theory of relativity, these systems would be at least an order of magnitude less accurate. Thus, if you are the owner of a phone with a GPS system, the General theory of relativity works for you.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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